ASTM D4310-22a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Standard Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Insoluble material may form in oils that are subjected to oxidizing conditions.
5.2 Significant formation of oil insolubles or metal corrosion products, or both, during this test may indicate that the oil will form insolubles or corrode metals, or both, during field service. However, no correlation with field service has been established.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubricants and mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in the presence of oxygen, water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
Note 1: During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron were found to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are available (see Section 16).
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943 where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is determined by following the acid number of oil. The number of test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of 2.0 mg KOH/g is the oxidation lifetime.
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determination and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount of copper in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B requires the sludge determination only. The acid number determination is optional for both procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4310 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of
1
Inhibited Mineral Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the
in their location.
tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubri-
cants and mineral oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
thepresenceofoxygen,water,andcopperandironmetalsatan
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
circulating oils having a specific gravity less than that of water
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
NOTE 1—During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron
were found to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
available (see Section 16).
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is
determinedbyfollowingtheacidnumberofoil.Thenumberof
2. Referenced Documents
test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2.0 mg KOH/g is the oxidation lifetime.
A510 Specification for General Requirements forWire Rods
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determina-
and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric) A0510_
tion and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount
A0510M
of copper in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
requires the sludge determination only. The acid number
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
determination is optional for both procedures.
by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this and Additives
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
standard.
Mineral Oils
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
D3339 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
Petroleum Products
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
Fuels, and Lubricants
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.09.0C on Oxidation of Turbine Oils. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2022 as D4310 – 22. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4310-22A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyrig
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4310 − 22 D4310 − 22a
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of
1
Inhibited Mineral Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4310; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers and is used to evaluate the tendency of inhibited mineral oil based steam turbine lubricants and mineral
oil based anti-wear hydraulic oils to corrode copper catalyst metal and to form sludge during oxidation in the presence of oxygen,
water, and copper and iron metals at an elevated temperature. The test method is also used for testing circulating oils having a
specific gravity less than that of water and containing rust and oxidation inhibitors.
NOTE 1—During round robin testing copper and iron in the oil, water and sludge phases were measured. However, the values for the total iron were found
to be so low (that is, below 0.8 mg), that statistical analysis was inappropriate. The results of the cooperative test program are available (see Section 16).
1.2 This test method is a modification of Test Method D943 where the oxidation stability of the same kinds of oils is determined
by following the acid number of oil. The number of test hours required for the oil to reach an acid number of 2.0 mg KOH/g is
the oxidation lifetime.
1.3 Procedure A of this test method requires the determination and report of the weight of the sludge and the total amount of copper
in the oil, water, and sludge phases. Procedure B requires the sludge determination only. The acid number determination is optional
for both procedures.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious
medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution
when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional
information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national
law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 7 and X1.1.5.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.09.0C on Oxidation of Turbine Oils.
Current edition approved July 1, 2022Nov. 1, 2022. Published July 2022November 2022. Originally approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 20202022 as
D4310 – 20a.D4310 – 22. DOI: 10.1520/D4310-22.10.1520/D4310-22A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D4310 − 22a
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A510 Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel (Metric) A0510_A0510M
B1 Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175
...
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