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ASTM A602-94(1998)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings

Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers castings of ferritic, pearlitic, tempered pearlitic, and tempered martensitic grades of malleable iron used in the products of the automotive and allied industries. Castings shall be heat treated to meet this specification.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Oct-1998
ICS
77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings
Technical Committee
A04 - Iron Castings
Drafting Committee
A04.02 - Malleable and Ductile Iron Castings
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM A602-94(2004) - Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings
Effective Date
01-May-2004

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ASTM A602-94(1998) - Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron CastingsASTM A602-94(1998) - Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings
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ASTM A602-94(1998) - Standard Specification for Automotive Malleable Iron Castings
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: A 602 – 94 (Reapproved 1998)
Standard Specification for
Automotive Malleable Iron Castings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 602; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Grades of Malleable Iron
1. Scope
Casting Hardness
1.1 This specification covers castings of ferritic, pearlitic,
Grade Heat Treatment
Range
tempered pearlitic, and tempered martensitic grades of mal-
M3210 156 HB max annealed
leable iron used in the products of the automotive and allied
A
4.8 BID min
industries. Castings shall be heat treated to meet this specifi- M4504 163–217 HB air quenched and tempered
A
4.7–4.1 BID
cation.
M5003 187–241 HB air quenched and tempered
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded A
4.4–3.9 BID
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
M5503 187–241 HB liquid quenched and tempered
A
4.4–3.9 BID
information only.
M7002 229–269 HB liquid quenched and tempered
A
4.0–3.7 BID
2. Referenced Documents
M8501 269–302 HB liquid quenched and tempered
A
3.7–3.5 BID
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A
Brinell impression diameter (BID) is the diameter in millimetres of the impres-
E 10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materi-
sion of a 10-mm ball at 3000-kg load.
als
3. Grades
surface of the castings. This usually results in a rim which can
3.1 The specified grades with required hardness range and
consist of coarse lamellar pearlite underlying a graphite-free
final heat treatment are shown in Table 1.
ferritic surface layer. If the pearlite layer is excessive, it can
3.2 The foundry may also produce Grades M4504 and
result in poor machinability. The rim, therefore, shall not
M5003 by liquid quenching and tempering or alloying, or both.
exceed a depth greater than 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) as measured
4. Hardness
from the casting surface.
5.1.3 The area below the rim can contain some pearlite;
4.1 The foundry shall exercise the necessary controls and
however, it shall not exceed the amount shown in Fig. 1.
inspection procedures to ensure compliance with the specified
5.2 Grades M4504, M5003, M7002, and M8501:
hardness range. Hardness readings shall be taken in accordance
5.2.1 The microstructure of these other grades of malleable
with Test Method E 10 after sufficient material has been
iron shall consist of temper-carbon nodules distributed in a
removed from the casting surface to ensure representative
matrix of ferrite and lamellar pearlite or tempered pearlite in
hardness readings. The area or areas on the casting where
air-quenched castings or a matrix of tempered martensite in the
hardness is to be checked shall be established by agreement
case of liquid-quenched castings.
between supplier and purchaser and shown on the drawing.
5.2.2 Because of reaction with the annealing furnace atmo-
5. Microstructure Requirements
sphere, some depletion of carbon and silicon occurs at the
surface of the castings. This usually results in a rim which can
5.1 Grade M3210 Ferritic Malleable Iron:
consist of a graphite-free layer sometimes containing more or
5.1.1 The microstructure of Grade M3210 malleable iron
less combined carbon than the underlying material.
shall consist of temper-carbon nodules distributed in a matrix
5.3 All grades shall be free of primary graphite.
of ferrite.
5.4 All grades shall not exceed 2 % spheroidal primary
5.1.2 Because of reaction with the annealing furnace atmo-
carbides in the microstructure.
sphere, some depletion of carbon and silicon occurs at the
5.5 The maximum surface ferrite layer and denodularized
zone shall be measured after polishing, etching in nital, and
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-4 on Iron viewing at 1003.
Castings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A04.02 on Malleable Iron
Castings.
6. Quality Assurance
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 1994. Published February 1995. Originally
6.1 Sampling plans are a matter of agreement between
published as A 602 – 70. Last previous edition A 602 – 70 (1992).
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. supplier and purchaser. The supplier shall employ adequate
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 602
equipment and controls to ensure that parts conform to the
agreed upon requirements.
7. General
7.1 Castings furnished to this specification shall be repre-
sentative of good foundry practice and shall conform to
dimensions and tolerances specified on the casting drawing.
7.2 Minor imperfections usually not associated with the
structural function may occur in castings. These imperfections
often are repairable; however, repairs shall be made only in
areas allowed by the purchaser and only by approved methods.
7.3 Additional casting requirements may be agreed upon
between the purchaser and supplier. These should appear as
additional product requirements on the casting drawing.
8. Keywords
FIG. 1 Reference Photomicrograph Showing Allowable Pearlite in
8.1 casting; ferrite; malleable iron; mechanical properties;
Grade M3210 Iron (100 3; 2 percent Nital Etch)
pearlite; temper carbon nodules; tensile strength; yield strength
APPENDIX
(Nonmandatory Information)
X1. MALLEABLE IRON
(A material description not a part of the standard)
X1.1 Definition and Classification
X1.1.1 malleable iron—a cast iron in which the graphite is
present as temper-carbon nodules instead of flakes as in gray
iron or small spherulites as in ductile iron.
X1.1.2 The term malleable iron includes all grades of
malleable iron, those with a ferritic, pearlitic, tempered pearl-
ite, or tempered martensite matrix.
X1.2 Chemical Composition
X1.2.1 The chemical composition of malleable iron gener-
ally conforms to the following range:
Element Composition, %
Total carbon 2.20–2.90
Silicon 0.90–1.90
Manganese 0.15–1.25
Sulfur
...

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