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ASTM D5763-95(2001)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware

Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware

SCOPE
1.1 This test method overs the determination of the oxidation characteristics of extreme pressure and non-extreme pressure gear oils and includes the quantitative determination of total sludge, viscosity change, and oil loss.
Note 1—While the round-robin tests used ISO VG 220 extreme pressure gear oils for developing precision data, the test method can be extended to other viscosity grades and to non-extreme pressure gear oils. Refer to Classification D 2422 for viscosity grades.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Aug-1995
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.09.0D - Oxidation of Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5763-95 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware
Effective Date
15-Aug-1995
Replaced By
ASTM D5763-95(2006) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware
Effective Date
01-Nov-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4871-11(2022) - Standard Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability Test Apparatus
Effective Date
15-Aug-1995

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ASTM D5763-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal GlasswareASTM D5763-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware
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ASTM D5763-95(2001) - Standard Test Method for Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils Using Universal Glassware
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation:D5763–95 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Test Method for
Oxidation and Thermal Stability Characteristics of Gear Oils
1
Using Universal Glassware
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5763; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the oxida- 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
tion characteristics of extreme pressure and non-extreme pres- 3.1.1 adherentsludge,n—sludgethatisformedonthewalls
sure gear oils and includes the quantitative determination of of a container and is not easily removed.
total sludge, viscosity change, and oil loss. 3.1.2 aliquot, n—portion of sample being tested that is a
representative portion of the whole.
NOTE 1—While the round-robin tests used ISO VG 220 extreme
3.1.3 extreme pressure gear oil, n—gear oil that contains
pressure gear oils for developing precision data, the test method can be
chemical additives, such as sulfur and phosphorus compounds,
extended to other viscosity grades and to non-extreme pressure gear oils.
Refer to Classification D 2422 for viscosity grades. whichproduceaprotectivefilmonthemetalsurfacetoprovide
anti-scuffing and anti-scoring properties.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.4 filterable sludge, n—sludge that is formed in the oil.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1.5 non-extreme pressure gear oil, n, n—gear oil that
only.
contains no extreme pressure additives.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.6 oxidation, n—the process by which oxygen chemi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
cally reacts with materials.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.7 sludge, n—in gear oils, a precipitate that sometimes
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
forms as the oil ages or oxidizes.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.8 universal glassware, n—the glassware that is de-
2. Referenced Documents scribed in the universal oxidation thermal stability test. Refer
to Guide D 4871.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
4. Summary of Test Method
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
2 4.1 The viscosity of the gear oil being tested is determined.
Viscosity)
A100-galiquotoftheoilinaweighedapparatusissubjectedto
D 2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by
2 a temperature of 120°C for 312 h while dry air is passed
Viscosity System
through the aliquot at 3 L/h.
D 2893 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of
2 4.2 At the end of the stress period, the aliquot is cooled to
Extreme-Pressure Lubrication Oils
room temperature.The apparatus is reweighed to determine oil
D 4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
3 loss. Filterable sludge is recovered by vacum filtration using a
Petroleum Products
2.8-µm glass fiber filter medium. The viscosity of the filtered
D 4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability
3 oil is determined. Sludge adhering to the oxidation cell and
Test Apparatus
4 associated glassware is rinsed with heptane and the washings
E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
passed through the same filter used to filter the filterable
sludge. The filter is dried in an oven to a constant weight to
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on determine the total filterable sludge.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.3 The apparatus is dried and weighed to determine the
D02.09 on Oxidation.
amountofadherentsludge.Thesumofthefilterablesludgeand
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1995. Published October 1995.
2
adherent sludge is reported as total sludge. The percentage
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
change in viscosity and percent oil loss are also reported.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5763–95 (2001)
5. Significance and Use 6.10 Thermometer, ASTM solvent distillation thermometer
having a range from 98 to 152°C and conforming to the
5.1 Degradation of gear oils by oxidation or thermal break-
requirement for Thermometer 41C in accordance with Speci-
down, or both, can result in sludge buildup and render the oil
fication E 1.
unsuitable for further use as a lubricant.
6.11
...

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1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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