ASTM D4850-03a

Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included. Other terminology standards that have terms related to textile fabrics are shown in 2.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jul-2003
• ICS: 01.040.59 - Textile and leather technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 59.080.30 - Textile fabrics
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.59 - Fabric Physical Test Methods A

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4850-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D4850-03a(2007) - Standard Terminology Relating to Fabric
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D3884-22 - Standard Guide for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Rotary Platform Abrader Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6207-03(2019) - Standard Test Method for Dimensional Stability of Fabrics to Changes in Humidity and Temperature
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6614/D6614M-20 - Standard Test Method for Stretch Properties of Textile Fabrics – CRE Method
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4685/D4685M-15(2020) - Standard Test Method for Pile Fabric Abrasion
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3885-07A(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D5278/D5278M-09(2017) - Standard Test Method for Elongation of Narrow Elastic Fabrics (Static-Load Testing)
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3512/D3512M-22 - Standard Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Related Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random Tumble Pilling Tester
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2207-06(2023) - Standard Specification for Cured-in-Place Pipe Lining System for Rehabilitation of Metallic Gas Pipe
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D1424-21 - Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by Falling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4032-08(2016) - Standard Test Method for Stiffness of Fabric by the Circular Bend Procedure
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6797-15 - Standard Test Method for Bursting Strength of Fabrics Constant-Rate-of-Extension (CRE) Ball Burst Test
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6770-21 - Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Webbing (Hex Bar Method)
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3181-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on Textiles
• Effective Date: 10-Jul-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4850–03a
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Fabric
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4850; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope architectural-use, n—in the building trade, a descriptive term
for fabrics used in fabric roof-systems or similar industrial
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
applications. (See also fabric roof-system.) D 4851
used in the industry related to textile fabrics. Terms that are
bagging, n—any material, such as fabric or other suitable
generally understood or adequately defined in other readily
materialusedtoprotectcommoditiesduringshipmentand/or
available sources are not included. Other terminology stan-
storage.
dards that have terms related to textile fabrics are shown in 2.1
DISCUSSION—Fabrics may be of the woven, knitted, or non-woven
2. Referenced Documents
type, and are typically produced with cotton, jute, polyethylene, or
2.1 ASTM Standards:
polypropylene fibers. D 4850
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
bending length, n—(1) general—a measure of the interaction
D 3990 Terminology Relating to Fabric Defects
between fabric weight and fabric stiffness as shown by the
D 4848 Terminology for Force, Deformation and Related
way in which a fabric bends under its own weight. It reflects
Properties of Fabric
the stiffness of a fabric when bent in one plane under the
force of gravity, and is one component of drape; (2)
3. Terminology
specific—the cube root of the ratio of the flexural rigidity to
3.1 Definitions:
the weight per unit area. D 1388
abrasion, n—the wearing away of any part of a material by
book fold, n—a fabric doubled selvage to selvage, then folded
rubbing against another surface. D 3884, D 3885, D 3886,
back and forth upon itself in predetermined lengths. (See
D 4157, D 4158, D 4685, D 4966
also shoe fold.)
abrasion cycle, n—one complete movement across the surface
DISCUSSION—When the piece is completed, the fold-edges on each
of a material.
side are folded once more upon themselves so that the fold-edges are
inside, forming a compact package as long as one half the width of the
DISCUSSION—The complete movement for an abrasion cycle is
fabric. D 4850
dependent on the action of the abrasion machine and the test method
used. It may consist of one back-and-forth unidirectional movement or
bow, n—a fabric condition resulting when filling yarns or
one circular movement, or a combination of both. D 3885
knittedcoursesaredisplacedfromalineperpendiculartothe
air permeability, n—the rate of air flow passing perpendicular
selvages and form one or more arcs across the width of the
through a known area under a prescribed air pressure
fabric. (See also double bow.) D 3882, D 3990
differential between the two surfaces of a material.
braided fabric, n—astructureproducedbyinterlacingthreeor
more ends of yarns in a manner such that the paths of the
DISCUSSION—Air permeability of fabric at a stated pressure differen-
yarns are diagonal to the vertical axis of the fabric.
tialbetweentwosurfacesofthefabricisgenerallyexpressedinSIunits
3 2 3 2
D 4850
as cm /s/cm and in inch-pound units as ft /min/ft calculated in
broken end, n—in woven fabrics, a void in the warp direction
operating conditions. (See permeability, porosity.) D 737
due to yarn breakage. D 3990
air-supported roof, n—a fabric roof-system that is properly
burlap, n—a coarse, heavy, plain weave fabric of yarns, such
secured and primarily supported and held in place by air
as bast or cotton fiber yarn. D 4850
pressure. D 4851
bursting strength, n—theforceorpressurerequiredtorupture
a fabric by distending it with a force, applied at right angles
to the plane of the fabric, under specified conditions.
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
D 3786, D 3787, D 3887
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test Methods,
circular bend, n—simultaneous, multidirectional deformation
General.
of a fabric in which one face of a flat specimen becomes
Current edition approved July 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 4850 – 03. concave and the other becomes convex. D 4032
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4850–03a
coated fabric, n—a flexible material composed of a fabric and parallel to either the filling or the warp on a woven fabric in
any adherent polymeric material applied to one or both which minimum
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