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ASTM D7626-10

(Test Method)

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay

Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This standard test method is intended as an index test to determine the organic treat loading of organophilic clay. This standard test method can be used for manufacturing quality control and construction quality assurance material evaluation.
The percent organic treat loading of organophilic clay is a relative indicator of its adsorptive capacity. Organophilic clay is used for remediation of contaminated sediment, soil, and groundwater.
The two test methods denote different devices, a muffle furnace and a thermal gravimetric analyzer. The thermal gravimetric analyzer may be programmed to reach a higher temperature than the muffle furnace, but the organic matter will be burnt off at 750 °C.
Note 2—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers two index test methods that can be used in the evaluation of the amount of organic compound chemically bonded to the base clay portion of a representative sample of organophilic clay.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.
1.3.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of the reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2010
ICS
91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
Technical Committee
D18 - Soil and Rock
Drafting Committee
D18.21 - Groundwater and Vadose Zone Investigations
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7626-19 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay
Effective Date
01-Feb-2019

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ASTM D7626-10 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic ClayASTM D7626-10 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay
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ASTM D7626-10 - Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7626 − 10
Standard Test Methods for
Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic
1
Clay
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7626; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
1.1 This standard covers two index test methods that can be
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
used in the evaluation of the amount of organic compound
D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
chemically bonded to the base clay portion of a representative
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
sample of organophilic clay.
Construction Materials Testing
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Data
standard.
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-
Ventilation Ovens
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
3. Terminology
Practice D6026.
1.3.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/ 3.1 Definitions—For common definitions of terms in this
recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the standard, refer to Terminology D653.
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
3.2.1 base clay, n—an untreated naturally occurring clay
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
(e.g., bentonite, kaolinite).
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
3.2.2 organic treat loading, n—the amount of organic com-
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
pound chemically bonded to the base clay portion of an
increase or reduce significant digits of the reported data to be
organophilic clay.
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
3.2.3 organophilic, adj—having a strong affinity for oil and
of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
other insoluble organic compounds.
methods for engineering design.
3.2.4 organophilic clay, n—a manufactured oleophilic ma-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
terial consisting of base clay to which an organic compound
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
has been chemically bonded to the clay surface.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4. Summary of Test Methods
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 Test Method A—Moisture content is determined by
drying an organophilic clay specimen at 160 °C in an oven or
2. Referenced Documents
2 muffle furnace.The moisture content is expressed as a percent-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
age of the as-received mass. The ash content of the organo-
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
philic clay specimen is determined by igniting the dried
Fluids
specimen from the moisture content determination in a muffle
furnace at 750 °C.
1
4.2 Test Method B—An organophilic clay specimen is
These test methods are under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil
andRockandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD18.21onGroundwater
heated at a controlled rate in a thermal gravimetric analyzer.
and Vadose Zone Investigations.
Percent moisture content and ash are taken from thermal
Current edition approved May 1, 2010. Published June 2010. DOI: 10.1520/
gravimetric analyzer report.
D7626-10.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.3 Some volatile structural matter within the base clay will
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
be lost during the last stage of heating. Organic treat loading is
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. determined on a dry weight basis by a calculation that accounts
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7626 − 10
for the moisture content, ash, and a nominal percent of volatile 8. Procedures
structural matter within the base clay.
8.1 Test Method A—Oven or Muffle Furnace or Combina-
NOTE 1—The supplier of the organophilic clay must be able to verify
tions Thereof:
with historical data the nominal
...

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5.1 Rock for erosion control consists of individual pieces of natural quarried stone or large boulders and cobbles. The ability of these individual pieces of stone to resist deterioration due to weathering action affects the stability of the integral placement of rock for erosion control and hence, the stability of construction projects, structures, shorelines, and stream banks.  
5.2 Deterioration of stone in this test is one indicator that similar samples exposed to wet/dry and freeze/thaw cycles may break down in a water-soaked environment condition in service.  
5.3 This test method was developed to be used in conjunction with additional test methods listed in Practice D4992. This test method provides a quantitative value indicating potential resistance to weathering; however, the results of this test method are not to be used as the sole basis for the determination of rock durability.
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5.1 Rock for erosion control consists of individual pieces of natural stone. The ability of these individual pieces of stone to resist deterioration due to weathering action affects the stability of the integral placement of rock for erosion control and hence, the stability of construction projects, structures, shorelines, and stream banks.  
5.2 The sodium sulfate or magnesium sulfate soundness test is one method by which to estimate qualitatively the durability of rock under weathering conditions. This test method was developed to be used in conjunction with additional test methods listed in Practice D4992. This test method does not provide an absolute value, but rather an indication of the resistance to freezing and thawing; therefore, the results of this test method are not to be used as the sole basis for the determination of rock durability.  
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Note 1: The quality of results produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors and Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of them.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers test procedures for evaluating the soundness of rock for erosion control by the effects of a sodium or magnesium sulfate solution on slabs of rock. It is an accelerated weathering test. The rock slabs, prepared in accordance with procedures in Practice D5121, are intended to be representative of erosion control sized materials and their inherent weaknesses. The test is appropriate for breakwater stone, armor stone, riprap and gabion sized rock materials.  
1.1.1 The limitations of this test are twofold. First the test is a simulation of freezing and thawing conditions using accelerated life cycling techniques. The test evaluates the internal expansive force derived from the rehydration of the salt upon re-immersion, an event that may not occur in some natural environments, to simulate the expansion of water rather than the actual freezing of water. Secondly, the size of the cut rock slab specimens may eliminate some of the internal defects present in the rock structure. The test specimens may not be representative of the quality of the larger rock samples used in construction. Careful examination of the rock source and proper sampling are essential in minimizing this limitation.  
1.2 The use of reclaimed concrete and other materials for erosion control is beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.3.1 The gravitational system of inch-pound units is used when dealing with inch-pound units. In this system, the pound (lbf) represents a unit of force (weight), while the unit for mass is slugs. The slug unit is not given unless dynamic (F=ma) calculations are involved.  
1.3.2 It is common practice in the engineering/construction profession to concurrently use pounds to represent both a unit of mass (lbm) and of force (lbf). This practi...

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ASTM
ASTM D6910/D6910M-19(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Marsh Funnel Viscosity of Construction Slurries

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Viscosity is a fundamental characteristic for slurries in construction applications. The Marsh Funnel Viscosity test can be used for field quality control of slurries. Relative changes in slurry viscosity can be identified using Marsh Funnel measurements and modifications can be made to mixing and handling procedures.
Note 1: The development of the Marsh Funnel is credited to Hallan N. Marsh of Los Angeles who published the design and use of his funnel viscometer in 1931.  
5.2 This test method allows for the assessment of the apparent viscosity of construction slurries in the laboratory and in the field. The Marsh Funnel Viscosity is not a true viscosity, it is an index value and can only be used to assess the relative viscosity of the slurry to water. Higher MFV values are obtained for slurries with higher viscosity and lower MFV values are obtained for slurries with lower viscosity.  
5.3 In this test, it is assumed that the apparent viscosity of a slurry is directly related to the flow duration through a specially shaped funnel (the Marsh Funnel).  
5.4 In slurry construction applications, the viscosity of a slurry must be maintained within a predetermined range to stabilize the surrounding soil being supported.  
5.5 The Marsh Funnel Viscosity has been widely used in drilling soil and rock for water wells and oil, gas, soil stabilization, foundation drilling, and hydraulic barrier applications.  
5.6 Inert suspended solids (such as fine sands, clays, and cement) and additives affect the viscosity of slurries. This test may be used to determine the relative effects of these and other such materials on the viscosity of a slurry.
Note 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling/inspection/etc. Us...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method provides an indirect measurement of the viscosity of construction slurries using a funnel (Marsh Funnel) and a graduated cup with specific volume marks. This test method provides an indicator of the viscosity on a routine basis. This test method has been modified from the API Recommended Practice 13B-1.  
1.2 The result determined using the method is referred to as the Marsh Funnel Viscosity. The Marsh Funnel Viscosity is an index property and is not an actual measurement of viscosity.  
1.3 This test can be performed in the laboratory or in the field to assess the Marsh Funnel Viscosity of a slurry for quality control purposes.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7626-19e1(Test Method)
Standard Test Methods for Determining the Organic Treat Loading of Organophilic Clay

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This standard test method is intended as an index test to determine the organic treat loading of organophilic clay. This standard test method can be used for manufacturing quality control and construction quality assurance material evaluation.  
5.2 The percent organic treat loading of organophilic clay is a relative indicator of its adsorptive capacity. Organophilic clay is used for remediation of contaminated sediment, soil, and groundwater.  
5.3 The two test methods denote different devices, a muffle furnace and a thermal gravimetric analyzer. The thermal gravimetric analyzer may be programmed to reach a higher temperature than the muffle furnace, but the organic matter will be burnt off at 750 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This standard covers two index test methods that can be used in the evaluation of the amount of organic compound chemically bonded to the base clay portion of a representative sample of organophilic clay.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
Note 1: This standard is presented using SI units. Use of units other than SI is allowed. However, if other units are used, the performance of a units conversion check of the calculations should be included as a part of the calculations.  
1.3 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.  
1.3.1 Two test methods are provided in this standard. The methods differ in equipment, the size of the specimen (mass) required and the significant digits reported.  
1.3.2 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of the reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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