ASTM D2559-10a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
Standard Specification for Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
ABSTRACT
This specification covers adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural laminated wood products for general construction, for marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength, waterproof adhesive bond is required. The requirements of the adhesive are based on the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by the following test methods: resistance to shear by compression loading; resistance to delamination during accelerated exposure to wetting and drying; and resistance to deformation under static load. The wood shall be prepared by ambient curing and hot press curing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction or other uses where a high-strength, durable adhesive bond is required.
1.2 This specification includes test methods that may be referenced by specific product standards for the evaluation and approval of structural wood adhesives. Methods are included to evaluate adhesives intended for use in exterior exposure, which are characterized and defined by two distinct service classes as described in 1.3.
Note 1—Consult the Commentary in Appendix X1 regarding the intent and limitations of each test method contained in this specification.
1.3 Description of Bondline Performance—It is recognized that structural wood adhesives are used in various applications and under various levels of severity in terms of moisture content, loading, cyclic and seasonal weather conditions, heat exposure and other use conditions. It is the intent of this standard to determine the suitability of an adhesive for use under various levels of severity and conditions of use in accordance with specific and appropriate test methods and requirements. For use in this standard, structural wood adhesives are separated into two classes described in terms of conditions of use, and severity of environmental exposure including the amount of moisture.
Note 2—This standard does not contain specific tests outlined for different chemical types of adhesives.
1.3.1 Description of Adhesive Service Class A—This service class is characterized by its limited exposure to the weather, including low moisture content conditions and is sometimes referred to as a Protected Service or Limited Moisture Exposure environment. In this service class, exposure of adhesive bondlines in structural wood products to exterior environment is limited to those such as during transportation, construction and accidental exposure where the material may be subjected to a limited number of cycles of short-term wetting and drying.
1.3.2 Description of Adhesive Service Class B—This service class is described wherein adhesive bondlines in structural wood products are subjected to full and repeated or continuous exposure to the weather including high moisture content conditions. This exposure may include fresh and saltwater marine applications as well as possible ground contact. This service class has traditionally been refereed to as Exterior or Wet Service.
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Designation: D2559 – 10a
Standard Specification for
Adhesives for Bonded Structural Wood Products for Use
1
Under Exterior Exposure Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This specification, which was initially approved in 1966, was developed to ensure that adhesives
developed and used in structural glued laminated timber (glulam) are considered suitable for the
intended application. This would include, as a maximum level of severity in the case of moisture
effects, full and continuous exposure to the weather in a salt water marine environment.
The use of adhesives for structural wood products (that is, Engineered Wood Products) has
expandedbeyondGlulamtoincludeproductssuchasStructuralCompositeLumber,woodI-Joistsand
various composites adhesively bonded using a variety of materials. Although most structural glued
wood products have traditionally specified an adhesive suitable for exterior exposure, the actual
exposure of glued wood products to exterior conditions may range from exposure to the weather for
brief periods of time, to continuous exposure to a marine environment. The wide range of possible
exterior exposures of the adhesively bonded structural wood product requires consideration of
differing performance requirements for the adhesive.
A distinction between adhesive certification and product performance requirements is necessary to
ensurethebroadestpossibleacceptanceofadhesivesystemstotheengineeredwoodproductsindustry.
1. Scope* standard to determine the suitability of an adhesive for use
under various levels of severity and conditions of use in
1.1 This specification covers adhesives suitable for the
accordance with specific and appropriate test methods and
bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood
requirements. For use in this standard, structural wood adhe-
products for general construction or other uses where a
sives are separated into two classes described in terms of
high-strength, durable adhesive bond is required.
conditions of use, and severity of environmental exposure
1.2 This specification includes test methods that may be
including the amount of moisture.
referenced by specific product standards for the evaluation and
approvalofstructuralwoodadhesives.Methodsareincludedto
NOTE 2—This standard does not contain specific tests outlined for
evaluateadhesivesintendedforuseinexteriorexposure,which
different chemical types of adhesives.
are characterized and defined by two distinct service classes as
1.3.1 Description of Adhesive Service Class A—This ser-
described in 1.3.
vice class is characterized by its limited exposure to the
weather, including low moisture content conditions and is
NOTE 1—ConsulttheCommentaryinAppendixX1regardingtheintent
and limitations of each test method contained in this specification.
sometimes referred to as a Protected Service or Limited
MoistureExposureenvironment.Inthisserviceclass,exposure
1.3 Description of Bondline Performance—It is recognized
of adhesive bondlines in structural wood products to exterior
that structural wood adhesives are used in various applications
environment is limited to those such as during transportation,
and under various levels of severity in terms of moisture
construction and accidental exposure where the material may
content, loading, cyclic and seasonal weather conditions, heat
be subjected to a limited number of cycles of short-term
exposure and other use conditions. It is the intent of this
wetting and drying.
1.3.2 Description of Adhesive Service Class B—This ser-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
vice class is described wherein adhesive bondlines in structural
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
wood products are subjected to full and repeated or continuous
Adhesives.
exposure to the weather including high moisture content
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published October 2010. Originally
approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2559 – 10. DOI:
10.1520/D2559-10A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2559 – 10a
conditions. This exposure may include fresh and saltwater notes, footnotes and commentary (excluding those in tables
marine
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D2559–10 Designation: D2559 – 10a
Standard Specification for
Adhesives for Bonded Structural Laminated Wood Products
1
for Use Under Exterior (Wet Use) Exposure Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2559; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
INTRODUCTION
This specification, which was initially approved in 1966, was developed to ensure that adhesives
developed and used in structural glued laminated timber (glulam) are considered suitable for the
intended application. This would include, as a maximum level of severity in the case of moisture
effects, full and continuous exposure to the weather in a salt water marine environment.
The use of adhesives for structural wood products (that is, Engineered Wood Products) has
expandedbeyondGlulamtoincludeproductssuchasStructuralCompositeLumber,woodI-Joistsand
various composites adhesively bonded using a variety of materials. Although most structural glued
wood products have traditionally specified an adhesive suitable for exterior exposure, the actual
exposure of glued wood products to exterior conditions may range from exposure to the weather for
brief periods of time, to continuous exposure to a marine environment. The wide range of possible
exterior exposures of the adhesively bonded structural wood product requires consideration of
differing performance requirements for the adhesive.
A distinction between adhesive certification and product performance requirements is necessary to
ensurethebroadestpossibleacceptanceofadhesivesystemstotheengineeredwoodproductsindustry.
The suitability of adhesive systems for use in the manufacture of engineered wood products for
exterior applications is dependent on both the adhesive certification test requirements specified in
Specification D2559, and performance requirements provided in specific product standards.
A distinction between adhesive certification and product performance requirements is necessary to
ensurethebroadestpossibleacceptanceofadhesivesystemstotheengineeredwoodproductsindustry.
1. Scope
1.1This specification covers adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural laminated wood
products for general construction, for marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength, waterproof adhesive bond is required.
1.2The requirements of the adhesive are based on the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by:
1.2.1Resistance to shear by compression loading,
1.2.2Resistance to delamination during accelerated exposure to wetting and drying, and
1.2.3Resistance to deformation under static load.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4*
1.1 This specification covers adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products
for general construction or other uses where a high-strength, durable adhesive bond is required.
1.2 Thisspecificationincludestestmethodsthatmaybereferencedbyspecificproductstandardsfortheevaluationandapproval
of structural wood adhesives. Methods are included to evaluate adhesives intended for use in exterior exposure, which are
characterized and defined by two distinct service classes as described in 1.3.
NOTE 1—Consult the Commentary in Appendix X1 regarding the intent and limitations of each test method contained in this specification.
1.3 Description of Bondline Performance—It is recognized that structural wood adhesives are used in various applications and
under various levels of severity in terms of moisture content, loading, cyclic and seasonal weather conditions, heat exposure and
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood Adhesives.
Current edition approved MaySept. 1, 2010. Published AugustOctober 2010. Originally approved in 1966. Last previous edition approved in 20092010 as D2559 – 109.
DOI: 10.1520/D2559-10A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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