ASTM B963-08
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Oil Content, Oil-Impregnation Efficiency, and Interconnected Porosity of Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes’ Principle
Standard Test Methods for Oil Content, Oil-Impregnation Efficiency, and Interconnected Porosity of Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products Using Archimedes<span class='unicode'>’</span> Principle
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Oil content values are generally contained in specifications for oil-impregnated PM bearings.
The oil-impregnation efficiency provides an indication of how well the as-received parts had been impregnated.
The desired self-lubricating performance of PM bearings requires a minimum amount of interconnected porosity and satisfactory oil impregnation of the interconnected porosity. A minimum oil content is specified.
The results from these test methods may be used for quality control or compliance purposes.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard describes three related test methods that cover the measurement of physical properties of oil-impregnated powder metallurgy products.
1.1.1 Determination of the volume percent of oil contained in the material.
1.1.2 Determination of the efficiency of the oil-impregnation process.
1.1.3 Determination of the percent interconnected porosity by oil impregnation.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are converted in accordance with IEEE/ASTM SI 10 and are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:B963–08
Standard Test Methods for
Oil Content, Oil-Impregnation Efficiency, and Interconnected
Porosity of Sintered Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products
1
Using Archimedes’Principle
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B963; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the Interna-
tional System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
1.1 This standard describes three related test methods that
cover the measurement of physical properties of oil-
3. Terminology
impregnated powder metallurgy products.
3.1 Definitions of powder metallurgy (PM) terms can be
1.1.1 Determination of the volume percent of oil contained
found in Terminology B243.Additional descriptive material is
in the material.
available in the Related Material section of Vol. 02.05 of the
1.1.2 Determination of the efficiency of the oil-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards.
impregnation process.
1.1.3 Determination of the percent interconnected porosity
4. Summary of Test Method
by oil impregnation.
4.1 Thepartortestspecimenisfirstweighedinair.Itisthen
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
oil impregnated to fill the surface-connected porosity and the
standard. The values in parentheses are converted in accor-
specimen is reweighed. The test specimen is then weighed
dance with IEEE/ASTM SI 10 and are for information only.
when immersed in water and its volume calculated based on
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Archimedes’ principle. The oil is then removed and the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen is reweighed.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.2 The oil content of an oil-impregnated part or test
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
specimen is then calculated as a percentage of the volume of
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the specimen. This may be done for the as-received and the
2. Referenced Documents fully oil-impregnated specimen.
2 4.3 The oil-impregnation effıciency is calculated by dividing
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the as-received oil content by the fully impregnated oil content
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
and expressing the result as a percentage.
D1217 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
4.4 The volume percentage of interconnected porosity (as
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Bingham Pycnometer
measured by oil impregnation) is then calculated based on the
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
amount of oil in the fully oil-impregnated specimen.
Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
5. Significance and Use
2.2 IEEE/ASTM Standard:
5.1 Oil content values are generally contained in specifica-
tions for oil-impregnated PM bearings.
5.2 The oil-impregnation efficiency provides an indication
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on
of how well the as-received parts had been impregnated.
Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products and are the direct responsibility of
5.3 The desired self-lubricating performance of PM bear-
Subcommittee B09.04 on Bearings.
ings requires a minimum amount of interconnected porosity
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published December 2008. DOI:
10.1520/B0963-08.
and satisfactory oil impregnation of the interconnected poros-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ity. A minimum oil content is specified.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.4 The results from these test methods may be used for
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. quality control or compliance purposes.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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B963–08
6. Apparatus 7.3 Take care with cut specimens to avoid rough surfaces to
whichanairbubblemayadhere.A100-gritsandingorabrasive
6.1 Analytical Balance—Precision single-pan balance that
grinding is recommended to remove all rough surfaces.
will permit readings within 0.01 % of the test specimen mass.
See Table 1.
8. Procedure
6.2 Water Container—A glass beaker or other suitable
transparent container should be used to contain the water. 8.1 It is important that the part or test specimen, the
analytical balance and surrounding air be at a uniform tem-
NOTE 1—A transparent container makes it easi
...
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