ASTM D2711-17
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
Standard Test Method for Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D2711 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 4. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability 4.1 For Oils That Do Not Contain Extreme Pressure (EP)
of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for Additives—A 405 mL sample of the oil and 45 mL of distilled
use in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
water are stirred together for 5 min at 82 °C in a special
graduated separatory funnel.After a 5 h settling period follow-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
ing the stirring, a percentage of the water in the oil and the
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil are
standard.
measured and recorded.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.2 For Oils That Contain Extreme Pressure (EP)
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Additives—A 360 mL sample of the oil and 90 mL of distilled
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
water are stirred together for 5 min at 82 °C in a special
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
graduated separatory funnel.After a 5 h settling period follow-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing the stirring, percentage of water in the oil and the volumes
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ofwaterandemulsionseparatingfromtheoilaremeasuredand
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
recorded.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Significance and Use
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsi-
bility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water
2. Referenced Documents
contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping
2
and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by 6. Apparatus
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
6.1 Stirrer, constructed from parts shown in Figs. 1-3.
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
NOTE 1—An air pressure driven motor is suggested to avoid any
Fuels, and Lubricants
potential electrical sparking hazard.
3. Terminology 6.2 Special Graduated Separatory Funnel, as shown in Fig.
4.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 demulsibility, n—in petroleum products, the ability of 6.3 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep to permit the
a mixture of liquids (usually hydrocarbons and water) to immersion of at least two test separatory funnels in the bath
separate into its components after the mixture has been liquid up to their 500 mL graduation mark. The bath shall be
vigorously agitated. D4175 capable of maintaining a temperature of 82 °C 6 1 °C and
shall be so equipped to hold the separatory funnels securely in
a position so that the vertical axis of the stirrer corresponds to
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
thecenterlineoftheseparatoryfunnelduringthemixingofthe
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
oil and water.
Subcommittee D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved June 1, 2017. Published June 2017. Originally
NOTE 2—The use of silicone oil as a bath medium is discouraged, since
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D2711 – 11. DOI:
any contamination into the oil/water mixture may cause erroneous results.
10.1520/D2711-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 6.4 Centrifuge, as described in Test Method D1796.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.5 Centrifuge Tubes, long-form, 195 mm to 203 mm as
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. described in Fig. 1 of Test Method D1796.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D2711 − 17
FIG. 1 Stirrer
7. Materials 9. Procedure A for Oils That Do N
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2711 − 11 D2711 − 17
Standard Test Method for
1
Demulsibility Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2711; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the ability of oil and water to separate from each other. It is intended for use
in testing medium and high-viscosity lubricating oils.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 demulsibility, n—in petroleum products, the ability of a mixture of liquids (usually hydrocarbons and water) to separate
into its components after the mixture has been vigorously agitated. D4175
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 For Oils That Do Not Contain Extreme Pressure (EP) Additives—A 405-mL405 mL sample of the oil and 45 mL 45 mL
of distilled water are stirred together for 5 min 5 min at 82°C82 °C in a special graduated separatory funnel. After a 5-h5 h settling
period following the stirring, a percentage of the water in the oil and the volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil
are measured and recorded.
4.2 For Oils That Contain Extreme Pressure (EP) Additives—A 360-mL360 mL sample of the oil and 90 mL 90 mL of distilled
water are stirred together for 5 min 5 min at 82°C82 °C in a special graduated separatory funnel. After a 5-h5 h settling period
following the stirring, percentage of water in the oil and the volumes of water and emulsion separating from the oil are measured
and recorded.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test provides a guide for determining the demulsibility characteristic of lubricating oils that are prone to water
contamination and may encounter the turbulence of pumping and circulation capable of producing water-in-oil emulsions.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0.01 on Metal Removal Fluids and Lubricants.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2011June 1, 2017. Published November 2011June 2017. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as
D2711D2711 – 11.–10. DOI: 10.1520/D2711-11.10.1520/D2711-17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2711 − 17
FIG. 1 Stirrer
6. Apparatus
6.1 Stirrer, constructed from parts shown in Figs. 1-3.
NOTE 1—An air pressure driven motor is suggested to avoid any potential electrical sparking hazard.
6.2 Special Graduated Separatory Funnel, as shown in Fig. 4.
6.3 Heating Bath, sufficiently large and deep to permit the immersion of at least two test separatory funnels in the bath liquid
up to their 500-mL500 mL graduation mark. The bath shall be capable of maintaining a temperature of 8282 °C 6 1°C1 °C and
shall be so equipped to hold the separatory funnels securely in a position so that the vertical axis of the stirrer corresponds to the
...
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