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ASTM F2709-19

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems

Standard Test Method for Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It has been industry practice to claim the capacity of a skimmer based on the rate of the discharge pump (which are typically rated using water as a test fluid) or other arbitrary methods.  
4.2 End users need a test methodology that evaluates optimum performance data for planning and selection of equipment.  
4.3 This test method will assist producers and other stakeholders to verify and accurately report skimmer system performance.  
4.4 This test method is specifically designed to quantify two key skimmer performance values, to reduce testing costs, and to encourage industry wide performance standardization.  
4.5 This test method establishes test conditions that will result in a measured nameplate recovery rate and an indication of the combination of test parameters (oil type, viscosity, operating speed) that result in the highest average performance for the tested skimmer system.  
4.6 This test method will validate the performance of the discharge pump in the skimmer system, under conditions that are typical of a recovery operation. Specifically, this will include a modest imposed head pressure composed of static head and dynamic friction losses due to a specified length of discharge hose.  
4.7 This test method encourages performance testing using two or more oils for comparison purposes.  
4.8 Tests shall be conducted under well-documented conditions and generate repeatable results. More detailed testing and collection of skimmer performance is covered under existing standards (for example, Guide F631).  
4.9 Testing (SL Ross 2007)3 has shown that, when water is present, recovery performance in slick thicknesses ranging from 50 mm to 75 mm results in values comparable to significantly thicker slicks. This may not be the case with high-rate skimmers in viscous oil, where the rate of oil recovery exceeds the rate at which the slick will flow to the skimmer mechanism.  
4.10 For skimming systems that include various options for the discharge pump, ...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method defines a method and measurement criteria to quantify the performance of a stationary skimmer in ideal conditions in support of a device’s nameplate recovery rate (capacity). If a determination of a skimmer’s capabilities in realistic conditions (that is, advancing or waves) is required, testing should be performed according to Guide F631 or equivalent.  
1.2 This test method includes the option of testing to determine recovery efficiency.  
1.3 This test method and parameters are intended to provide ideal recovery conditions allowing the skimmer system to operate and collect oil at its maximum possible recovery rate. Given ideal conditions, inherent mechanical and physical attributes of the system become the limiting factors.  
1.4 This test method is intended to identify limitations of the skimmer system, such as performance of the skimming mechanism, the flow of oil within the skimmer and sump, the pump characteristics, and typical discharge head conditions.  
1.5 It is accepted that the measured nameplate recovery rate as determined by this test method will not likely be achievable under actual conditions of a spill. The measured nameplate recovery rate should be used in conjunction with a de-rating factor to account for such issues as changing encounter rate, changes in other recovery conditions, changes in oil properties and slick thickness, number of daylight hours, operator downtime, less than ideal control of skimmer settings, and inclement weather.  
1.6 This test method involves the use of specific test oils that may be considered hazardous materials. It is the responsibility of the user of this test method to procure and abide by necessary permits and regulations for the use and disposal of test oil.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of ...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jul-2019
ICS
13.020.40 - Pollution, pollution control and conservation
Technical Committee
F20 - Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response
Drafting Committee
F20.12 - Removal
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F2709-18 - Standard Test Method for Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019
Refers
ASTM D4007-11(2016) - Standard Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
Effective Date
01-Jun-2016
Refers
ASTM D2983-16 - Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
Effective Date
15-Dec-2016
Refers
ASTM D971-20 - Standard Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Insulating Liquids Against Water by the Ring Method
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM F631-15 - Standard Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Controlled Environments
Effective Date
01-Jul-2015
Refers
ASTM F631-15(2020) - Standard Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Controlled Environments
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Referred By
ASTM F3350-18 - Standard Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Ice Conditions
Effective Date
01-Aug-2019

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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F2709 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of
1
Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
1.1 This test method defines a method and measurement
standard.
criteria to quantify the performance of a stationary skimmer in
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ideal conditions in support of a device’s nameplate recovery
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rate(capacity).Ifadeterminationofaskimmer’scapabilitiesin
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
realistic conditions (that is, advancing or waves) is required,
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
testing should be performed according to Guide F631 or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
equivalent.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 This test method includes the option of testing to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
determine recovery efficiency.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.3 This test method and parameters are intended to provide
ideal recovery conditions allowing the skimmer system to mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
operate and collect oil at its maximum possible recovery rate.
Given ideal conditions, inherent mechanical and physical
2. Referenced Documents
attributes of the system become the limiting factors.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.4 Thistestmethodisintendedtoidentifylimitationsofthe
D971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against
skimmer system, such as performance of the skimming
Water by the Ring Method
mechanism, the flow of oil within the skimmer and sump, the
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
pump characteristics, and typical discharge head conditions.
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
1.5 It is accepted that the measured nameplate recovery rate ucts by Hydrometer Method
as determined by this test method will not likely be achievable D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Au-
under actual conditions of a spill. The measured nameplate tomaticTransmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubri-
recovery rate should be used in conjunction with a de-rating cants using a Rotational Viscometer
factor to account for such issues as changing encounter rate, D4007 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by
changes in other recovery conditions, changes in oil properties the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
and slick thickness, number of daylight hours, operator F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
downtime, less than ideal control of skimmer settings, and
Controlled Environments
inclement weather.
3. Terminology
1.6 This test method involves the use of specific test oils
3.1 Definitions:
that may be considered hazardous materials. It is the respon-
3.1.1 deadheading—within a pump system, this occurs
sibility of the user of this test method to procure and abide by
when the discharge line is blocked.
necessary permits and regulations for the use and disposal of
3.1.1.1 Discussion—For example, when a valve on the
test oil.
discharge side is closed with no other flow path available.
3.1.2 fluid recovery rate—the volume of fluid recovered by
3
the device per unit of time (m /h).
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on
Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee F20.12 on Removal. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as F2709–18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/F2709-19. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 -------------------
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F2709 − 18 F2709 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Determining a Measured Nameplate Recovery Rate of
1
Stationary Oil Skimmer Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method defines a method and measurement criteria to quantify the performance of a stationary skimmer in ideal
conditions in support of a device’s nameplate recovery rate (capacity). If a determination of a skimmer’s capabilities in realistic
conditions (that is, advancing or waves) is required, testing should be performed according to Guide F631 or equivalent.
1.2 This test method includes the option of testing to determine recovery efficiency.
1.3 This test method and parameters are intended to provide ideal recovery conditions allowing the skimmer system to operate
and collect oil at its maximum possible recovery rate. Given ideal conditions, inherent mechanical and physical attributes of the
system become the limiting factors.
1.4 This test method is intended to identify limitations of the skimmer system, such as performance of the skimming
mechanism, the flow of oil within the skimmer and sump, the pump characteristics, and typical discharge head conditions.
1.5 It is accepted that the measured nameplate recovery rate as determined by this test method will not likely be achievable
under actual conditions of a spill. The measured nameplate recovery rate should be used in conjunction with a de-rating factor to
account for such issues as changing encounter rate, changes in other recovery conditions, changes in oil properties and slick
thickness, number of daylight hours, operator downtime, less than ideal control of skimmer settings, and inclement weather.
1.6 This test method involves the use of specific test oils that may be considered hazardous materials. It is the responsibility
of the user of this test method to procure and abide by necessary permits and regulations for the use and disposal of test oil.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring Method
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D2983 Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using
a Rotational Viscometer
D4007 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Crude Oil by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Controlled Environments
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Response and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F20.12 on Removal.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018Aug. 1, 2019. Published February 2019October 2019. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20152018
as F2709–15.–18. DOI: 10.1520/F2709-18.10.1520/F2709-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2709 − 19
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 deadheading—within a pump system, this occurs when the discharge line is blocked.
3.1.1.
...

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ASTM
ASTM F1693-21(Guide)
Standard Guide for Consideration of Bioremediation as an Oil Spill Response Method on Land

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide remediation managers and spill response teams with guidance on bioremediation.  
3.2 Bioremediation is one of many available tools and may not be applicable to all situations. This guide can be used in conjunction with other ASTM guides addressing oil spill response operations.
SCOPE
1.1 The goal of this guide is to provide recommendations for the use of biodegradation enhancing agents for remediating oil spills in terrestrial environments.  
1.2 This is a general guide only, assuming the bioremediation agent to be safe, effective, available, and applied in accordance with both manufacturers' recommendations and relevant environmental regulations. As referred to in this guide, oil includes crude and refined petroleum products.  
1.3 This guide addresses the application of bioremediation agents alone or in conjunction with other technologies, following spills on surface terrestrial environments.  
1.4 This guide does not consider the ecological effects of bioremediation agents.  
1.5 This guide applies to all terrestrial environments. Specifically, it addresses various technological applications used in these environments.  
1.6 In making bioremediation-use decisions, appropriate government authorities must be consulted as required by law.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In addition, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that such activity takes place under the control and direction of a qualified person with full knowledge of any potential or appropriate safety and health protocols.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2465/F2465M-20(Guide)
Standard Guide for Oil Spill Dispersant Application Equipment: Single-point Spray Systems

ABSTRACT
This guide covers performance criteria, requirements, material characteristics, and essential features for oil spill dispersant application systems. This guide also covers vessel-based spray systems employing single-point spray nozzles. Oil spill dispersant spray equipment shall conform to the minimum performance requirements such as target dosage, dispersant flow or injection rate determination, droplet size distribution, and maximum delivery variation over spray switch. Materials used in the spray systems shall be corrosion-resistant to salt water and shall be able to be used or stored at extreme temperatures. Performance data shall be provided to user, including information such as dilute versus neat application, dosage chart, accuracy of data, nozzles and pumps, and operational manual.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers performance criteria, requirements, material characteristics, and essential features for oil spill dispersant application systems. This guide is not intended to be restrictive to a specific configuration.  
1.2 This guide covers vessel-based spray systems employing single-point spray nozzles, including designs that have been based on or evolved from “fire-monitor” systems, and is not fully applicable to other systems such as spray boom/nozzle or aircraft systems.  
1.3 This guide is one of five related to dispersant application systems. The other four guides cover the design of boom and nozzle systems, spray system calibration, spray deposition measurements, and use of the systems. Familiarity with all five guides (listed in 2.1) is recommended.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM F2533-20(Guide)
Standard Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil in Ships or Other Vessels

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is primarily intended to aid decision-makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill response, and training.  
4.2 This guide is general and site conditions can change the situation considerably.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers the use of in-situ burning directly in derelict ships and other vessels, particularly in remote and inaccessible areas. This guide is not applicable to in-situ burning of oil on sea or land.  
1.2 This guide is applicable to situations in which the vessel and cargo are not salvageable. After the burn, the vessel will never be salvageable. It is intended that the in-situ burning of oil spills in ships be a last resort option.  
1.3 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that will enable spill responders to decide if burning will be used to remove oil from stranded ships or other vessels.  
1.4 This is a general guide only. It is assumed that conditions at the spill site have been assessed and that these conditions are suitable for the burning of oil. It is also assumed that permissions to burn the oil have been obtained. Variations in the behavior of different oil types are not dealt with and may change some of the parameters noted in this guide.  
1.5 This guide is one of several related to in-situ burning.  
1.6 There are many safety concerns associated with in-situ burning of oil in ships. These include the unsafe nature of the wrecked vessel and the use of explosives.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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