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ASTM D820-93(2009)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.
1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:
Sections  Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method) 5 and 6 Free Alkali or Free Acid 7 and 8 Anhydrous, Salt-Free, Soda Soap 9-12 Alcohol-Soluble Matter13 and 14 Matter Insoluble in Water15 Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts)16 and 17 Sodium Silicate18-20 Phosphates21-28 Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue)29-34 Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter35-39 Free Fatty Matter40 Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter41-43 Rosin (McNicoll Method)44-47 Synthetic Detergent (by Difference)48 Neutral, Inorganic Salts49
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2009
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.12 - Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their Components
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D820-93(2003) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM D8179-18 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Detergents for the Cleaning of Clinically-used Medical Devices
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM D459-16 - Standard Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009

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ASTM D820-93(2009) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic DetergentsASTM D820-93(2009) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents
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ASTM D820-93(2009) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D820 − 93(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Test Methods for
Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic
1
Detergents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D820; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D216Method of Test for Distillation of Natural Gasoline
3
(Withdrawn 1988)
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical
D459Terminology Relating to Soaps and Other Detergents
analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.
D875Method for Calculating of Olefins and Aromatics in
1.2 Theanalyticalproceduresappearinthefollowingorder:
Petroleum Distillates from Bromine Number and Acid
3
Absorption (Withdrawn 1984)
Sections
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method) 5 and 6
D1768Test Method for Sodium Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in
Free Alkali or Free Acid 7 and 8
Anhydrous, Salt-Free, Soda Soap 9–12 Synthetic Detergents by Ultraviolet Absorption
Alcohol-Soluble Matter 13 and 14
D2357for Qualitative Classification of Surfactants by Infra-
Matter Insoluble in Water 15 and 15
red Absorption
Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts) 16 and 17
D2358TestMethodforSeparationofActiveIngredientfrom
Sodium Silicate 18–20
Phosphates 21–28
Surfactant and Syndet Compositions
Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue) 29–34
D3049Test Method for Synthetic Anionic Ingredient by
Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter 35–39
Free Fatty Matter 40 Cationic Titration
Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter 41–43
Rosin (McNicoll Method) 44–47
3. Terminology
Synthetic Detergent (by Difference) 48
Neutral, Inorganic Salts 49
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 The term synthetic detergent in these test methods is
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
defined in accordance with Terminology D459, as follows:
standard.
3.3 synthetic detergent—a detergent produced by chemical
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
synthesis and comprising an organic composition other than
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
soap.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.4 Fordefinitionsofothertermsusedinthesetestmethods,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
refer to Terminology D459.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Purity of Reagents and Materials
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
4
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D12 on
Soaps and Other Detergentsand are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D12.12 on Analysis and Specifications of Soaps, Synthetics, Detergents and their
3
Components. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published December 2009. Originally www.astm.org.
4
approved in 1945. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D820–93(2003). Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
DOI: 10.1520/D0820-93R09. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
the ASTM website. MD.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D820 − 93 (2009)
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the 9.2 Stokes Flask, 100-mL, round-bottom (with the bottom
accuracy of the determination. blownout),sealedontoa150-mLErlenmeyerflask.Adiagram
of the Stokes flask is shown in Fig. 1.
4.2 Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be
understood to mean reagent water conforming to Specification 9.3 Siphon, consisting of a two-hole rubber sto
...

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Total Ammonia  
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ASTM D820-93(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Soaps Containing Synthetic Detergents

ABSTRACT
These test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.
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Sections  
Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method)  
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Free Alkali or Free Acid  
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Sodium Silicate  
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Sections  
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Apparent Density  
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Modified Soda (Sequicarbonate Type):  
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Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
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Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3)  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
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Sodium Bicarbonate, Sodium Carbonate, and Free Moisture  
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
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Total Alkalinity as Sodium Oxide (Na2O)  
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Total Silica as SiO2  
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Sodium Metasilicate (Na2SiO3·5H2O)  
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Loss on Ignition of Sodium Sesquisilicate (3Na2O·2SiO2 ·11H2O)  
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Tetrasodium Pyrophosphate
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Matter Insoluble in Water  
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Loss on Ignition  
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Total Borate and Excess Alkalinity or Acidity  
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Tritratable Na2O  
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Total P2O5:  
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Alternative Method  
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pH Titration  
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Quantitative Separation and Measurement of Various Phosphates:  
Reverse-Flow Ion-Exchange Chromatography (Preferred Method)  
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Paper Chromatographic Method  
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pH of 1 percent Solution  
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Turbidity  
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Temperature Rise  
130 – 134  
Sulfate  
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Ignition Loss  
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Particle Size  
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Orthophosphate  
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ASTM D4009-92(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Foam Stability of Hand Dishwashing Detergents

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3.1 The guide, as now constituted, is not suitable for ranking of hand dishwashing products, since no basis is available at this time for correlation of the foam stability of these products using any particular food soil or combination of soils with consumers' ranking of performance.  
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1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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ASTM D1570-95(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Chemical Analysis of Fatty Alkyl Sulfates

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These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates. The different procedure for sampling and chemical analysis of past, powder, or liquid detergent are presented and discussed in details. Distillation test, titration test, and gravimetric test shall be performed to meet the requirements prescribed. The calculations methods for chlorides as sodium chloride are presented in details.
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1.1 These test methods cover the sampling and chemical analysis of paste, powder, or liquid detergent fatty alkyl sulfates.  
1.2 The procedures for sampling and analysis appear in the following order:    
Sections  
Sampling:  
Powders and Flakes Packed in Cans or Cartons  
4  
Powders and Flakes in Bulk  
5  
Liquids  
6  
Pastes  
7  
Preparation of Sample  
8  
Moisture by the Distillation Test Method  
11 – 14  
pH  
15  
Alkalinity  
16 – 19  
Alcohol-Soluble Matter  
20 – 22  
Alcohol-Insoluble Matter  
23 and 24  
Unsulfated Material  
25 – 28  
Combined Alcohols  
29 – 32  
Ester SO3:  
Method A. Titration Test Method  
36 and 37    
Sections  
Ester SO3:  
Method B. Gravimetric Test Method  
38 and 39  
Sodium Sulfate  
40 – 43  
Chlorides Calculated as Sodium Chloride (NaCl)  
44 – 47  
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5.3 The procedure is applicable to all types of home laundry products including detergents, presoak and prespotter products, bleaches, and detergent boosters and is expected to be applicable to horizontal and vertical axis machines.  
5.4 It is not intended for the evaluation of products or conditions normally associated with commercial laundering or dry cleaning establishments.
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ASTM
ASTM D4008-19(Guide)
Standard Guide for Measuring Anti-Soil Deposition Properties of Laundry Detergents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The guide can be used to compare anti-redeposition performance of products; however, there is no confirmed basis for correlation of this controlled laboratory technique with consumers’ ranking of anti-redeposition performance.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides direction for measuring the ability of detergents to prevent the deposition of soils from detergent solutions onto fabrics. It is intended as a laboratory screening test to aid in the formulation of detergent products, for quality control, and as a basis between the purchaser and seller in standardizing specific products' performance.  
1.2 The anti-soil deposition performance of detergent products will vary greatly depending on the type of soils and fabrics used in the test. Therefore, selection of the soils, fabrics, reference detergents, and test conditions shall be made by agreement between the interested parties on the basis of experience.  
1.3 There is no single or combination of oily soils or particulate soils, or both, that will precisely predict overall the performance of a product or treatment with respect to anti-redeposition as perceived by a consumer. This guide is intended to assess or compare detergent performance with respect to the anti-redeposition performance for the specific soil chosen.  
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material safety data sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review them for hazards prior to usage.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off