ASTM E2886/E2886M-14
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement
Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the ability of exterior vents that mount vertically or horizontally to resist the entry of embers and flame penetration through the vent.Note 3—A comparison study between the vertical air flow apparatus and a horizontal air flow apparatus, developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), has been conducted. A summary of the results of that comparison study are presented in Section X1.3 of the Appendix.
5.2 Flame Intrusion Test—Refer to the Significant and Use Section in Test Method E2912 for information related to the direct flame impingement on the vent.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire-test-response standard prescribes two individual methods to evaluate the ability of a gable end, crawl space (foundation) and other vents that mount on a vertical wall or in the under-eave area to resist the entry through the vent opening of embers and flame. The ability of such vents to completely exclude entry of flames or embers is not evaluated. Roof ridge and off-ridge (field) vents are excluded from this standard. Acceptance criteria are not provided in this standard.Note 1—Test Method E2912 records information relevant to evaluate completely excluding the entry of flames through the venting device.
1.2 Ember entry and flame penetration are evaluated separately using different test procedures. A commentary and summary of the development of the ember test apparatus are given in Appendix X1.
1.3 These laboratory tests are used to evaluate the response of vents when subjected to ember and flame exposures under controlled conditions.
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems has the potential to result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance for dimensions in figures and text in this document shall be ±5 %.
1.6 This test method does not address interior fire spread.
1.7 The standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessments of the materials, products or assemblies and other cladding materials under actual fire conditions.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
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Designation: E2886/E2886M − 14 An American National Standard
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Ability of Exterior Vents to Resist the Entry
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of Embers and Direct Flame Impingement
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2886/E2886M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This fire-test-response standard prescribes two indi-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
vidual methods to evaluate the ability of a gable end, crawl
1.9 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safe-
space (foundation) and other vents that mount on a vertical
guards for personnel and property shall be employed in
wall or in the under-eave area to resist the entry through the
conducting these tests.
vent opening of embers and flame.The ability of such vents to
completely exclude entry of flames or embers is not evaluated.
2. Referenced Documents
Roof ridge and off-ridge (field) vents are excluded from this
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
standard.Acceptance criteria are not provided in this standard.
NOTE 1—Test Method E2912 records information relevant to evaluate D1929Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature
completely excluding the entry of flames through the venting device.
of Plastics
E108Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings
1.2 Ember entry and flame penetration are evaluated sepa-
E176Terminology of Fire Standards
rately using different test procedures. A commentary and
E2257Test Method for Room Fire Test of Wall and Ceiling
summary of the development of the ember test apparatus are
Materials and Assemblies
given in Appendix X1.
E2707Test Method for Determining Fire Penetration of
1.3 These laboratory tests are used to evaluate the response
Exterior WallAssemblies Using a Direct Flame Impinge-
of vents when subjected to ember and flame exposures under
ment Exposure
controlled conditions.
E2912Test Method for Fire Test of Non-Mechanical Fire
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
Dampers Used in Vented Construction
pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The 3
2.2 Other Documents:
values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equiva-
SFM 12-7A-1,Exterior Wall Siding and Sheathing, Califor-
lents;therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyofthe
nia Office of the State Fire Marshal, Sacramento, CA
other.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemshasthepotential
SFM 12-7A-3,Under Eave, California Office of the State
to result in non-conformance with the standard.
Fire Marshal, Sacramento, CA
1.5 Unlessotherwisespecified,thetolerancefordimensions
3. Terminology
in figures and text in this document shall be 65%.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this test
1.6 This test method does not address interior fire spread.
method refer to Terminology E176, Test Method E108, and
1.7 The standard is used to measure and describe the
Test Method E2912.
response of materials, products or assemblies to heat and flame
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate
all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessments of 3.2.1 ember, n—small burning or glowing pieces of vegeta-
tion or other cellulosic-based material.
the materials, products or assemblies and other cladding
materials under actual fire conditions.
3.2.2 flaming combustion, n—ignition of combustible mate-
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rial that results in flaming combustion.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E05 on Fire contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E05.14 on External Fire Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Exposures. the ASTM website.
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Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published June 2014. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from: http://osfm.fire.ca.gov/codedevelopment/
E2886_E2886M-14. wildfireprotectionbuildingconstruction.php
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E2886/E2886M − 14
NOTE 3—A comparison study between the vertical air flow apparatus
3.2.3 smoldering combustion, n—ignition of combustible
and a horizontal air flow apparatus, developed at t
...
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