iTeh StandardsiTeh Standards
EURUSD
Your shopping cart is empty.
ASTM

ASTM D2598-02(2007)

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis

Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the approximate determination of the following physical characteristics of commercial propane and special-duty propane (covered by Specification D 1835): vapor pressure, relative density, and motor octane number (MON).
1.2 This practice is not applicable to any product exceeding specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test Method D 2158.)
1.3 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.
1.4 For calculated motor octane number in method, this practice is based on mixtures containing only components shown in Table 1.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2007
ICS
75.160.30 - Gaseous fuels
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.H0 - Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2598-02 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM F2201-20 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Utility Lighters
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D6667-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D2163-23e1 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by Gas Chromatography
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D1835-22 - Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM F400-20 - Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Lighters
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007
Referred By
ASTM D7756-19 - Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases by Gas Chromatography with Liquid, On-Column Injection
Effective Date
01-Jul-2007

Buy Standard

ASTM D2598-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional AnalysisASTM D2598-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
PreviousNext
Standard
ASTM D2598-02(2007) - Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
English language
2 pages
sale 15% off
Preview
sale 15% off
Preview

Standards Content (Sample)


NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2598 −02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Practice for
Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied
Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2598; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Lighter Hydrocarbons to Gas-Volume, Liquid-Volume, or
Mass Basis
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the
approximate determination of the following physical charac-
3. Summary of Practice
teristics of commercial propane and special-duty propane
3.1 The composition of a sample of LP-gas is obtained by
(covered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative
density, and motor octane number (MON). using Test Method D2163 or other acceptable method. From
the analysis (expressed in liquid volume percent), the vapor
1.2 This practice is not applicable to any product exceeding
pressure, relative density, and motor octane number of the
specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test Method
sample may be determined.
D2158.)
3.2 Conversion of a compositional analysis from mole,
1.3 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is
gas-volume, or weight basis to liquid-volume is obtained by
applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.
using Practice D2421 or other suitable method.
1.4 For calculated motor octane number in method, this
practice is based on mixtures containing only components
4. Significance and Use
shown in Table 1.
4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property of
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
commercial propane and special duty propane that assures
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
adequate vaporization, safety, and compatibility with commer-
only.
cial appliances. Relative density, while not a specification
criterion, is necessary for determination of filling densities and
2. Referenced Documents
custody transfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in
2.1 ASTM Standards: determining the products’ suitability as a fuel for internal
D1267 Test Method for Gage Vapor Pressure of Liquefied combustion engines.
Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)
D1657 Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light 5. Calculation
Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
5.1 Calculated LP-Gas Vapor Pressure (see Test Method
D1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D1267):
D2158 Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum
5.1.1 Calculate the partial gage vapor pressure due to each
(LP) Gases
component in the mixture as follows:
D2163 Test Method for Analysis of Liquefied Petroleum
Partial gage vapor pressure 5 ~vp` 3C!/100 (1)
(LP) Gases and Propene Concentrates by Gas Chromatog-
raphy
where:
D2421 Practice for Interconversion of Analysis of C and
vp` = vapor pressure factor of specific component at 37.8°C
(100°F) (see Table 1), and
C = liquid volume percent of component in the mixture.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum
5.1.2 Add the partial gage vapor pressures due to all
Products and Lubricantsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.H0 on
Liquefied Petroleum Gas.
components, rounding to the nearest 7kPa (1psi). The total is
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
reported as the LP-gas vapor pressure of the sample, kPa gage
approv
...

Questions, Comments and Discussion

Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.

This May Also Interest You

ASTM
ASTM D1265-23a(Practice)
Standard Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Samples of liquefied petroleum gases are examined by various test methods to determine physical and chemical characteristics and conformance with specifications.  
5.2 Equipment described by this practice may be suitable for transportation of LPG samples, subject to applicable transportation regulations.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers equipment and procedures for obtaining a representative sample of specification Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), such as specified in Specification D1835, GPA 2140, and comparable international standards. This standard is applicable to flow-through cylinders with two valves and is not applicable to single valve cylinders or larger LPG sample containers such as those utilized for barbecue grills and/or forklift cylinders.  
1.2 This practice is suitable for obtaining representative samples for all routine tests for LP gases required by Specification D1835. In the event of a dispute involving sample integrity when sampling for testing against Specification D1835 requirements, Practice D3700 shall be used as the referee sampling procedure.  
1.3 This practice may also be used for other Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) products that are normally highly volatile, single phase materials (NGL mix, natural gasoline, field butane, etc.), defined in other industry specifications or contractual agreements, where use of open sample containers would risk the loss of volatile components. It is not intended for non-specification products that contain significant quantities of undissolved gases (N2, CO2), free water or other separated phases, such as raw or unprocessed gas/liquids mixtures and related materials. The same equipment can be used for these purposes, but additional precautions are generally needed to obtain representative samples of multiphase products (see Appendix X1 on Sampling Guidelines in Practice D3700).
Note 1: Practice D3700 describes a recommended practice for obtaining a representative sample of a light hydrocarbon fluid and the subsequent preparation of that sample for laboratory analysis when dissolved gases are present. Use of Practice D1265 will result in a small but predictable low bias for dissolved gases due to the liquid venting procedure to establish the 20 % minimum ullage.  
1.4 This practice includes recommendations for the location of a sample point in a line or vessel. It is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the sampling point is located so as to obtain a representative sample.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.5.1 Exception—Non-SI units are shown in parentheses for information only.  
1.6  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2420-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (Lead Acetate Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Liquefied petroleum gases and their products of combustion must not be unduly corrosive to the materials with which they come in contact. The potential personnel exposure hazards of H2S also make the detection and measurement of hydrogen sulfide important, even in low concentrations. In addition, in some cases the odor of the gases shall not be objectionable. (See Specification D1835 and GPA 2140.)
SCOPE
1.1 This test method2 covers the detection of hydrogen sulfide in liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. The sensitivity of the test is about 4 mg/m3 (0.15 to 0.2 grain of hydrogen sulfide per 100 ft3) of gas.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2384-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Traces of Volatile Chlorides in Butane-Butene Mixtures

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 These test methods are used to determine trace amounts of volatile chlorides in butane-butene mixtures. Such information is valuable in cases where chloride is deleterious in the use of this product; also, chloride contributes to corrosion problems in processing units in instances where further processing of this material is involved.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the total volatile organic chlorides in concentrations from 10 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg in butane-butene mixtures. The amperometric finish is not directly applicable in the presence of other substances that combine with silver ion or oxidize chloride ion in dilute acid solution. Bromides, sulfides, ammonia, tobacco smoke, and more than 25 μg of hydrogen peroxide in the test solution interfere in the spectrophotometric procedure.  
1.2 Dissolved sodium chloride is not quantitatively determined using these test methods.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.   Specific warning statements are given in Sections 5, 8, 11, 14, 19, and Annex A1.  
1.4.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D5305-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethyl Mercaptan in LP-Gas Vapor

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 LP-gas is colorless and odorless, and not detectable by normal human senses. To provide an olfactory warning in the event of a leak, LP-gas intended for domestic or commercial fuel use is intentionally odorized so as to be readily detectable well below flammable or suffocating concentration levels of LP-gas in air. (See Appendix X1 for important explanations.) The most common odorant for LP-gas is ethyl mercaptan. The field use of this test method will rapidly determine the presence and concentration of ethyl mercaptan in LP-gas vapor without the necessity for complex laboratory equipment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a rapid and simple procedure using length-of-stain tubes for field measurement of ethyl mercaptan in the vapor phase of LP-gas systems. Although length-of-stain tubes are available to detect ethyl mercaptan concentrations in the range of 0.5 to 120 parts per million by volume, this test method is specifically applicable to systems containing 5 ppm by volume or more of ethyl mercaptan in LP-gas vapors.  
Note 1: A chromatographic technique can be used for more precise, quantitative determination of ethyl mercaptan in LP-gas.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1267-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Gauge Vapor Pressure of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases (LP-Gas Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Information on the vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products under temperature conditions from 37.8 °C to 70 °C (100 °F to 158 °F) is pertinent to selection of properly designed storage vessels, shipping containers, and customer utilization equipment to ensure safe handling of these products.  
5.2 Determination of the vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gas is important for safety reasons to ensure that the maximum operating design pressures of storage, handling, and fuel systems will not be exceeded under normal operating temperature conditions.  
5.3 For liquefied petroleum gases, vapor pressure can be considered a semi-quantitative measure of the amount of the most volatile material present in the product, and this can give an indication of low temperature operability.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the gauge vapor pressures of liquefied petroleum gas products at temperatures of 37.8 °C (100 °F) up to and including a test temperature of 70 °C (158 °F). (Warning—Extremely flammable gas. May be harmful when inhaled.)
Note 1: An alternative method for measurement of vapor pressure of liquefied petroleum gases is Test Method D6897.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 1.1 and Annex A2.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2163-23e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbons in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases and Propane/Propene Mixtures by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The hydrocarbon component distribution of liquefied petroleum gases and propene mixtures is often required for end-use sale of this material. Applications such as chemical feed stocks or fuel require precise compositional data to ensure uniform quality. Trace amounts of some hydrocarbon impurities in these materials can have adverse effects on their use and processing.  
5.2 The component distribution data of liquefied petroleum gases and propene mixtures can be used to calculate physical properties such as relative density, vapor pressure, and motor octane (see Practice D2598). Precision and accuracy of compositional data are extremely important when these data are used to calculate various properties of these petroleum products.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of individual hydrocarbons in liquefied petroleum (LP) gases and mixtures of propane and propene, excluding high-purity propene in the range of C1 to C5. Component concentrations are determined in the range of 0.01 % to 100 % by volume.  
1.2 This test method does not fully determine hydrocarbons heavier than C5 and non-hydrocarbon materials, and additional tests may be necessary to fully characterize an LPG sample.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4.1 The user is advised to obtain LPG safety training for the safe operation of this test method procedure and related activities.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D1835-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

ABSTRACT
This specification covers liquefied petroleum gases consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. The products are intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels. Care must be taken to in sampling of the liquefied gases for test results to be significant. All four types of liquefied petroleum gases covered by this specification should conform to the specified requirements for vapor pressure, volatile residue, residue matter, relative density, and corrosion.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers those products commonly referred to as liquefied petroleum gases, consisting of propane, propene (propylene), butane, and mixtures of these materials. Four basic types of liquefied petroleum gases are provided to cover the common use applications.  
1.2 This specification is applicable to products intended for use as domestic, commercial and industrial heating, and engine fuels.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3.1 The non-SI unit ‘psig’ is the standard unit for footnote C of Table 1 because that unit of measurement is widely used in North American industry.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Technical specification
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Technical specification
    6 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2158-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Residues in Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Control over the residue content (required by Specification D1835) is of considerable importance in end-use applications of LPG. In liquid feed systems, residues can lead to troublesome deposits and, in vapor withdrawal systems, residues that are carried over can foul regulating equipment. Residues that remain in vapor-withdrawal systems will accumulate, can be corrosive, and will contaminate subsequent product. Water, particularly if alkaline, can cause failure of regulating equipment and corrosion of metals.  
5.2 See Appendix X2 for information on the effect of temperature on the measurement of residue in LPG.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of extraneous materials weathering above 38 °C that are present in liquefied petroleum gases. The extraneous materials will generally be dissolved in the LPG, but may have phase-separated in some instances.  
1.2 Liquefied petroleum gases that contain certain anti-icing additives can give erroneous results by this test method.  
1.3 Although this test method has been used to verify cleanliness and lack of heavy contaminants in propane for many years, it might not be sensitive enough to protect some equipment from operational problems or increased maintenance. A more sensitive test, able to detect lower levels of dissolved contaminants, could be required for some applications.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    7 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D2598-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Calculation of Certain Physical Properties of Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases from Compositional Analysis

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Vapor pressure is an important specification property of commercial propane, special duty propane, propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane that assures adequate vaporization, safety, and compatibility with commercial appliances. Relative density, while not a specification criterion, is necessary for determination of filling densities and custody transfer. The motor octane number (MON) is useful in determining the products' suitability as a fuel for internal combustion engines.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers, by compositional analysis, the approximate determination of the following physical characteristics of commercial propane, special-duty propane, commercial propane/butane mixtures, and commercial butane (covered by Specification D1835): vapor pressure, relative density, and motor octane number (MON).  
1.1.1 This practice is not applicable to any product exceeding specifications for nonvolatile residues. (See Test Method D2158.)  
1.1.2 For calculating motor octane number, this practice is applicable only to mixtures containing 20 % or less of propene.  
1.1.3 For calculated motor octane number, this practice is based on mixtures containing only components shown in Table 1.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions:  
1.2.1.1 Non-SI units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.2.1.2 Motor octane number and relative density are given in MON numbers and dimensionless units, respectively.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
ASTM
ASTM D6667-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases by Ultraviolet Fluorescence

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The sulfur content of LPG, used for fuel purposes, contributes to SOx emissions and can lead to corrosion in engine and exhaust systems. Some process catalysts used in petroleum and chemical refining can be poisoned by sulfur bearing materials in the feed stocks. This test method can be used to determine sulfur in process feeds, to measure sulfur in finished products, and can also be used for compliance determinations when acceptable to a regulatory authority.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of total volatile sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum (LP) gases. It is applicable to analysis of natural, processed, and final product materials. Precision has been determined for sulfur in gaseous hydrocarbons in the range of 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg and for sulfur in LP gases in the range of 1 mg/kg to 196 mg/kg (Note 1).
Note 1: An estimate of pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ), information regarding sample stability and other general information derived from the interlaboratory studies on precision can be referenced in the ASTM research reports.2,3  
1.2 This test method may not detect sulfur compounds that do not vaporize under the conditions of the test.  
1.3 This test method is applicable for total volatile sulfur determination in LP gases containing less than 0.35 % (mass/mass) halogen(s).  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 3.1 and Sections 6 and 7 for specific warning statements.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    12 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off