ASTM D4992-94e1
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
Standard Practice for Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of rock to be used for erosion control. The complexity and extent of this evaluation will be governed by the size and design requirements of the individual project, the quantity and quality of rock required, and the potential risk for property damage or loss of human life.
1.2 It is not intended that all of the evaluations listed in this practice be addressed for every project. For some small, less critical jobs, a visual inspection of the rock may be all that is necessary. Several of the evaluations listed may be necessary on large, complex, high-hazard projects. The intensity and number of evaluations made on any one project must be determined by the designer.
1.3 Examination of the rock at the source, evaluation of similar rock exposed to the environment at any field installations, as well as laboratory tests may be necessary to determine the properties of the rock as related to its predicted performance at the site of intended use (1, 2, 3).
1.4 The examination of the rock at its source is essential to its evaluation for erosion control and aids in the planning of the subsequent laboratory examinations. Very large pieces of rock up to several tons weight are used in the control of erosion; thus great care must be taken with the field descriptions and in the sampling program to assure that zones of impurities or weaknesses that might not occur in ordinary size specimens are recorded and evaluated for their deleterious potential under the conditions of intended use. It is necessary that the intended method of rock removal be studied to ascertain whether the samples taken will correspond to the blasting, handling, and weathering history of the rock that will finally be used (1).
1.5 The specific procedures employed in the laboratory examinations depend on the kind of rock, its characteristics, mineral components, macro and micro structure, and perhaps most importantly, the intended use, size of the pieces, and the exposure conditions at the site of use (3).
1.6 It is assumed that this practice will be used by personnel who are qualified by education and experience to plan the necessary evaluations and to conduct them so that the necessary parameters of the subject rock will be defined. Therefore, this practice does not attempt to detail the laboratory techniques required, but rather to mention them and only detail those properties that must be of special concern in the course of the examination for rock to be used for erosion control.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
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e1
Designation: D 4992 – 94
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Practice for
1
Evaluation of Rock to be Used for Erosion Control
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4992; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Paragraph 1.9 was added editorially October 1998.
1. Scope 1.6 It is assumed that this practice will be used by personnel
who are qualified by education and experience to plan the
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of rock to be used for
necessary evaluations and to conduct them so that the neces-
erosion control. The complexity and extent of this evaluation
sary parameters of the subject rock will be defined. Therefore,
will be governed by the size and design requirements of the
this practice does not attempt to detail the laboratory tech-
individual project, the quantity and quality of rock required,
niques required, but rather to mention them and only detail
and the potential risk for property damage or loss of human
those properties that must be of special concern in the course
life.
of the examination for rock to be used for erosion control.
1.2 It is not intended that all of the evaluations listed in this
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
practice be addressed for every project. For some small, less
standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for
critical jobs, a visual inspection of the rock may be all that is
information only.
necessary. Several of the evaluations listed may be necessary
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
on large, complex, high-hazard projects. The intensity and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
number of evaluations made on any one project must be
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determined by the designer.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.3 Examination of the rock at the source, evaluation of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
similar rock exposed to the environment at any field installa-
1.9 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
tions, as well as laboratory tests may be necessary to determine
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
the properties of the rock as related to its predicted perfor-
2
education or experience and should be used in conjunction
mance at the site of intended use (1, 2, 3).
with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may
1.4 The examination of the rock at its source is essential to
be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
its evaluation for erosion control and aids in the planning of the
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
subsequent laboratory examinations. Very large pieces of rock
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
up to several tons weight are used in the control of erosion;
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
thus great care must be taken with the field descriptions and in
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
the sampling program to assure that zones of impurities or
title of this document means only that the document has been
weaknesses that might not occur in ordinary size specimens are
approved through the ASTM consensus process.
recorded and evaluated for their deleterious potential under the
conditions of intended use. It is necessary that the intended
2. Referenced Documents
method of rock removal be studied to ascertain whether the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
samples taken will correspond to the blasting, handling, and
C 88 Test Methods for Soundness of Aggregates by Use of
weathering history of the rock that will finally be used (1).
3
Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate
1.5 The specific procedures employed in the laboratory
C 127 Test Method for Specific Gravity and Absorption of
examinations depend on the kind of rock, its characteristics,
3
Coarse Aggregate
mineral components, macro and micro structure, and perhaps
C 294 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Natural
most importantly, the intended use, size of the pieces, and the
3
Mineral Aggregates
exposure conditions at the site of use (3).
C 295 Practice for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates
3
for Concrete
C 535 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Large-
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and
Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasion a
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