ASTM D3487-16

Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus

ABSTRACT
This specification covers two types of new mineral insulating oils of petroleum origin for use as an insulating and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatuses, such as transformers, regulators, reactors, circuit breakers, switchgear, and attendant equipment. It is the intension of this specification to define a mineral insulating oil that is functionally interchangeable and miscible with existing oils, is compatible with existing apparatus and with appropriate field maintenance, and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristics in its application in electrical equipment. Type I mineral oils are used for apparatuses where normal oxidation resistance is required, where as, Type II mineral oils are used for apparatuses where greater oxidation resistance is required. When examined with corresponding test methods, sampled specimens shall conform accordingly to physical (aniline point, color, flash point, interfacial tension, pour point, relative density or specific gravity, viscosity, and appearance), electrical (dielectric breakdown voltage, gassing tendency, and dissipation or power factor), and chemical (oxidation stability, oxidation inhibitor content, corrosive sulfur content, water content, neutralization number, and PCB content) property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers unused mineral insulating oil of petroleum origin for use as an insulating and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers, regulators, reactors, circuit breakers, switchgear, and attendant equipment.  
1.2 This specification is intended to define a mineral insulating oil that is functionally interchangeable and miscible with existing oils, is compatible with existing apparatus and with appropriate field maintenance,2 and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristics in its application in electrical equipment. This specification applies only to new insulating oil as received prior to any processing.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jun-2016
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.01 - Mineral

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3487-09 - Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Replaced By: ASTM D3487-16e1 - Standard Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D1000-17 - Standard Test Methods for Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive-Coated Tapes Used for Electrical and Electronic Applications
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D350-21 - Standard Test Methods for Flexible Treated Sleeving Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D4768-11(2019) - Standard Test Method for Analysis of 2,6-Ditertiary-Butyl Para-Cresol and 2,6-Ditertiary-Butyl Phenol in Insulating Liquids by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D5837-15 - Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D1816-12(2019) - Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using VDE Electrodes
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D229-19e1 - Standard Test Methods for Rigid Sheet and Plate Materials Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D115-17 - Standard Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Varnishes Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D2440-13(2021) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Mineral Insulating Oil
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D3455-11(2019) - Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Construction Material with Electrical Insulating Oil of Petroleum Origin
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D5222-23 - Standard Specification for Less Flammable High Molecular Weight Hydrocarbon Mineral Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D117-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D3635-13(2021) - Standard Test Method for Dissolved Copper In Electrical Insulating Oil By Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016
• Referred By: ASTM D149-20 - Standard Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D3487 −16
Standard Specification for
1
Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3487; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope D923Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D924Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
1.1 This specification covers unused mineral insulating oil
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
of petroleum origin for use as an insulating and cooling
cal Insulating Liquids
medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical
D971Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against
apparatus, such as transformers, regulators, reactors, circuit
Water by the Ring Method
breakers, switchgear, and attendant equipment.
D974Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
1.2 This specification is intended to define a mineral insu-
Indicator Titration
latingoilthatisfunctionallyinterchangeableandmisciblewith
D1275Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insu-
existing oils, is compatible with existing apparatus and with
lating Liquids
2
appropriatefieldmaintenance, andwillsatisfactorilymaintain
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
its functional characteristics in its application in electrical
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
equipment.Thisspecificationappliesonlytonewinsulatingoil
ucts by Hydrometer Method
as received prior to any processing.
D1500Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as (ASTM Color Scale)
D1524Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Elec-
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard. trical Insulating Liquids in the Field
D1533Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by
2. Referenced Documents
Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
3
D1816Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Insulating Liquids Using VDE Electrodes
D92Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
D1903Practice for Determining the Coefficient of Thermal
Open Cup Tester
Expansion of Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum
D97Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
Origin, and Askarels
D117Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications
D2112Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited
for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
D2300Test Method for Gassing of Electrical Insulating
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
Liquids Under Electrical Stress and Ionization (Modified
ity)
Pirelli Method)
D611Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline
D2440Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Mineral
Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
Insulating Oil
D2668Test Method for 2,6-di-tert-Butyl- p-Cresol and 2,6-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
di-tert-Butyl Phenol in Electrical Insulating Oil by Infra-
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
red Absorp
mittee D27.01 on Mineral.
D2717Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Liquids
Current edition approved June 15, 2016. Published July 2016. Originally
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D3487–09.
D2766Test Method for Specific Heat of Liquids and Solids
DOI:10.1520/D3487-16.
D2864Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liq-
2
Refer to the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
uids and Gases
C57.106, Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Insulating Oil in Equipment.
D3300Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
Available from IEEE Operations Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-
4141, USA.
Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin Under Impulse Con-
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ditions
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
D4052Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D3487−16
D4059Test Method for Analysis of Polychlorinated Biphe- If temperatures higher than those recommended for the
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D3487 − 09 D3487 − 16
Standard Specification for
1
Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3487; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers newunused mineral insulating oil of petroleum origin for use as an insulating and cooling medium
in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers, regulators, reactors, circuit breakers,
switchgear, and attendant equipment.
1.2 This specification is intended to define a mineral insulating oil that is functionally interchangeable and miscible with existing
2
oils, is compatible with existing apparatus and with appropriate field maintenance, and will satisfactorily maintain its functional
characteristics in its application in electrical equipment. This specification applies only to new insulating oil as received prior to
any processing.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D88 Test Method for Saybolt Viscosity
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D117 Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
D877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical
Insulating Liquids
D971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring Method
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D1275 Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Liquids
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D1524 Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Liquids in the Field
D1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D1816 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using VDE Electrodes
D1903 Practice for Determining the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum Origin, and
Askarels
D2112 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Inhibited Mineral Insulating Oil by Pressure Vessel
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.01
on Mineral.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2009June 15, 2016. Published December 2009July 2016. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 20082009 as
D3487 – 08. DOI:10.1520/D3487-09.D3487 – 09. DOI:10.1520/D3487-16.
2
Refer to American National Standard C 57.106. the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) C 57.106, Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of
Insulating Oil in Equipment (IEEE Standard 64). Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036,
http://www.ansi.org.Equipment. Available from IEEE Operations Center, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-4141, USA.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D3487 − 16
D2300 Test Method for Gassing of Electrical Insulating Liquids Under Electrical Stress and Ionization (Modified P
...