ASTM D7255-22

Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Abraser Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The resistance of leather to abrasion, as measured on a testing machine in the laboratory, is generally only one of several factors contributing to wear performance or durability as experienced in the actual use of the material. While “abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of abrasion cycles) and “durability” are frequently related, the relationship varies with different end uses and different factors may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability from specific abrasion data. This test method provides a comparative ranking of material performance, which can be used as an indication of relative end-use performance.  
5.2 The resistance of leather to abrasion may be affected by factors including test conditions; type of abradant; pressure between the specimen and abradant; mounting or tension of the specimen; and type, kind, or amount of finishing materials.  
5.3 Abrasion tests utilizing the rotary platform abraser may be subject to variation due to changes in the abradant during specific tests. Depending on abradant type and test specimen, the abrasive wheel surface may change (that is, become clogged) due to the pick up of finishing or other materials from test specimens. To reduce this variation, the abrasive wheels must be resurfaced at regularly defined intervals.  
5.4 The measurement of the relative amount of abrasion may be affected by the method of evaluation and influenced by the judgment of the operator.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of leather using the rotary platform abraser.
Note 1: This test method is similar but not equivalent to ISO 17076-1, and results should not be directly compared between the two methods.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2022
• ICS: 59.140.01 - Leather technology in general
• Technical Committee: D31 - Leather
• Drafting Committee: D31.07 - Physical Properties

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7255 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Abraser
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abra- 3.1 Definitions:
sion resistance of leather using the rotary platform abraser. 3.1.1 abraser—aweartestinginstrument,alsoreferredtoas
NOTE1—ThistestmethodissimilarbutnotequivalenttoISO17076-1,
a rotary platform tester or abrader.
and results should not be directly compared between the two methods.
3.1.2 abrasion—the wearing away of any part of a material
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by rubbing against another surface.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.3 abrasion cycle—in abrasion testing, one or more
standard.
movements of the abradant across a material surface, or the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
materialsurfaceacrosstheabradant,thatpermitsareturntoits
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
startingposition.Inthecaseoftherotaryplatformtestmethod,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
it consists of one complete rotation of the specimen.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.4 durability—the ability to withstand deterioration or
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
wear out in use, including the effects of abrasion.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 resurface—the preparation of an abrasive wheel on a
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
refacing disc or diamond tool wheel refacer, prior to use in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
testing.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
3.2 For definitions of other leather terms used in this test
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
method, refer to Terminology D1517.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Aspecimenisabradedusingrotaryrubbingactionunder
D1517Terminology Relating to Leather
controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action. The test
D1610Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Prod-
specimen, mounted on a turntable platform, turns on a vertical
ucts for Testing
axis, against the sliding rotation of two abrading wheels. One
D2813Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and
abrading wheel rubs the specimen outward toward the periph-
Chemical Tests
ery and the other, inward toward the center, while a vacuum
G195Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary
system removes wear debris generated during the test. The
Platform Abraser
resultingabrasionmarksformapatternofcrossedarcsoveran
3
2
2.2 Other Standards:
area of approximately 30 cm . Resistance to abrasion is
ISO 17076-1Leather-Determination of abrasion resistance
evaluated by visual inspection of damage to the specimen or
Part 1-Taber method
change in mass, as described in Section 14.
5. Significance and Use
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD31onLeather
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.
5.1 The resistance of leather to abrasion, as measured on a
Current edition approved April 1, 2022. Published May 2022. Originally
testing machine in the laboratory, is generally only one of
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as D7255–20. DOI:
several factors contributing to wear performance or durability
10.1520/D7255-22.
2
as experienced in the actual use of the material. While
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
“abrasion resistance” (often stated in terms of the number of
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
abrasion cycles) and “durability” are frequently related, the
the ASTM website.
3
relationship varies with different end uses and different factors
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org. may be necessary in any calculation of predicted durability
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7255 − 22
from
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7255 − 20 D7255 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Abrasion Resistance of Leather (Rotary Platform, Abraser
1
Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7255; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of leather using the rotary platform abraser.
NOTE 1—This test method is similar but not equivalent to ISO 17076-1, and results should not be directly compared between the two methods.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1517 Terminology Relating to Leather
D1610 Practice for Conditioning Leather and Leather Products for Testing
D2813 Practice for Sampling Leather for Physical and Chemical Tests
G195 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a Rotary Platform Abraser
3
2.2 Other Standards:
ISO 17076-1 Leather-Determination of abrasion resistance Part 1-Taber method
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 abraser—a wear testing instrument, also referred to as a rotary platform tester or abrader.
3.1.2 abrasion—the wearing away of any part of a material by rubbing against another surface.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D31 on Leather and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D31.07 on Physical Properties.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020April 1, 2022. Published September 2020May 2022. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20142020 as
D7255 – 14.D7255 – 20. DOI: 10.1520/D7255-20.10.1520/D7255-22.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7255 − 22
3.1.3 abrasion cycle—in abrasion testing, one or more movements of the abradant across a material surface, or the material
surface across the abradant, that permits a return to its starting position. In the case of the rotary platform test method, it consists
of one complete rotation of the specimen.
3.1.4 durability—the ability to withstand deterioration or wear out in use, including the effects of abrasion.
3.1.5 resurface—the preparation of an abrasive wheel on a refacing disc or diamond tool wheel refacer, prior to use in testing.
3.2 For definitions of other leather terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1517.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A specimen is abraded using rotary rubbing action under controlled conditions of pressure and abrasive action. The test
specimen, mounted on a turntable platform, turns on a vertical axis, against the sliding rotation of two abrading wheels. One
abrading wheel rubs the specimen outward toward the periphery and the other, inward toward the center, while a vacuum system
removes wear debris generated during the test. The resulting abrasion marks form a pattern of crossed arcs over an area of
2
approximately 30 cm . Resistance to abrasion is evaluated by visual inspection of damage to the specimen or change in mass, as
described in Section 14.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The resistance of leather to abrasion, as measured on a testing machine in the
...