ASTM D6191-97
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
SCOPE
1.1 This test method may be used to measure the amount of formaldehyde evolced from air-dry water reducible coatings utilizing latices, resin emulsions, or water reducible alkyds. The results may be used to define the "free" formaldehyde evolved from a sample under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 6191 – 97
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Evolved Formaldehyde from Water
1
Reducible Air-Dry Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.4 Samples containing organic solvents as the major vola-
tile component have not been evaluated and are not expected to
1.1 This test method may be used to measure the amount of
be compatible with this test method.
formaldehyde evolved from air-dry water reducible coatings
utilizing latices, resin emulsions, or water reducible alkyds.
5. Apparatus
The results may be used to define the “free” formaldehyde
evolved from a sample under controlled laboratory conditions. 5.1 Formaldehyde Collection Apparatus, assembled using a
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
flowmeter to control the nitrogen flow at ;1.0 L/min, a 25 by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 200 mm outside diameter long glass test tube, and two 30-mL
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
midget impingers. Connections are made with glass tubes
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
through a No. 4 two-hole rubber stopper and clear flexible
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tubing (see Fig. 1 ).
5.2 Drawdown Bar, stainless steel No. 22 wire-wound
2. Referenced Documents
6.4-mm rod.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Glass Sample Bottles,(;2 oz), capable of holding
D 2194 Test Method for Concentration of Formaldehyde
30-mL solution.
2
Solutions.
5.4 Spectrophotometer, capable of measuring the absor-
bance of solutions at 412 nm with a minimum sample light path
3. Summary of Test Method
of 10 mm.
3.1 A sample of water reducible coating is placed on the
walls of a test tube with a drawdown rod and purged with
6. Reagents
nitrogen. The evolved formaldehyde is collected in deionized
6.1 Acetylacetone Solution—Dissolve 150 6 0.1 g ammo-
water with tandem impingers and measured colorimetrically
nium acetate in ;600 mL deionized water in a 1-L volumetric
using acetylacetone at 412 nm.
flask. Add 3.0-mL glacial acetic acid and 2.0-mL acetylacetone
(2,4 pentanedione) and dilute to volume.
4. Significance and Use
6.2 Formaldehyde Solution —Use 37 % in methanol/water,
4.1 This test method measures the amount of formaldehyde
commercial stock standard solution. If a commercially cali-
that is released from a coating under laboratory conditions. The
brated 37 % standard solution is not being used, the concen-
amount of formaldehyde available for release from a coating
tration of formaldehyde may determined in accordance with
may vary depending on composition, and may decrease as the
Test Method D 2194. Then, the actual concentrations of the
sample ages.
working calibrations standards are to be calculated using the
4.2 This test method may be used for typical air dried paints
measured value.
where water is the major volatile material. The useful range is
estimated to be from 10 ppm to 1000 ppm formaldehyde in the
NOTE 1—Precaution: Formaldehyde, acetylacetone, and the other re-
sample. agents used in this test method are toxic or hazardous. Exposure to these
materials should be minimized. Consult the supplier’s Material Safety
4.3 Significant amounts of other volatile aldehydes, such as
Data Sheet for specific hazard information.
acetaldehyde, are reported to cause an interference with the
determination of formaldehyde. This limitation is not expected
6.3 Formaldehyde Calibration Standards—Prepare a 100-
to cause a problem for most common water reducible coatings.
ppm stock solution by diluting 25 uL of the 37 % formaldehyde
solution to 100 mL with deionized water. Dilute this interme-
diate stock solution to prepare at least 5 calibration standards.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint
Pipeting 0.5, 3, 5, 7 and 10 mL aliquots of the stock solution
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
into 100-mL volumetric flasks and diluting with deionized
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
water will prepare calibration standards of 0.5, 3, 5, 7 and 10
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1997. Published March 1998.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04. ppm formaldehyde.
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