ASTM D5304-11

Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results of this test method are useful in ranking a specific fuel sample against other specific fuel samples or standards with or without stabilizer additives when tested under identical conditions. This test method is not meant to relate a specific fuel to specific field handling and storage conditions. The formation of insolubles is affected by the material present in the storage container and by the ambient conditions. Since this test method is conducted in glass under standardized conditions, the results from different fuels can be compared on a common basis.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as Grade No. 1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance with Specification D975.
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined fuels or fuels already in storage.
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabilizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested test times and temperatures for which this test method may be used.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.4, 10.1, and 10.2.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-May-2011
• ICS: 75.080 - Petroleum products in general
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.14 - Stability, Cleanliness and Compatibility of Liquid Fuels

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5304-06 - Standard Test Method for Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by Oxygen Overpressure
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D6469-20 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination in Fuels and Fuel Systems
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D975-23 - Standard Specification for Diesel Fuel
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011
• Referred By: ASTM D4054-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of New Aviation Turbine Fuels and Fuel Additives
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5304 − 11
StandardTest Method for
Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by
1
Oxygen Overpressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for
potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as
Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
Grade No. 1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
with Specification D975.
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined
3. Terminology
fuels or fuels already in storage.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabi-
3.1.1 membrane filter, n—a porous article of closely con-
lizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives.
trolled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate
matter in suspension.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested
test times and temperatures for which this test method may be
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
used.
3.2.1 oxygen overpressure, n—partial pressures of oxygen
higher than that of air at atmospheric pressure.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.2.2 potential storage stability, n—the tendency of a fuel to
only.
form insolubles under the conditions of this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.3 reactor, n—any vessel capable of sustaining pressures
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
and temperatures above ambient, sometimes designated pres-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sure vessel.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.4 weighing assembly, n—a set of two filters and two
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
aluminum weighing dishes used to determine total insolubles
warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.4, 10.1, and 10.2.
for each sample or blank.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 A 100 mL aliquot of filtered fuel is placed in a
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (In-
borosilicate glass container. The container is placed in a
duction Period Method)
pressure vessel which has been preheated to 90°C. The
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
pressure vessel is pressurized with oxygen to 800 kPa (abso-
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
lute) (100 psig) for the duration of the test.The pressure vessel
Petroleum Products
is placed in a forced air oven at 90°C for 16 h. (Warning—
Observe all normal precautions while using oxygen under
pressure and at high temperatures in the presence of combus-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
tible liquids. Appropriate shielding should be used for any
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
containers under pressure. Pressurize and depressurize the
D02.14 on Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
containers slowly using appropriate personnel shielding. Never
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2011.PublishedJuly2011.Originallyapproved
attempt to open the pressure vessel while it is pressurized. All
in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D5304–06. DOI: 10.1520/
D5304-11.
fuel and solvent handling should be done in an appropriate
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
fume hood only.) After aging and cooling, the total amount of
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
fuel insoluble products is determined gravimetrically and
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. corrected according to blank determinations.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D5304 − 11
5. Significance and Use blank containers). The pressure vessel(s) (reactor(s)) must be
obtained only from commercial sources.
5.1 The results of this test method are useful in ranking a
specific fuel sample against other spe
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5304–06 Designation:D5304–11
Standard Test Method for
Assessing Middle Distillate Fuel Storage Stability by
1
Oxygen Overpressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for assessing the potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels such as Grade No.
1D and Grade No. 2D diesel fuels, in accordance with Specification D975.
1.2 This test method is applicable to either freshly refined fuels or fuels already in storage.
1.3 This test method is suitable for fuels containing stabilizer additives as well as fuels containing no such additives.
1.4 Appendix X1 provides information on other suggested test times and temperatures for which this test method may be used.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 4.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.4, 10.1, and 10.2.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D525 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
3. Terminology
3.1Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 membrane filter, n—a thin medium of closely controlled pore size through which a liquid is passed and on which
particulate matter in suspension is retained.
3.1.2oxygen overpressure—a porous article of closely controlled pore size through which a liquid is passed to separate matter
in suspension.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 oxygen overpressure, n—partial pressures of oxygen higher than that of air at atmospheric pressure.
3.1.3potential storage stability
3.2.2 potential storage stability, n—the tendency of a fuel to form insolubles under the conditions of this test method.
3.1.43.2.3 reactor, n—any vessel capable of sustaining pressures and temperatures above ambient, sometimes designated
pressure vessel or bomb. vessel.
3.1.53.2.4 weighing assembly, n—a set of two filters and two aluminum weighing dishes used to determine total insolubles for
each sample or blank.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.14 on
Stability and Cleanliness of Liquid Fuels.
Current edition approved MayJune 1, 2006.2011. Published May 2006.July 2011. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20052006 as
D5304–05.D5304–06. DOI: 10.1520/D5304-06. 10.1520/D5304-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5304–11
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A100mLaliquotoffilteredfuelisplacedinaborosilicateglasscontainer.Thecontainerisplacedinapressurevesselwhich
has been preheated to 90°C. The pressure vessel is pressurized with oxygen to 800 kPa (absolute) (100 psig) for the duration of
thetest.Thepressurevesselisplacedinaforcedairovenat90°Cfor16h.(Warning—Observeallnormalprecautionswhileusing
oxygen under pressure and at high temperatures in the presence of combustible liquids. Appropriate shielding should be used for
any containers under pressure. Pressurize and depressurize the c
...