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ASTM D3498-03

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems

Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems

ABSTRACT
This specification covers minimum performance standards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhesives for field-gluing plywood to lumber framing for floor systems. The adhesive shall conform to the strength and durability properties prescribed. The different methods for specimen's preparation are presented in details. The shear strength, gap-filling effect on strength, and durability shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers minimum performance standards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhesives for bonding plywood to lumber framing, particularly floor joists, at the construction site.
1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring the quality of the adhesives and is not intended as an application specification.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-2003
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.70 - Construction Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D3498-01 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
Effective Date
10-Apr-2003
Replaced By
ASTM D3498-03(2011) - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
Effective Date
01-Jan-2011
Referred By
ASTM C1852-20 - Standard Guide for Product Selection/Delivery Systems for Aerosol Foam Sealants and Adhesives
Effective Date
10-Apr-2003

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ASTM D3498-03 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor SystemsASTM D3498-03 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
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ASTM D3498-03 - Standard Specification for Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for Floor Systems
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3498 – 03
Standard Specification for
Adhesives for Field-Gluing Plywood to Lumber Framing for
1
Floor Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3498; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D4783 Test Methods for Resistance of Adhesive Prepara-
tions in Container toAttack by Bacteria, Yeast, and Fungi
1.1 This specification covers minimum performance stan-
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
dards and test requirements for gap-filling construction adhe-
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
sives for bonding plywood to lumber framing, particularly
ASTM Test Methods
floor joists, at the construction site.
1.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring the
3. Terminology
quality of the adhesives and is not intended as an application
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this specification are de-
specification.
fined in Terminology D907.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.1 gap-filling adhesive, n—an adhesive capable of form-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
ing and maintaining a bond between surfaces that are not
information only.
close-fitting.
1.4 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the
3.1.1.1 Discussion—Close-fitting is relative to a given ma-
test method portion, Section 11, of this specification: This
terial and industry; for example, standards in construction
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
differ from standards in electronics. Some adhesives will bond
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
bybridgingwithoutcompletelyfillingthegap;othersbyfilling
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
the gap completely.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
3.1.2 open assembly time, n—the time interval between
tions prior to use.
applying adhesive on the subtrates and closing them together
2. Referenced Documents before bonding.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Significance and Use
D572 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and
4.1 This specification establishes test methods and perfor-
Oxygen
mance requirements for adhesives bonding plywood to wood
D905 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesive
framing members.
Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading
4.2 This specification provides a basis for ensuring the
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
3 quality of the adhesives.
D2016 Test Methods for Moisture Content of Wood
4.3 The tests provide shear strength performance data when
D4300 Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films to
the substrates are conditioned to simulate various conditions
Support or Resist the Growth of Fungi
that may occur during sub-floor adhesive application and
curing.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
4.4 The tests are suitable for product performance certifica-
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.70 on Construction
tion and quality control programs, and can be useful to the
Adhesives.
generalpublic,adhesivemanufacturers,distributors,specifiers,
Current edition approved April 10, 2003. Published June 2003. Originally
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3498–01. DOI: architects,contractors,testinglaboratoriesandotherbusinesses
10.1520/D3498-03.
and professionals.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.5 Theresultsdonotincludeallpossibleconditions,which
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
may occur during final assembly, but indicate a set of perfor-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
mance characteristics for laboratory controlled bonding vari-
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced
ables.
on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3498 – 03
5. Ordering Information 8. Sampling
5.1 The adhesive may be furnished by the manufacturer in 8.1 Arepresentative sample totaling not less than 1 qt (946
3
any suitable form agreeable to the purchaser. cm ) of the adhesive shall be taken from each lot to be tested.
8.2 For the purpose of sampling, a lot shall consist of
6. Materials material from the same batch or blending operation subject to
the same processing operations and conditions.
6.1 Theadhesiveshallbeagap-fillingconstructionadhesive
that sets at
...

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4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.  
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This specification covers liquid optical adhesive for use in bonding glass to glass or other transparent adherends. The adhesive shall be in liquid form and free of solvent in order to avoid bubble formation in the adhesive layer. Each component shall be completely reactive. The adhesive may be heat-, catalyst-, or radiation-cured. Voltatility, color, viscosity, foreign particle content, refractive index, stability, light transmission, glass doublet preparation, environmental test, and bond strength tests shall be performed in accordance with the specified requirements.
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Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
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ASTM D1582-98(2023)(Test Method)
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both.  
Note 1: Some low molecular weight materials in the adhesive may be lost if hardener is not used. When a hardener is used, it must be mixed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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ASTM D3930-08(2023)(Specification)
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ABSTRACT
This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.  
1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
Number  
Test  
Section  
1  
Low Temperature  
16  
2  
Dry Lumber  
17  
3  
Gap-Filling  
18  
4  
High Temperature  
19  
5  
Type 3 Qualification  
20  
6  
Type 2 Qualification  
21  
7  
Aging, Film Oxidation  
22  
8  
Aging, Bond Oxidation  
23  
9  
Resistance to Deformation, Creep  
24  
10  
Mold  
25  
11  
Type 1 Qualification  
26  
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Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Gap-Filling Adhesive Bonds in Shear by Compression Loading

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4.1 Structural design based on strength-of-materials principles requires knowledge of the mechanical properties of the structural components, including adhesives. By nature of their use, the most important property of adhesive is shear strength.  
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SCOPE
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ASTM D4680-98(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Creep and Time to Failure of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
4.2 Creep data can be used to (1) predict performance of an adhesive under long-term loading, (2) characterize an adhesive, (3) compare adhesives with each other and against specifications, and (4) design structural members fabricated with an adhesive.  
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4.5 This test method is a research tool intended for development or evaluation of new adhesives and new product designs. The researcher may select from suggested tests those that are appropriate. However, creep and time-to-failure tests are nonroutine and can be time-consuming and expensive, so tests must be selected with care.  
4.6 The apparatus and procedures may be suitable for measuring creep properties of adhesives on substrates other than wood, such as metal, plastic, and glass, but such considerations are not within the scope of this test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of time-dependent properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when specimens are subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for direct measurement of time-dependent shear deformation (creep) and time to failure of adhesive bonds under static load. Guidelines for selecting test conditions, methods for calculating creep rate, creep strain, creep modulus, and extrapolation of time to failure, are given along with methods of presenting these data.  
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ASTM D4300-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Ability of Adhesive Films to Support or Resist the Growth of Fungi

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are designed to be used to determine the susceptibility of the adhesive film to biodegradation and whether the adhesive will carry into the bond line sufficient anti-fungal properties to prevent growth of fungi frequently present on the gluing equipment, on adherends, or in the adhesive as applied.  
4.2 Potato dextrose agar (PDA) provides a complete medium for the growth of fungi, while mineral salts agar (MSA) lacks a carbohydrate source and provides a less favorable medium. Use of PDA tests the adhesive film for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface as well as its ability to repel a copious growth of fungi on the adjacent agar surface. Use of MSA tests the adhesive film primarily for its ability to resist the growth of fungi on its surface. When it is used, there is a reduced possibility that the growth from the agar will be mis-read as coming from the adhesive film, since fungal growth on the adjacent agar will be scant.
Note 2: The method given here using the MSA is based on Practice G21, adapted to be used with adhesives. Requirements for the use of the MSA are described in 10.2, and a mixed species of fungi is prescribed in 8.2 for the inoculum.  
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4.4 The efficacy of some biocides may change in storage due to the chemical and thermal environment to which they are subjected as components of certain adhesi...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods test the ability of adhesive films to inhibit or support the growth of selected fungal species growing on agar plates by providing means of testing the films on two agar substrates, one which promotes microbial growth, and one which does not.  
1.2 These test methods are not appropriate for all adhesives. The activity of certain biocides may not be demonstrated by these test methods as a result of irreversible reaction with some of the medium constituents.  
Note 1: As an example, quaternary ammonium compounds are inactivated by agar.  
1.3 A test method is included for use with low-viscosity adhesives along with an alternative method for use with mastic-type adhesives.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
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ASTM D1062-08(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Cleavage Strength of Metal-to-Metal Adhesive Bonds

ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage strength properties of metal-to-metal adhesive bonds. The testing machine shall be capable of maintaining the rate of loading and shall compose of fixed member, movable member, and grips. Test specimens shall consist of metal pieces glued together according to the prescribed dimensions indicated in this standard method. Recommended metal specimens are the following: brass, copper, aluminum, steel, and phosphor bronze. Bonding and conditioning of specimen shall be done according to the procedure specified by the manufacturer of the adhesive. Testing procedure shall be in accordance to the load rate limits specified in this standard method. Cleavage strength shall be expressed in pounds per inch and shall be reported in three significant figures in addition to the following information: adhesive identification, preparation method, adhesive layer thickness, conditioning procedure used, testing room condition, specimen number, and loading rate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the comparative cleavage properties of adhesive bonds when tested on standard shape metal specimens under specified conditions of preparation and testing. It may be used also to compare adhesives used with other metallic materials having any specified surface treatment.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D3929-03(2023)(Test Method)
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5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
5.2 The detection of cracks or crazes may be determined with or without optical aid. Make comparisons only among tests employing crack detection methods of equivalent sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determining the compatibility of adhesives with plastics based on whether the adhesive causes cracking of stressed samples.  
1.2 Specimen configurations and test fixture designs are given.  
1.3 This test method is suitable for products in the form of sheet or strip. It can also be used on injection molded tensile specimens or flexural bars.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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