ASTM D5610-94(2008)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Defining Initial Conditions in Groundwater Flow Modeling
Standard Guide for Defining Initial Conditions in Groundwater Flow Modeling
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Accurate definition of initial hydrologic conditions is an essential part of conceptualizing and modeling transient groundwater flow, because results of a simulation may be heavily dependent upon the initial conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques and procedures used in defining initial conditions for modeling saturated groundwater flow. The specification of initial conditions is an essential part of conceptualizing and modeling groundwater systems.
1.2 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D5610 −94(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Guide for
Defining Initial Conditions in Groundwater Flow Modeling
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.3 flux—the volume of fluid crossing a unit cross-
sectional surface area per unit time.
1.1 This guide covers techniques and procedures used in
3.1.4 groundwater flow model—an application of a math-
defining initial conditions for modeling saturated groundwater
ematical model to represent a groundwater flow system.
flow. The specification of initial conditions is an essential part
of conceptualizing and modeling groundwater systems.
3.1.5 hydraulic conductivity—(field aquifer tests), the vol-
ume of water at the existing kinematic viscosity that will move
1.2 This guide offers an organized collection of information
in a unit time under unit hydraulic gradient through a unit area
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
measured at right angles to the direction of flow.
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
3.1.6 hydrologic condition—a set of groundwater inflows or
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
outflows, boundary conditions, and hydraulic properties that
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
causes potentiometric heads to adopt a distinct pattern.
sent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of
3.1.7 simulation—one complete execution of the computer
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
program, including input and output.
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
3.1.8 transmissivity—the volume of water at the existing
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
kinematic viscosity that will move in a unit time under a unit
document means only that the document has been approved
hydraulic gradient through a unit width of the aquifer.
through the ASTM consensus process.
3.1.9 unconfined aquifer—an aquifer that has a water table.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.10 For definitions of other terms used in this test
2.1 ASTM Standards:
method, see Terminology D653.
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
Fluids 4. Significance and Use
D5447 Guide forApplication of a Groundwater Flow Model
4.1 Accurate definition of initial hydrologic conditions is an
to a Site-Specific Problem
essential part of conceptualizing and modeling transient
D5609 Guide for Defining Boundary Conditions in Ground-
groundwater flow, because results of a simulation may be
Water Flow Modeling
heavily dependent upon the initial conditions.
3. Terminology
5. Initial Conditions
3.1 Definitions:
5.1 Initial hydrologic conditions for a flow system are
3.1.1 aquifer, confined—an aquifer bounded above and be-
represented by the head distribution throughout the flow
low by confining beds and in which the static head is above the
system at some particular time corresponding to the antecedent
top of the aquifer.
hydrologic conditions in the aquifer system. The specified
3.1.2 conceptual model—an interpretation or working de-
heads can be considered reference heads; calculated changes in
scription of the characteristics of the physical system.
head through time will be relative to these given heads, and the
time represented by these heads becomes the reference time.
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock As a convenience, this reference time is usually specified as
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
zero time or initial time. Time is reckoned from this zero time
Vadose Zone Investigations.
or initial time. In more formal terms, an initial condition gives
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
approved in 1994. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D5610 – 94 (2002).
DOI: 10.1520/D5610-94R08.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Franke, O. L., Reilly, T. E., and Bennett, G. D., “Definition of Boundary and
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Initial Conditions in the Analysis of Ground-Water Flow Systems—An
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Introduction,” Techniques of Water-Resources Investigations of the United States
the ASTM website. Geological Survey, Book 3, Chapter B5, 1987.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5610−94 (2008)
head as a function
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