ASTM F818-16
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Spill Response Booms and Barriers
Standard Terminology Relating to Spill Response Booms and Barriers
SCOPE
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common use, “aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed separately: design terminology (3.1), engineering terminology (3.2), and performance terminology (3.3).
1.3 Guidance on minimum dimensions and performance specifications for booms is provided in Guide F1523.
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Designation: F818 − 16
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Spill Response Booms and Barriers
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF818;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope calm water boom—boom intended for use in calm waters (see
Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field
of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or
“curtain type” boom—boom consisting of a flexible skirt
peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been
supported by flotation.
made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common
use, “aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
“fence type” boom—boom consisting of a self-supporting or
stiffened membrane supported by flotation.
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed
separately: design terminology (3.1), engineering terminology
fire resistant boom (aka fire containment boom) —boom
(3.2), and performance terminology (3.3).
intended for containment of burning oil slicks.
1.3 Guidance on minimum dimensions and performance
ice boom—boom intended for use in ice-infested waters,
specifications for booms is provided in Guide F1523.
designed to withstand effects of ice contact.
2. Referenced Documents
inflatable boom—boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambers
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
as the flotation.
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control
Systems
open water boom— boom intended for use in open waters
F1523 Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With
(see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
Water Body Classifications
permanent boom—boom intended for long-term or perma-
3. Terminology
nent deployment.
3.1 Design Terminology—Terms associated with Spill Re-
protected water boom—boom intended for use in protected
sponse Design:
waterswithmoderateenvironmentalconditions(seePractice
General F625 for environmental descripters).
boom—floating mechanical barrier used to control the move-
river boom (aka fast water boom)—boom intended for use in
ment of substances that float.
currents greater than 1 knot.
boom section—length of boom between two end connectors.
sorbent boom—sorbent material contained or arranged in the
form of a long cylinder.
boom segment—repetitive identical portion of the boom
section.
weir boom (aka skimming boom/barrier)—boom that has a
weir skimming device(s) built into its face.
Types
Special Purpose Barriers
bottom-tension boom—boom with tension member located
along the bottom of the skirt.
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising
stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
injecting air at some depth below water surface.
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee F20.11 on Control.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016. Published June 2016. Originally berms—a barrier for spills on land constructed of available
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as F818 – 93(2009). DOI:
materials such as earth, gravel, or snow.
10.1520/F0818-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ice slotting—in order to contain oil spilled under river ice, a
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
slot is cut through the ice transverse to the direction of flow,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. capturing oil and preventing it from moving downstream.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F818 − 16
net boom—special purpose boom in which all or part of the float—separable component of a boom that provides buoy-
membrane material is netting. ancy.
plunging water jet barrier—special purpose barrier created flotation—portion of a boom that provides buoyancy.
by a series of coherent streams of water directed vertically
handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other provision
downward into a body of water.
for grasping the boom by hand.
shore seal boom—boom that, when grounded, seals against
hinge—location between boom segments at which the boom
the shoreline.
can be folded back 180° upon itself.
silt barrier—boom with very deep skirt used to control the
internal flotation—flotation element located within the boom
movement of suspended sediments.
membrane.
special purpose boom—boom that departs from the general
lifting point—structural poin
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F818 − 93 (Reapproved 2009) F818 − 16
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Spill Response Booms and Barriers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F818; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This document defines the terminology used in the field of spill response barriers. Only those terms commonly used or
peculiar to this field have been included; no attempt has been made to list all terms used. Where a second term is in common use,
“aka” is used to mean “also known as.”
1.2 Design, engineering, and performance terms are listed separately: barrier design terminology (3.1), barrier engineering
terminology (3.2), and barrier performance terminology (3.3).
1.3 Guidance on minimum dimensions and performance specifications for booms is provided in Guide F1523.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control Systems
F1523 Guide for Selection of Booms in Accordance With Water Body Classifications
3. Terminology
3.1 Barrier Design Terminology—Terms associated with Spill Response Barrier Design:
General
boom—floating mechanical barrier used to control the movement of substances that float.
boom section—length of boom between two end connectors.
boom segment—repetitive identical portion of the boom section.
Types
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by injecting air
at some depth below water surface.
bottom-tension boom—boom with tension member located along the bottom of the skirt.
calm water boom—boom intended for use in calm waters (see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
“curtain type” boom—boom consisting of a flexible skirt supported by flotation.
“fence type” boom—boom consisting of a self-supporting or stiffened membrane supported by flotation.
fire resistant boom (aka fire containment boom) —boom intended for containment of burning oil slicks.
ice boom—boom intended for use in ice-infested waters, designed to withstand effects of ice contact.
inflatable boom—boom that uses inflated gas-filled chambers as the flotation.
net boom—special purpose boom in which all or part of the membrane material is netting.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.11 on Control.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009June 1, 2016. Published April 2009June 2016. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20032009 as
F818 – 93(2003).(2009). DOI: 10.1520/F0818-93R09.10.1520/F0818-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F818 − 16
open water boom— boom intended for use in open waters (see Practice F625 for environmental descripters).
permanent boom—boom intended for long-term or permanent deployment.
plunging water jet barrier—special purpose barrier created by a series of coherent streams of water directed vertically downward
into a body of water.
protected water boom—boom intended for use in protected waters with moderate environmental conditions (see Practice F625
for environmental descripters).
river boom (aka fast water boom)—boom intended for use in currents greater than 1 knot.
sorbent boom—sorbent material contained or arranged in the form of a long cylinder.
weir boom (aka skimming boom/barrier)—boom that has a weir skimming device(s) built into its face.
Special Purpose Barriers
air bubble barrier—special-purpose barrier created by rising stream of air bubbles and entrained water, produced by injecting air
at some depth below water surface.
berms—a barrier for spills on land constructed of available materials such as earth, gravel, or snow.
ice slotting—in order to contain oil spilled under river ice, a slot is cut through the ice transverse to the direction of flow, capturing
oil and preventing it from moving downstream.
net boom—special purpo
...
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