ASTM D7923-17a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer Titration
Standard Test Method for Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer Titration
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Blends of fuel ethanol and hydrocarbon have a limited solvency for water that is dependent upon temperature and the ratio of ethanol to hydrocarbon. Good handling practices are important during the blending, storage, and transportation of fuel to avoid water contamination. High concentrations of water can cause haze or phase separation in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends and lead to freezing problems at low temperatures. Water has also been associated with corrosion and filter plugging.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water from 0.05 % to 5.0 % by mass in blends of ethanol, hydrocarbon, and corresponding blends. It is intended for measuring water content of gasoline or other hydrocarbon blendstock, denatured fuel ethanol as cited in Specification D4806, and ethanol fuel blends such as those cited in Specification D5798 and Practice D7794. This test method is not applicable to samples that are phase separated.
1.1.1 Procedure A—For measurement of water up to 2 % by mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using coulometric Karl Fischer titration. This is the referee method for samples containing up to 2 % water.
1.1.2 Procedure B—For measurement of water up to 5.4 % by mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using volumetric Karl Fischer titration.
1.2 This method measures mass percent water and allows for the alternative reporting of volume percent. This test method recommends the use of pyridine-free reagents.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D7923 − 17a
Standard Test Method for
Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer
1
Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7923; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water from 2.1 ASTM Standards:
0.05 % to 5.0 % by mass in blends of ethanol, hydrocarbon, D1152 Specification for Methanol (Methyl Alcohol)
and corresponding blends. It is intended for measuring water D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
contentofgasolineorotherhydrocarbonblendstock,denatured D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
fuel ethanol as cited in Specification D4806, and ethanol fuel Petroleum Products
blends such as those cited in Specification D5798 and Practice D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
D7794. This test method is not applicable to samples that are Fuels, and Lubricants
phase separated. D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
1.1.1 Procedure A—For measurement of water up to 2 % by Petroleum Products
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blend-
mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using coulometric
Karl Fischer titration. This is the referee method for samples ing with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition
Engine Fuel
containing up to 2 % water.
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-
1.1.2 Procedure B—For measurement of water up to 5.4 %
Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
by mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using volumetric
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
Karl Fischer titration.
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
1.2 This method measures mass percent water and allows
Measurement System Performance
for the alternative reporting of volume percent. This test
D6708 Practice for StatisticalAssessment and Improvement
method recommends the use of pyridine-free reagents.
of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D7794 Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel
standard.
BlendsforFlexible-FuelVehicleswithAutomotiveSpark-
Ignition Engines
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Titration
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulo-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
metric Karl Fischer Titration
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
tionary statements are given in Section 8.
3. Terminology
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1 For general terminology, refer to Terminology D4175.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.2 Definitions:
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.2.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
beverage use by the addition of denaturants under formula(s)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
approved by the applicable regulatory agency to prevent the
imposition of beverage alcohol tax. D4806
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published July 2017. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7923 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
D7923-17A. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7923 − 17a
3.2.2 hydrocarbon, n—a compound composed solely of generator electrode assembly, and magnetic stirrer. The instru-
hydrogen and carbon. D5798 ment is designed to coulometrically generate iodine that reacts
3.2.2.1 Discussion—The hydrocarbon mix
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7923 − 17 D7923 − 17a
Standard Test Method for
Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer
1
Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7923; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of water from 0.05 % to 5.0 % by mass in blends of ethanol, hydrocarbon, and
corresponding blends. It is intended for measuring water content of gasoline or other hydrocarbon blendstock, denatured fuel
ethanol as cited in Specification D4806, and ethanol fuel blends such as those cited in Specification D5798 and Practice D7794.
This test method is not applicable to samples that are phase separated.
1.1.1 Procedure A—For measurement of water up to 2 % by mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using coulometric Karl
Fischer titration. This is the referee method for samples containing up to 2 % ethanol.water.
1.1.2 Procedure B—For measurement of water up to 5.4 % by mass in ethanol and hydrocarbon blends using volumetric Karl
Fischer titration.
1.2 This method measures mass percent water and allows for the alternative reporting of volume percent. This test method
recommends the use of pyridine-free reagents.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1152 Specification for Methanol (Methyl Alcohol)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measure-
ment System Performance
D6708 Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport
to Measure the Same Property of a Material
D7794 Practice for Blending Mid-Level Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Vehicles with Automotive Spark-Ignition
Engines
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2017July 1, 2017. Published May 2017July 2017. Originally approved in 2016. Last previous edition approved in 20162017 as
D7923 – 16.D7923 – 17. DOI: 10.1520/D7923-17.10.1520/D7923-17A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7923 − 17a
3. Terminology
3.1 For general terminology, refer to Terminology D4175.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 denatured fuel ethanol, n—fuel ethanol made unfit for beverage use by the addition of denaturants under formula(s)
...
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