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ASTM D2689-88(1999)

(Practice)

Standard Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn 2008)

Standard Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn 2008)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
These practices should be used as a reference for any alkyd resin analyst who wants general information about classifying alkyd resins. In each case, the significance and use of the specific classification item will be found in the referenced test method.6
SCOPE
1.1 These practices cover test methods for testing alkyd resins as listed in Table 1. They are the test methods most often used to characterize alkyds. All of the analytical test methods were subjected to interlaboratory testing using oil-modified alkyds. Their adaptability to other types of alkyds has not been studied. Although each test method specifies a recommended amount of specimen for starting a separate analysis, several of the procedures can be conducted on the same starting specimen, if desired. For example, the tests for unsaponifiable matter, fatty acid content, oil identification, and phthalic acid content could all be run on a consecutive basis, if all were required.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications, this practice was withdrawn in January 2008 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Publication Date
09-May-1999
Withdrawal Date
11-Feb-2008
ICS
87.060.20 - Binders
Technical Committee
D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
Drafting Committee
D01.33 - Polymers and Resins
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Referred By
ASTM D4302-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Artists’ Oil, Resin-Oil, and Alkyd Paints
Effective Date
10-May-1999

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ASTM D2689-88(1999) - Standard Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn 2008)ASTM D2689-88(1999) - Standard Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn 2008)
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ASTM D2689-88(1999) - Standard Practices for Testing Alkyd Resins (Withdrawn 2008)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2689–88(Reapproved1999)
Standard Practices for Testing
Alkyd Resins
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2689; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Test Methods for Testing Alkyd Resins
1. Scope
ASTM
1.1 These practices cover test methods for testing alkyd
Test Method Section
Designation
resins as listed inTable 1.They are the test methods most often
Nonvolatile content 4 D 1259
used to characterize alkyds. All of the analytical test methods
Acid value 5 D 1639
were subjected to interlaboratory testing using oil-modified
Unsaponifiable matter 6 D 1397
Fatty acid content 7 D 1398
alkyds. Their adaptability to other types of alkyds has not been
Identification of oils and acids 8 D 2245
studied. Although each test method specifies a recommended
Phthalic anhydride content 9 D 563
amount of specimen for starting a separate analysis, several of
D 1306
Isophthalic acid content 10 D 2690
the procedures can be conducted on the same starting speci-
men, if desired. For example, the tests for unsaponifiable
Polyhydric alcohol content 11 D 2998
matter, fatty acid content, oil identification, and phthalic acid
Identification of carboxylic acids 12 D 2455
Flash point 13 D 93
content could all be run on a consecutive basis, if all were
D 3278
required.
Color 14 D 1209
D 1544
2. Referenced Documents
Density 15 D 1475
Viscosity 16 D 1545
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Clarity 17 D 2090
D 93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
Closed Tester
D 563 Test Method for Phthalic Anhydride Content of
D 1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids
Alkyd Resins and Resin Solutions
by Bubble Time Method
D 1209 Test Method for Color of Clear Liquids (Platinum-
D 1639 Test Method for Acid Value of Organic Coating
Cobalt Scale)
Materials
D 1259 Test Methods for Nonvolatile Content of Resin
D 2090 Test Method for Clarity and Cleanness of Paint and
Solutions
Ink Liquids
D 1306 Test Method for Phthalic Anhydride Content of
D 2245 Test Method for Identification of Oils and OilAcids
Alkyd Resins and Esters Containing Other Dibasic Acids
in Solvent-Reducible Paints
(Gravimetric)
D 2455 Test Method for Identification of Carboxylic Acids
D 1397 Test Method for Unsaponifiable Matter in Alkyd
in Alkyd Resins
Resins and Resin Solutions
D 2690 Test Method for Isophthalic Acid in Alkyd and
D 1398 Test Method for Fatty Acid Content of Alkyd
Polyester Resins
Resins and Alkyd Resin Solutions
D 2998 Test Method for Polyhydric Alcohols in Alkyd
D 1475 Test Method for Density of Paint, Varnish, Lacquer,
Resins
and Related Products
D 3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Set-
D 1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids
aflash Closed-Cup Apparatus
(Gardner Color Scale)
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These practices should be used as a reference for any
These practices are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-1 on Paint alkyd resin analyst who wants general information about
and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility
classifying alkyd resins. In each case, the significance and use
of Subcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.
of the specific classification item will be found in the refer-
Current edition approved May 27, 1988. Published October 1988. Originally
enced test method.
published as D 2689 – 68. Last previous edition D 2689 – 80.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.03.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.04.
5 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 06.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vols 06.02 and 06.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2689
4. Nonvolatile Content 8. Identification of Oils and Oil Acids
8.1 The oils and oil acids contained in oil-modified alkyd
4.1 Aunique test method for determining nonvolatile matter
resins can be identified by gas chromatographic separation of
in solutions of alkyd resins in volatile organic solvents pro-
their methyl esters that are formed in the presence of margaric
vides for the drying of very thin films of resin quickly, thus
acid added as an internal standard. The test method is not
minimizing chances for volatiles to be trapped or drying oils to
applicable to fatty acids that have polymerized or oxidized to
oxidize. Test Method A of Test Methods D 1259, was thor-
such an extent that no characteristic monomeric fatty acids
oughly tested with alkyd resins with outstanding repeatability
remain. The test is conducted in accordance with Method
of 0.1 % and reproducibility of 0.2 %. This procedure, some-
D 2245, and the sample may be obtained as described therein
times referred to as the “foil” test method, should be consid-
orfrommaterialremainingfromthefattyaciddeterminationof
ered the “referee” test method for all alkyd analyses requiring
Section 7.
maximum precision.
9. Phthalic Anhydride Content
5. Acid Value
9.1 Alkyd resins that are known to contain phthalic anhy-
5.1 Acid value of an alkyd resin is expressed as the number
dride as the only dicarboxylic acid and are not modified with
ofmilligramsofpotassiumhydroxiderequiredtoneutralizethe
resins such as phenolics, urea- or melamine-formaldehyde may
free acidity of1gof nonvolatile material under the conditions
be analyzed in accordance with Test Method D 563. Styrene
of the test. Test Method D 1639, was especially prepared for
does not interfere so that styrenated alkyds may be tested by
this purpose.
the same test method.
9.2 Determination of phthalic anhydride in alkyd resins that
6. Unsaponifiable Matter
contain isomers of phthalic acid or other dibasic acids such as
maleic, fumaric, etc., must be made in accordance with Test
6.1 The unsaponifiable matter in alkyd resins is the ethyl
Method D 1306, in which the phthalic anhydride is determined
ether-soluble, water-insoluble portion that remains after a
gravimetrically as the lead salt.
relatively large specimen has been subjected to an aqueous-
alcoholic saponification. The yield is normally low and is an
10. Isophthalic Acid Content
indication of purity insofar as the pr
...

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