ASTM D1505-98e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of solid plastics.
1.2 This test method is based on observing the level to which a test specimen sinks in a liquid column exhibiting a density gradient, in comparison with standards of known density.
Note 1—The comparable ISO method is R1183-1987.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: D 1505 – 98
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
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e NOTE—Editorially changed 7.2.1 to clarify the location for liquid selection in April 2002.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density 3.1 Definition:
of solid plastics. 3.1.1 density of plastics—the weight per unit volume of
1.2 This test method is based on observing the level to material at 23°C, expressed as follows:
which a test specimen sinks in a liquid column exhibiting a
23C 3
D , g/cm
density gradient, in comparison with standards of known
(1)
density.
NOTE 2—Density is to be distinguished from specific gravity, which is
NOTE 1—The comparable ISO method is R1183-1987.
the ratio of the weight of a given volume of the material to that of an equal
volume of water at a stated temperature.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The density of a solid is a conveniently measurable
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
property which is frequently useful as a means of following
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
physical changes in a sample, as an indication of uniformity
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
among samples, and a means of identification.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 This test method is designed to yield results accurate to
2. Referenced Documents better than 0.05 %.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 3—Where accuracy of 0.05 % or better is desired, the gradient
D 941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
tube shall be constructed so that vertical distances of 1 mm shall represent
3
density differences no greater than 0.0001 g/cm. The sensitivity of the
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
3
2
column is then 0.0001 g/cm ·mm. Where less accuracy is needed, the
eter
gradient tube shall be constructed to any required sensitivity.
D 2839 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Strand for Deter-
3
mining Density of Polyethylene
5. Apparatus
D 4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
5.1 Density-Gradient Tube—A suitable graduate with
4
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
7
ground-glass stopper.
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath—A means of controlling
5
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
the temperature of the liquid in the tube at 23 6 0.1°C. A
2.2 ISO Standard:
thermostatted water jacket around the tube is a satisfactory and
R 1183-1987 Methods for Determining the Density and
convenient method of achieving this.
6
Relative Density of Noncellular Plastics
5.3 Glass Floats—A number of calibrated glass floats cov-
ering the density range to be studied and approximately evenly
distributed throughout this range.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastic
5.4 Pycnometer, for use in determining the densities of the
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods
(Section D20.70.01). standard floats.
Current edition approved March 10, 1998. Published February 1999. Originally
5.5 Liquids, suitable for the preparation of a density gradi-
published as D 1505 – 57 T. Last previous edition D 1505 – 96.
ent (Table 1).
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Discontinued; see 1992 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
NOTE 4—It is very important that none of the liquids used in the tube
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
6
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
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4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Tubes similar to those described in Refs (6) and (12) may also be used.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
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D1505–98
TABLE 1 Liquid Systems for Density-Gradient Tubes
appropriate abrasive. Progress may be followed by dropping
Density Range, the float in the test solution at intervals and noting its c
...
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