ASTM E2544-11a

Standard Terminology for Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology contains common terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an effort to standardize terminology used for 3D imaging systems.  
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are obtained from various standard documents developed by various standards development organizations. The intent is not to change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in a single document, terms and their definitions that may be used in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two standards have been presented to provide additional reference. The text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the name (and, in some cases, the specific section) of the source of the definition associated with that term.
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by this committee for 3D imaging systems. Some terms may have generally accepted definitions in a particular community or are defined in existing standards. If there are conflicting definitions, our preference is to adapt (modify) the ISO standard (if available) for this standard.
1.4 A definition in this terminology is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single sentence with additional information included in notes or discussions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still appropriate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined necessary.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-May-2011
• ICS: 01.040.35 - Information technology (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 35.140 - Computer graphics
• Technical Committee: E57 - 3D Imaging Systems
• Drafting Committee: E57.01 - Division I - Resources

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E2544-11 - Standard Terminology for Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E3125-17 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Point-to-Point Distance Measurement Performance of Spherical Coordinate 3D Imaging Systems in the Medium Range
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2938-15 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Relative-Range Measurement Performance of 3D Imaging Systems in the Medium Range
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2807-11(2019)e1 - Standard Specification for 3D Imaging Data Exchange, Version 1.0
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2919-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Performance of Systems that Measure Static, Six Degrees of Freedom (6DOF), Pose
• Effective Date: 15-May-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: E2544 − 11a
Standard Terminology for
1
Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2544; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 Thisterminologycontainscommonterms,definitionsof
E456Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms
3
associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an
2.2 ASME Standard:
efforttostandardizeterminologyusedfor3Dimagingsystems.
B89.4.19Performance Evaluation of Laser Based Spherical
Coordinate Measurement Systems
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are ob-
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
tained from various standard documents developed by various
VIMInternational vocabulary of metrology -- Basic and
standards development organizations. The intent is not to
general concepts and associated terms
change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in
ISO 11146–1 Lasers and laser-related equipment — Test
asingledocument,termsandtheirdefinitionsthatmaybeused
methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and
in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
beam propagation ratios — Part 1: Stigmatic and simple
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two
astigmatic beams
standards have been presented to provide additional reference.
5
2.4 NIST/SEMATECH Standard:
The text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the
NIST/SEMATECHe-Handbook of Statistical Methods
name(and,insomecases,thespecificsection)ofthesourceof
the definition associated with that term.
3. Terminology
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by
3.1 Definitions:
thiscommitteefor3Dimagingsystems.Sometermsmayhave
accuracy of measurement, n—closeness of the agreement
generallyaccepteddefinitionsinaparticularcommunityorare
between the result of a measurement and a true value of the
defined in existing standards. If there are conflicting
measurand. (VIM 3.5)
definitions, our preference is to adapt (modify) the ISO
DISCUSSION—
standard (if available) for this standard.
(1)Accuracy is a qualitative concept.
1.4 A definition in this terminology is a statement of the (2)Theterm“precision”shouldnotbeusedfor“accuracy.”
meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single
bias (of a measuring instrument), n—systematic error of the
sentence with additional information included in notes or
indication of a measuring instrument. (VIM 3.25)
discussions.
DISCUSSION—
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the (1)The bias of a measuring instrument is normally esti-
mated by averaging the error of indication over an appropriate
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
number of repeated measurements.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still
Standards volumeinformation,refertothestandard’sDocumentSummarypageon
appropriateasstated.Revisionswillbemadewhendeterminednecessary.
the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
1 4
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee E57 on 3D Imaging Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E57.01 on Terminology. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100
approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20110 as E2544 – 11. DOI: Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov.
10.1520/E2544-11A. e-Handbook available at http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2544 − 11a
bias, n—differencebetweentheaverageorexpectedvalueofa (2)The display may be analog (continuous or discontinu-
distribution and the true value. ous) or digital.
(NIST/SEMAT
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E2544–11 Designation: E2544 – 11a
Standard Terminology for
1
Three-Dimensional (3D) Imaging Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2544; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology contains common terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms
associated with three-dimensional (3D) imaging systems in an effort to standardize terminology used for 3D imaging systems.
1.2 The definitions of the terms presented in 3.1 are obtained from various standard documents developed by various standards
development organizations. The intent is not to change these universally accepted definitions but to gather, in a single document,
terms and their definitions that may be used in current or future standards for 3D imaging systems.
1.2.1 In some cases, definitions of the same term from two standards have been presented to provide additional reference. The
text in parentheses to the right of each defined term is the name (and, in some cases, the specific section) of the source of the
definition associated with that term.
1.3 The definitions in 3.2 are specific terms developed by this committee for 3D imaging systems. Some terms may have
generally accepted definitions in a particular community or are defined in existing standards. If there are conflicting definitions,
our preference is to adapt (modify) the ISO standard (if available) for this standard.
1.4 Adefinition in this terminology is a statement of the meaning of a word or word group expressed in a single sentence with
additional information included in notes or discussions.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a five-year basis to determine if the definition is still appropriate
as stated. Revisions will be made when determined necessary.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3
2.2 ASME Standard:
B89.4.19 Performance Evaluation of Laser Based Spherical Coordinate Measurement Systems
4
2.3 ISO Standard:
VIM International vocabulary of metrology -- Basic and general concepts and associated terms
ISO 11146–1 Lasers and laser-related equipment — Test methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and beam
propagation ratios — Part 1: Stigmatic and simple astigmatic beams
5
2.4 NIST/SEMATECH Standard:
NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
accuracyofmeasurement, n—closenessoftheagreementbetweentheresultofameasurementandatruevalueofthemeasurand.
(VIM 3.5)
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee E57 on 3D Imaging Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E57.01 on Terminology.
Current edition approvedApril 1,May 15, 2011. Published MayJune 2011. Originally approved in 2007. Last previous edition approved in 20110 as E2544 – 10.11. DOI:
10.1520/E2544-11A.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Three Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
4
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
5
Available from National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 1070, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1070, http://www.nist.gov. e-Handbook
available at http://www.itl.nist.gov/div898/handbook/.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E2544 – 11a
DISCUSSION—
(1) Accuracy is a qualitative concept.
(2) The term “precision” should not be used for “accuracy.”
bias (of a measuring instrument), n—systematic error of the indication o
...