iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM F3499-21

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs

Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
7.1 A-UGVs operate in a wide range of applications such as manufacturing facilities and warehouses. The testing results of the candidate A-UGV shall describe, in a statistically significant way, the ability of the A-UGV to position itself at a fixed location or relative to a dock. This test method defines tests for use by manufacturers and users of A-UGVs to measure and record the docking performance. The test applies to different types of A-UGV, applications and test apparatus.  
7.2 Navigation—The test applies to all types of navigation. The capabilities of the A-UGV to apply its navigation method to a given environment will be objectively determined by its performance in the test.  
7.3 Vehicle—The test results of the candidate A-UGV will confirm, in a statistically significant way, how reliably an A-UGV arrives at a dock from one or more start locations. Refer to Test Method F3244 for typical vehicle configurations.  
7.4 Apparatus—The test method is scalable, using similar apparatus to interface to different A-UGVs.  
7.5 Defining a Successful Test—The probability that a repetition will be successful (R) and the confidence (C) in that probability are used to identify how many sequential successful repetitions are required to pass a test. The test requestor shall define these values and record them on the test report (see Appendix X1 Table X1.1).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines standard tests that demonstrate and confirm positioning of an A-UGV. Positioning, the repeatability of A-UGV location when stationary after completing maneuvers to a stop location, may be defined globally or locally relative to local infrastructure. The latter has become known as docking. See Terminology F3200-18a for terminology definitions. The test also includes a method to confirm the repeatability of height control of load transfer equipment, for example an A-UGV with fork tines.  
1.2 This test method is intended for use by A-UGV manufacturers, installers, and users to quantitatively confirm the maneuverability and repeatability of an A-UGV’s positioning or docking. Positioning and docking are similar operations and the tests described are applicable to either. The term docking will be used throughout this test method to include both global positioning and local docking. The tests facilitate comparative trials across a set of A-UGVs or multiple trials over a period of time.  
1.3 The tests can be carried out by many vehicles using different methods of location measurement and control to achieve the demanded performance. Vehicle configurations and vehicle components include:  
1.3.1 Vehicle load type (for example, fork lift, roller deck, trailer, flat deck);  
1.3.2 Vehicle drive mechanics (for example, steered tricycle, two-wheel differential, steered omni-directional or ‘mecanum wheel’ drives);  
1.3.3 Navigation sensors (for example, scanning laser, local beacons, floor marking, environmental features);  
1.3.4 Docking sensors (sensors, for example, camera, line detector, and laser scanner, which are used primarily for local measurement at the dock).  
1.4 The A-UGV may include roller tables, fork tines, robot arm(s) or other mechanisms to transfer the load or interact with the dock (for example, perform assembly). The standard test can be applied to A-UGVs with any of these load transfer mechanisms. The repeatability along each measured axis is measured and compared to a defined repeatability margin. The set of repeatability margins comprises the complete task performance margin (TPM).  
1.5 This test method shall be performed in a testing laboratory or the location where the specified apparatus and environmental conditions are implemented. Environmental conditions shall be recorded as specified in Practice F3218-17.  
1.6 Standard test apparatus is specified to be easily fabricated, facilitating self-evaluation by A-UGV developers and users, and providing practice for A-UGV developers, u...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Dec-2020
ICS
35.240.50 - IT applications in industry
53.060 - Industrial trucks
Technical Committee
F45 - Robotics, Automation, and Autonomous Systems
Drafting Committee
F45.02 - A-UGV Docking and Navigation
Current Stage
Ref Project

Buy Standard

ASTM F3499-21 - Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVsASTM F3499-21 - Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM F3499-21 - Standard Test Method for Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs
English language
25 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F3499 −21
Standard Test Method for
1
Confirming the Docking Performance of A-UGVs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3499; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Defined, repeatable control of the location and trajectory of automatic, automated, or autonomous
- unmanned ground vehicles (A-UGVs) is crucial to the installation and operation of such vehicles in
industrial environments. A test specification that confirms the repeatability with which an A-UGV is
able to move to and align with a dock, from different approach trajectories, is an essential tool for the
design of both the A-UGV system layout and the mechanical and electronic interfaces required at
typical docking infrastructures. The methods in this standard describe tests forA-UGV manufacturers
and users that will demonstrate and confirm vehicle operational repeatability when aligning with a
docking location. The confidence of such repeatability is gained by performing a large number of
repetitions between start and goal. A minimum of 29 successful, consecutive repetitions are required
to complete the test. A test is successful if there are no failures.
1. Scope 1.3.2 Vehicle drive mechanics (for example, steered
tricycle, two-wheel differential, steered omni-directional or
1.1 This test method defines standard tests that demonstrate
‘mecanum wheel’ drives);
and confirm positioning of anA-UGV. Positioning, the repeat-
1.3.3 Navigation sensors (for example, scanning laser, local
ability of A-UGV location when stationary after completing
beacons, floor marking, environmental features);
maneuvers to a stop location, may be defined globally or
locally relative to local infrastructure. The latter has become 1.3.4 Docking sensors (sensors, for example, camera, line
known as docking. See Terminology F3200-18a for terminol- detector, and laser scanner, which are used primarily for local
ogy definitions. The test also includes a method to confirm the measurement at the dock).
repeatability of height control of load transfer equipment, for
1.4 The A-UGV may include roller tables, fork tines, robot
example an A-UGV with fork tines.
arm(s)orothermechanismstotransfertheloadorinteractwith
1.2 This test method is intended for use by A-UGV
the dock (for example, perform assembly). The standard test
manufacturers, installers, and users to quantitatively confirm
can be applied to A-UGVs with any of these load transfer
the maneuverability and repeatability of anA-UGV’s position-
mechanisms. The repeatability along each measured axis is
ing or docking. Positioning and docking are similar operations
measured and compared to a defined repeatability margin. The
and the tests described are applicable to either. The term
set of repeatability margins comprises the complete task
docking will be used throughout this test method to include
performance margin (TPM).
both global positioning and local docking. The tests facilitate
1.5 This test method shall be performed in a testing labo-
comparative trials across a set of A-UGVs or multiple trials
ratory or the location where the specified apparatus and
over a period of time.
environmental conditions are implemented. Environmental
1.3 The tests can be carried out by many vehicles using
conditions shall be recorded as specified in Practice F3218-17.
different methods of location measurement and control to
1.6 Standard test apparatus is specified to be easily
achievethedemandedperformance.Vehicleconfigurationsand
fabricated, facilitating self-evaluation by A-UGV developers
vehicle components include:
and users, and providing practice for A-UGV developers,
1.3.1 Vehicle load type (for example, fork lift, roller deck,
users, and potential users that exercise A-UGV actuators,
trailer, flat deck);
sensors, and controls.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F45 on
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Driverless Automatic Guided Industrial Vehicles and is the direct responsibility of
standard. Where shown, the values in parentheses are approxi-
Subcommittee F45.02 on Docking and Navigation.
mate mathematical conversions to inch-pound units given for
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2021. Published January 2021. DOI: 10.1520/
F3499-21. the purpose of specifying material dimensions or quantities.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM F3243-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A-UGVs operate in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications that include many communications challenges that can affect A-UGV control and monitoring. An A-UGV system or A-UGVS as defined in Terminology F3200 includes the A-UGV and all associated components, equipment, software, and communications necessary to make a fully functional system. Communications impairments can cause: (1) changes in A-UGV operation, (2) changes in behavior in system components such as control and scheduling, or (3) changes in operation or timing of infrastructure equipment coordination. This practice is intended to record the task performance of an A-UGV while communications are impaired in a specified and repeatable manner (for example, standard test method).  
4.2 Communications impairments can occur at a variety of locations within the A-UGVS. The network topology in Fig. 1 shows many of the common communications links that could be impaired. The numbered arrows in Fig. 1 label different places where communications impairments could occur. The box colors (that is, green, red, blue) indicate different types of impairments where the two red boxes are similar to each other. Fig. 1 will be used throughout this practice and included on the test report for use in describing the test setup and results by the test supervisor.  
FIG. 1 Block Diagram of Communications for Control/Monitoring of A-UGVs and Associated Facility Equipment in which Numbers with Arrows Indicate Examples of Communications Impairment Locations  
4.3 The requested expected results provide pass/fail reporting criteria along with recorded notes pertinent to the test or results or both. It is possible that the communications impairments used will have no noticeable effect, and this is often the desired outcome.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice considers impairments of communications within an automatic, automated, or autonomous unmanned ground vehicle (A­UGV) system during task execution. An A-UGV system typically uses communications between an A-UGV and fixed system components and resources, such as off-board control, job and fleet scheduling, infrastructure equipment interactions, or cloud-computing programs for tasks. Communications impairments can cause an A-UGV operation to change in various ways that can include delays or failure to complete the task.  
1.2 This practice is designed for applying known communications impairments to an A-UGV system in conjunction with A-UGV task testing. It is designed to create similar changes in communications that can possibly cause task performance limiting effects that are often experienced by an A-UGV system in different environments.  
1.3 This practice is intended to simulate impairments that may be present during the operation of an A-UGV system. This practice can be used, for example, by a manufacturer to indicate that system performance was tested to be robust against specific test communications impairments. The tests are not intended to test situations that should be eliminated during system installation, for example, a duplicate internet protocol (IP) address on the network.  
1.4 This practice only describes communications impairments. It does not specify an A-UGV task. The A-UGV task should be a defined ASTM International test method or task description in similar detail.  
1.5 This practice defines methods to record communications impairment types and extents while the A-UGV is stationary or performs a task. Temporal or spatial extents in which communications impairments occur include the timing, duration, location within the task, or other triggered events. Examples for implementing common communications impairments are provided.  
1.6 This practice is not intended for:  
1.6.1 Communications impairments between onboard components of an A-UGV, for example, onboard sensors-to-onboard computers.  
1.6.2 Communications or measurement impairments directly affecting external reference or p...

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3243-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Implementing Communications Impairments on A-UGV Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A-UGVs operate in a wide range of indoor and outdoor applications that include many communications challenges that can affect A-UGV control and monitoring. An A-UGV system or A-UGVS as defined in Terminology F3200 includes the A-UGV and all associated components, equipment, software, and communications necessary to make a fully functional system. Communications impairments can cause: (1) changes in A-UGV operation, (2) changes in behavior in system components such as control and scheduling, or (3) changes in operation or timing of infrastructure equipment coordination. This practice is intended to record the task performance of an A-UGV while communications are impaired in a specified and repeatable manner (for example, standard test method).  
4.2 Communications impairments can occur at a variety of locations within the A-UGVS. The network topology in Fig. 1 shows many of the common communications links that could be impaired. The numbered arrows in Fig. 1 label different places where communications impairments could occur. The box colors (that is, green, red, blue) indicate different types of impairments where the two red boxes are similar to each other. Fig. 1 will be used throughout this practice and included on the test report for use in describing the test setup and results by the test supervisor.  
FIG. 1 Block Diagram of Communications for Control/Monitoring of A-UGVs and Associated Facility Equipment in which Numbers with Arrows Indicate Examples of Communications Impairment Locations  
4.3 The requested expected results provide pass/fail reporting criteria along with recorded notes pertinent to the test or results or both. It is possible that the communications impairments used will have no noticeable effect, and this is often the desired outcome.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice considers impairments of communications within an automatic, automated, or autonomous unmanned ground vehicle (A­UGV) system during task execution. An A-UGV system typically uses communications between an A-UGV and fixed system components and resources, such as off-board control, job and fleet scheduling, infrastructure equipment interactions, or cloud-computing programs for tasks. Communications impairments can cause an A-UGV operation to change in various ways that can include delays or failure to complete the task.  
1.2 This practice is designed for applying known communications impairments to an A-UGV system in conjunction with A-UGV task testing. It is designed to create similar changes in communications that can possibly cause task performance limiting effects that are often experienced by an A-UGV system in different environments.  
1.3 This practice is intended to simulate impairments that may be present during the operation of an A-UGV system. This practice can be used, for example, by a manufacturer to indicate that system performance was tested to be robust against specific test communications impairments. The tests are not intended to test situations that should be eliminated during system installation, for example, a duplicate internet protocol (IP) address on the network.  
1.4 This practice only describes communications impairments. It does not specify an A-UGV task. The A-UGV task should be a defined ASTM International test method or task description in similar detail.  
1.5 This practice defines methods to record communications impairment types and extents while the A-UGV is stationary or performs a task. Temporal or spatial extents in which communications impairments occur include the timing, duration, location within the task, or other triggered events. Examples for implementing common communications impairments are provided.  
1.6 This practice is not intended for:  
1.6.1 Communications impairments between onboard components of an A-UGV, for example, onboard sensors-to-onboard computers.  
1.6.2 Communications or measurement impairments directly affecting external reference or p...

  • Standard
    18 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A370-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The primary use of these test methods is testing to determine the specified mechanical properties of steel, stainless steel, and related alloy products for the evaluation of conformance of such products to a material specification under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 and its subcommittees as designated by a purchaser in a purchase order or contract.  
4.1.1 These test methods may be and are used by other ASTM Committees and other standards writing bodies for the purpose of conformance testing.  
4.1.2 The material condition at the time of testing, sampling frequency, specimen location and orientation, reporting requirements, and other test parameters are contained in the pertinent material specification or in a general requirement specification for the particular product form.  
4.1.3 Some material specifications require the use of additional test methods not described herein; in such cases, the required test method is described in that material specification or by reference to another appropriate test method standard.  
4.2 These test methods are also suitable to be used for testing of steel, stainless steel and related alloy materials for other purposes, such as incoming material acceptance testing by the purchaser or evaluation of components after service exposure.  
4.2.1 As with any mechanical testing, deviations from either specification limits or expected as-manufactured properties can occur for valid reasons besides deficiency of the original as-fabricated product. These reasons include, but are not limited to: subsequent service degradation from environmental exposure (for example, temperature, corrosion); static or cyclic service stress effects, mechanically-induced damage, material inhomogeneity, anisotropic structure, natural aging of select alloys, further processing not included in the specification, sampling limitations, and measuring equipment calibration uncertainty. There is statistical variation in all aspects of mechanical testin...
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods2 cover procedures and definitions for the mechanical testing of steels, stainless steels, and related alloys. The various mechanical tests herein described are used to determine properties required in the product specifications. Variations in testing methods are to be avoided, and standard methods of testing are to be followed to obtain reproducible and comparable results. In those cases in which the testing requirements for certain products are unique or at variance with these general procedures, the product specification testing requirements shall control.  
1.2 The following mechanical tests are described:    
Sections  
Tension  
7 to 14  
Bend  
15  
Hardness  
16  
Brinell  
17  
Rockwell  
18  
Portable  
19  
Impact  
20 to 30  
Keywords  
32  
1.3 Annexes covering details peculiar to certain products are appended to these test methods as follows:    
Annex  
Bar Products  
Annex A1  
Tubular Products  
Annex A2  
Fasteners  
Annex A3  
Round Wire Products  
Annex A4  
Significance of Notched-Bar Impact Testing  
Annex A5  
Converting Percentage Elongation of Round Specimens to
Equivalents for Flat Specimens  
Annex A6    
Testing Multi-Wire Strand  
Annex A7  
Rounding of Test Data  
Annex A8  
Methods for Testing Steel Reinforcing Bars  
Annex A9  
Procedure for Use and Control of Heat-cycle Simulation  
Annex A10  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When these test methods are referenced in a metric product specification, the yield and tensile values may be determined in inch-pound (ksi) units then converted into SI (MPa) units. The elongation determined in inch-pound gauge lengths of 2 in. or 8 in. may be report...

  • Standard
    51 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    51 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F3565-23(Practice)
Standard Practice for Electrofusion Joining Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Pressure Pipe Service

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Using the procedures and apparatus in Sections 8 and 9 and the manufacturer's instructions, pressure-tight joints as strong as the pipe itself can be made between manufacturer-recommended combinations of pipe and fittings. See Specification F1055 for performance requirements of polyethylene electrofusion fittings.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedures for making joints suitable for pressure service with polyethylene (PE) pipe and fittings by means of electrofusion joining techniques in, but not limited to, a field environment. Other suitable electrofusion joining procedures are available from various sources including fitting manufacturers. This standard does not purport to address all possible electrofusion joining procedures, or to preclude the use of qualified procedures developed by other parties that have been proven to produce reliable electrofusion joints. (Note 1)
Note 1: Reference to the manufacturer in this practice refers to the electrofusion fitting manufacturer.  
1.2 The parameters and procedure are applicable only to joining polyethylene pipe and fittings (Note 2) which are intended for PE fuel gas pipe per Specification D2513 and PE potable water, sewer and industrial pipe manufactured per Specification F714, Specification D3035, Specification F2619, and AWWA C901 and C906.
Note 2: Commercially available materials classified with a thermoplastic pipe material designation code beginning with PE 14, PE 23, PE 24, PE 27, PE 33, PE 34, PE 36, and PE 46, and PE 47 in accordance with Specification D3350 and Terminology F412 are generally acceptable for electrofusion joining using this practice. Consult with the pipe or fitting manufacturer for specific compatibility information.  
1.3 Parts that are within the dimensional tolerances given in present ASTM specifications are required to produce sound joints between polyethylene pipe and fittings when using the joining techniques described in this practice.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The text of this practice references notes, footnotes, and appendices which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the practice.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5141-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Filtering Efficiency and Flow Rate of the Filtration Component of a Sediment Retention Device

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to determine the filtering efficiency and flow rate of the filtration component of a sediment retention device, such as a silt fence, a silt barrier, or a silt curtain, for specific soil tested.  
5.2 This test method may be used for the design of the filtration component of a sediment retention device to meet requirements of regulatory agencies in filtering efficiency or flow rate for the specific soil tested.  
5.2.1 The designer can use this test method to determine the spacing between sediment retention devices.  
5.3 This test method is intended for performance evaluation, as the results will depend on the specific soil evaluated. Unless testing with the default soil is desired, it is recommended that the user or representative perform the test to pre-approve products, as sediment retention device manufacturers are not typically equipped to handle or test soil requirements.  
5.4 This test method provides a means of evaluating the filtration component of sediment retention devices with different soils under various conditions that simulate the conditions that exist in a sediment retention device installation. This test method may be used to simulate several storm events on the same sediment retention device specimen. Therefore, the number of times this test is repeated per specimen is dependent upon the user and the site conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is used to determine the filtering efficiency and the flow rate of the filtration component of a sediment retention device, such as a silt fence, silt barrier, or inlet protector.  
1.1.1 The results are shown as a percentage for filtering efficiency and cubic metres per square metre per minute (m3/m2/min) or gallons per square foot per minute (gal/ft2/min) for flow rate.  
1.1.2 The filtering efficiency indicates the percent of sediment removed from sediment-laden water.  
1.1.3 The flow rate is the average rate of passage of the sediment-laden water through the filtration component of a sediment retention device.  
1.2 This test method requires several specialized pieces of equipment, such as an integrated water sampler and an analytical balance, or a vacuum filtration system. At the client’s discretion, the test soil is either a site-specific soil or a soil that is representative of a target default gradation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are the standard, while the inch-pound units are provided for information. The values expressed in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other, without combining values in any way.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F2647-07(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Approved Methods of Installing a CVS (Central Vacuum System)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The suggestions of this guide are intended to provide proper installation materials and practices to be used during the installation of a central-vacuum system.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide demonstrates proper methods for installing a central-vacuum system.  
1.2 Appendix X1 contains additional sources of information that may be helpful to the user of this guide.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Guide
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM F2886-17(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Metal Injection Molded Cobalt-28Chromium-6Molybdenum Components for Surgical Implant Applications

ABSTRACT
This specification covers chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical general requirements for metal injection molded (MIM) cobalt-28chromium-6molybddenum components to be used in manufacturing surgical implants. In this specification, the MIM components covered may have been densified beyond their as-sintered density by post-sinter processing. For the chemical requirements, the components supplied in this specification must conform in accordance to the chemical requirements specified herein in Table 1. The product analysis tolerances must also conform to the product tolerances presented in Table 2. The specification also enumerates the mechanical requirements for MIM components wherein the tensile properties of the MIM must conform to the mechanical properties in Table 3. The microstructural requirements and specimen preparation shall be in accordance with Guide E3 and Practice E407.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers chemical, mechanical, and metallurgical requirements for metal injection molded (MIM) cobalt-28chromium-6molybdenum components to be used in the manufacture of surgical implants  
1.2 The MIM components covered by this specification may have been densified beyond their as-sintered density by post-sinter processing.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    5 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM A480/A480M-23a(Specification)
Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ABSTRACT
This specification covers general requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet, and strip. The steel shall be made by one of the following processes: electric-arc, electric-induction, or other suitable processes. Heat and product analyses shall conform to the chemical requirements for each of the specific elements. The material shall undergo mechanical tests such as tension test, hardness test, and bend test. Special tests like intergranular corrosion test, permeability test, Charpy impact testing and tests for detrimental intermetallic phases in wrought duplex stainless steels shall be also be performed when required.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers a group of general requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order or in an individual specification, shall apply to rolled steel plate, sheet, and strip, under each of the following specifications issued by ASTM: Specifications A240/A240M, A263, A264, A265, A666, A693, A793, and A895.  
1.2 In the case of conflict between a requirement of a product specification and a requirement of this specification, the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflict between a requirement of the product specification or a requirement of this specification and a more stringent requirement of the purchase order, the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence if they, in any way, violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example, by waiving a test requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets, except that when A480M is specified, Annex A3 shall apply for the dimensional tolerances and not the bracketed SI values in Annex A2. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifications are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation [SI units], the material shall be furnished in inch-pound units.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    26 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    26 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM E2552-23(Guide)
Standard Guide for Assessing the Environmental and Human Health Impacts of New Compounds for Military Use

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide a logical, tiered approach in the development of environmental health criteria coincident with level and effort in the research, development, testing, and evaluation of new materials for military use. Various levels of uncertainty are associated with data collected from previous stages. Following the recommendation in the guide should reduce the relative uncertainty of the data collected at each developmental stage. At each stage, a general weight of evidence qualifier shall accompany each exposure/effect relationship. They may be simple (for example, low, medium, or high confidence) or sophisticated using a numerical value for each predictor as a multiplier to ascertain relative confidence in each step of risk characterization. The specific method used will depend on the stage of development, quantity and availability of data, variation in the measurement, and general knowledge of the dataset. Since specific formulations, conditions, and use scenarios may not be known until the later stages, exposure estimates can be determined when practical (for example, Engineering and Manufacturing Development; see 6.6). Exposure data can then be used with other toxicological data collected from previous stages in a quantitative risk assessment to determine the relative degree of hazard.  
5.2 Data developed from the use of this guide are designed to be consistent with criteria required in weapons and weapons system development (for example, programmatic environment, safety and occupational health evaluations, environmental assessments/environmental impact statements, toxicity clearances, and technical data sheets).  
5.3 Information shall be evaluated in a flexible manner consistent with the needs of the authorizing program. This requires proper characterization of the current problem. For example, compounds may be ranked relative to the environmental criteria of the prospective alternatives, the replacement compound, and within bo...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to determine the relative environmental influence of new substances, consistent with the research and development (R&D) level of effort and is intended to be applied in a logical, tiered manner that parallels both the available funding and the stage of research, development, testing, and evaluation. Specifically, conservative assumptions, relationships, and models are recommended early in the research stage, and as the technology is matured, empirical data will be developed and used. Munition constituents are included and may include propellants, oxidizers, explosives, binders, stabilizers, metals, dyes, and other compounds used in the formulation to produce a desired effect. Munition systems range from projectiles, grenades, rockets/missiles, training simulators, to smokes and obscurants. Given the complexity of issues involved in the assessment of environmental fate and effects and the diversity of the systems used, this guide is broad in scope and not intended to address every factor that may be important in an environmental context. Rather, it is intended to reduce uncertainty at minimal cost by considering the most important factors related to human health and environmental impacts of energetic materials. This guide provides an outline for collecting data useful in a relative ranking procedure to provide the systems scientist with a sound basis for prospectively determining a selection of candidates based on environmental and human health criteria. The general principles in this guide are applicable to substances other than energetics if intended to be used in a similar manner with similar exposure profiles.  
1.2 The scope of this guide includes:  
1.2.1 Energetic and other new/novel materials and compositions in all stages of research, development, test and evaluation.  
1.2.2 Environmental assessment, including:
1.2.2.1 Human and ecological effects of the unexploded energetics and ...

  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D8042-18(2023)(Test Method)
Test Method for Shrinkage Temperature of Wet Blue and Wet White

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is designed to determine the temperature at which the Wet Blue or Wet White specimen experiences shrinkage. In this test method, shrinkage occurs as a result of hydrothermal denaturation of the collagen protein molecules which make up the fiber structure of the Wet Blue or Wet White. The shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is influenced by many different factors, most of which appear to affect the number and nature of crosslinking interactions between adjacent polypeptide chains of the collagen protein molecules. The value of the shrinkage temperature of Wet Blue or Wet White is commonly used as an indicator of the type of tannage or the degree of tannage, or both, of that particular Wet Blue or Wet White (especially for the more hydrothermally stable tannages such as chrome tannage).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the shrinkage temperature of all types of Wet Blue and Wet White. The heating medium is water when the shrinkage temperature is at or below 98 °C. The heating medium is a glycerine-water solution when the shrinkage temperature is above 98 °C.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off