ASTM G65-00

Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the dry sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this test method to produce data that will reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.  
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimetres for the particular test procedure specified. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower volume loss.  
Note 1--In order to attain uniformity among laboratories, it is the intent of this test method to require that volume loss due to abrasion be reported only in the metric system as cubic millimetres. 1 mm3 = 6.102 X 10-5in3.  
1.3 This test method covers four recommended procedures which are appropriate for specific degrees of wear resistance or thicknesses of the test material.  
1.3.1 Procedure A -This is a relatively severe test which will rank metallic materials on a wide volume loss scale from low to extreme abrasion resistance. It is particularly useful in ranking materials of medium to extreme abrasion resistance.  
1.3.2  Procedure B -A short-term variation of Procedure A. It may be used for highly abrasive resistant materials but is particularly useful in the ranking of medium- and low-abrasive-resistant materials. Procedure B should be used when the volume-loss values developed by Procedure A exceeds 100 mm3.
1.3.3  Procedure C -A short-term variation of Procedure A for use on thin coatings.  
1.3.4  Procedure D -This is a lighter load variation of Procedure A which is particularly useful in ranking materials of low-abrasion resistance. It is also used in ranking materials of a specific generic type or materials which would be very close in the volume loss rates as developed by Procedure A.  
1.3.5 Procedure E -A short-term variation of Procedure B that is useful in the ranking of materials with medium- or low-abrasion resistance.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2000
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.30 - Abrasive Wear

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM G65-00e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2000

Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: G 65 – 00
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Using the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel
1
Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G 65; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—This standard was previously named in error as G 65–00a
1. Scope a specific generic type or materials which would be very close
in the volume loss rates as developed by Procedure A.
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-
1.3.5 Procedure E—A short-term variation of Procedure B
termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching
that is useful in the ranking of materials with medium- or
abrasion by means of the dry sand/rubber wheel test. It is the
low-abrasion resistance.
intent of this test method to produce data that will reproducibly
1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safety
rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
a specified set of conditions.
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
cubic millimetres for the particular test procedure specified.
limitations prior to use.
Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower
volume loss.
2. Referenced Documents
NOTE 1—In order to attain uniformity among laboratories, it is the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
intent of this test method to require that volume loss due to abrasion be
D 2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer
reported only in the metric system as cubic millimetres. 1
2
3
Hardness
−5 3
mm = 6.102 3 10 in .
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
1.3 This test method covers five recommended procedures 3
poses
which are appropriate for specific degrees of wear resistance or
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a
thicknesses of the test material. 3
Measure of Quality for a Lot or Process
1.3.1 Procedure A—This is a relatively severe test which
E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
will rank metallic materials on a wide volume loss scale from 3
ASTM Test Methods
low to extreme abrasion resistance. It is particularly useful in
4
G 40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
ranking materials of medium to extreme abrasion resistance.
2.2 American Foundrymen’s Society Standards:
1.3.2 Procedure B—A short-term variation of Procedure A.
5
AFS Foundry Sand Handbook, 7th Edition
It may be used for highly abrasive resistant materials but is
particularly useful in the ranking of medium- and low-
3. Terminology
abrasive-resistant materials. Procedure B should be used when
3.1 Definition:
the volume–loss values developed by Procedure A exceeds 100
3.1.1 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard
3
mm .
protuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface
1.3.3 Procedure C—A short-term variation of Procedure A
(Terminology G 40).
for use on thin coatings.
NOTE 2—This definition covers several different wear modes or mecha-
1.3.4 Procedure D—This is a lighter load variation of
nisms that fall under the abrasive wear category. These modes may
Procedure A which is particularly useful in ranking materials of
low-abrasion resistance. It is also used in ranking materials of
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02.
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive 5
Available from American Foundrymen’s Society, Golf and Wolf Roads, Des
Wear.
Plaines, IL 60016.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published November 2000. Originally
e1
published as G 65 – 80. Last previous edition G 65 – 94 (2000) .
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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G65–00
degrade a surface by scratching, cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and
duplicate all of the process conditions (abrasive size, shape,
6
6).
pressure, impact, or corrosive elements), it should not be used
to predict the exact resistance of a given material in a specific
4. Summary of Test Method
environment. Its value lies in predicting the ranking of mate-
4.1 The dry sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) in-
rials in a similar relative order of merit as would occur in an
volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a grit of
abrasive environment. Volume loss data obtained from test
controlled size and composition. The abrasive is introduced
materials whose lives are unknown in a
...