ASTM E3068-17e1

Standard Test Method for Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay Backing During Body Armor Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 U.S. Department of Defense and U.S. Department of Justice standards for assessing the performance of ballistic-resistant torso body armor require the measurement of BFD on backing assemblies made with ROMA Plastilina No. 1®.  
5.2 This test method may be applicable for certification testing or for research and development testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing caused by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a body armor test item.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.  
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets.  
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that could result from using different measurement techniques.  
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their specific needs.  
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance requirements for body armor. The performance requirements are included in other standards or specifications. The decision rules for determining conformance to specifications and the consideration of uncertainty are also included in other standards or specifications.  
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to non-SI units are provided in parentheses for informational purposes.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2017
• ICS: 13.310 - Protection against crime
• ICS: 13.340.01 - Protective equipment in general
• Technical Committee: E54 - Homeland Security Applications
• Drafting Committee: E54.04 - Public Safety Equipment

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E3068-17 - Standard Test Method for Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay Backing During Body Armor Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Replaced By: ASTM E3068-20 - Standard Test Method for Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay Backing During Body Armor Testing
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2020
• Referred By: ASTM E2771-11(2019) - Standard Terminology for Homeland Security Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Referred By: ASTM E3107/E3107M-23 - Standard Test Method for Resistance to Penetration and Backface Deformation for Ballistic-resistant Torso Body Armor and Shoot Packs
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: E3068 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay
1
Backing During Body Armor Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 12 editorially in April 2017.
1. Scope mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact
measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing
2. Referenced Documents
caused by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
body armor test item.
E3004 Specification for Preparation and Verification of Clay
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and
BlocksUsedinBallistic-ResistanceTestingofTorsoBody
nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.
Armor
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets. E3005 Terminology for Body Armor
2.2 Other Standards:
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent
MIL-STD-3027 Department of Defense Test Method Stan-
measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that
dard for Performance Requirements and Testing of Body
could result from using different measurement techniques.
3
Armor
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced 4
NIJ Standard 0101.06 Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor
by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their
NationalResearchCouncil TestingofBodyArmorMaterials
specific needs. 5
Phase III
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance
3. Terminology
requirements for body armor. The performance requirements
are included in other standards or specifications. The decision 3.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology E3005 apply
rules for determining conformance to specifications and the
for the following terms: backface deformation, backing fixture,
consideration of uncertainty are also included in other stan-
backing material, body armor, complete penetration, hard
dards or specifications.
armor, nonplanar, partial penetration, soft armor, test item,and
test threat.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
non-SI units are provided in parentheses for informational
3.2.1 applique, n—backing material intended to fill the
purposes. space behind a nonplanar test item during testing or condition-
ing procedures.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2.2 backface deformation (BFD), n—theindentationinthe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
backing material caused by a projectile impact on the test item
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- during testing. E3005
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—See Fig. 1.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from IHS, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, http://
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on www.global.ihs.com.
4
Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee AvailablefromNationalInstituteofJustice(NIJ),8107thSt.,NW,Washington,
E54.04 on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). DC 20531, http://nij.gov.
5
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. DOI: 10.1520/ Available from The NationalAcademies Press, 500 Fifth St., NW, Washington,
E3068-17E01. DC 20001, https://www.nap.edu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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´1
E3068 − 17
FIG. 1 Examples of Backface Deformation (Side View)
3.2.3 bridge gauge, n—an assembly used for measuring that 3.2.5 clay block, n—a type of backing assembly in which
®6
consists of a depth gauge and supports that rest on opposite the backing material is ROMA Plastilina No. 1 modeling
clay. E3004
sides of the backing fixture. E300
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: E3068 − 17 E3068 − 17
Standard Test Method for
Contact Measurement of Backface Deformation in Clay
1
Backing During Body Armor Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3068; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Added research report footnote to Section 12 editorially in April 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes test methods for the contact measurement of backface deformation (BFD) in clay backing caused
by a test threat that produces a partial penetration in a body armor test item.
1.2 This test method is applicable to testing of planar and nonplanar soft armor and hard armor.
1.3 This test method is not applicable to testing of helmets.
1.4 The purpose of this test method is to achieve consistent measurements between laboratories and reduce differences that
could result from using different measurement techniques.
1.5 It is anticipated that this test method will be referenced by certifiers, purchasers, and other users in order to meet their
specific needs.
1.6 This test method does not specify BFD performance requirements for body armor. The performance requirements are
included in other standards or specifications. The decision rules for determining conformance to specifications and the
consideration of uncertainty are also included in other standards or specifications.
1.7 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Where appropriate, mathematical conversions to non-SI
units are provided in parentheses for informational purposes.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E3004 Specification for Preparation and Verification of Clay Blocks Used in Ballistic-Resistance Testing of Torso Body Armor
E3005 Terminology for Body Armor
2.2 Other Standards:
3
MIL-STD-3027 Department of Defense Test Method Standard for Performance Requirements and Testing of Body Armor
4
NIJ Standard 0101.06 Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor
5
National Research Council Testing of Body Armor Materials Phase III
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E54 on Homeland Security Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E54.04 on
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2017. Published March 2017. DOI: 10.1520/E3068-17.10.1520/E3068-17E01.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from IHS, 15 Inverness Way East, Englewood, CO 80112, http://www.global.ihs.com.
4
Available from National Institute of Justice (NIJ), 810 7th St., NW, Washington, DC 20531, http://nij.gov.
5
Available from The National Academies Press, 500 Fifth St., NW, Washington, DC 20001, https://www.nap.edu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
E3068 − 17
3. Terminology
3.1 The terms and definitions of Terminology E3005 apply for the following terms: backface deformation, backing fixture,
backing material, body armor, complete penetration, hard armor, nonplanar, partial penetration, soft armor, test item, and test
threat.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 applique, n—backing material intended to fill the space behind a nonplanar test item during testing or conditioning
procedures.
3.2.2 backface deformation (BFD), n—the indentation in the backing material caused by a projectile impact on the test item
during testing. E3005
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
See Fig. 1.
3.2.3 bridg
...