ASTM D1505-03

Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The density of a solid is a conveniently measurable property which is frequently useful as a means of following physical changes in a sample, as an indication of uniformity among samples, and a means of identification.
This test method is designed to yield results accurate to better than 0.05 %.
Note 3—Where accuracy of 0.05 % or better is desired, the gradient tube shall be constructed so that vertical distances of 1 mm shall represent density differences no greater than 0.0001 g/cm.3 The sensitivity of the column is then 0.0001 g/cm3·mm. Where less accuracy is needed, the gradient tube shall be constructed to any required sensitivity.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density of solid plastics.
1.2 This test method is based on observing the level to which a test specimen sinks in a liquid column exhibiting a density gradient, in comparison with standards of known density.
Note 1—The comparable ISO document is ISO 1183-2. There has not been any data generated to date comparing the results of the ISO method with this method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2003
• ICS: 83.080.01 - Plastics in general
• Technical Committee: D20 - Plastics
• Drafting Committee: D20.70 - Analytical Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1505-98e1 - Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM D1505-10 - Standard Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D2103-15 - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Film and Sheeting
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D5514/D5514M-18 - Standard Test Method for Large-Scale Hydrostatic Puncture Testing of Geosynthetics
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3124-98(2019) - Standard Test Method for Vinylidene Unsaturation in Polyethylene by Infrared Spectrophotometry
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2026-23 - Standard Specification for Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) Polymers for Surgical Implant Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F639-09(2015) - Standard Specification for Polyethylene Plastics for Medical Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3390-20 - Standard Specification for 3 through 24 in. Lined Flexible Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Land Drainage Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2881/F2881M-21e1 - Standard Specification for 12 to 60 in. [300 to 1500 mm] Polypropylene (PP) Dual Wall Pipe and Fittings for Non-Pressure Storm Sewer Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F1925-22 - Standard Specification for Semi-Crystalline Poly(lactide) Polymer and Copolymer Resins for Surgical Implants
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F2025-06(2018) - Standard Practice for Gravimetric Measurement of Polymeric Components for Wear Assessment
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D2684/D2684M-15 - Standard Test Method for Permeability of Thermoplastic Containers to Packaged Reagents or Proprietary Products
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6434-12(2018) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Test Methods for Flexible Polypropylene Geomembranes
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3597-23 - Standard Specification for MRS-Rated Metric- and Inch-sized Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pressure Pipe for Oil and Gas Producing Applications
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D1505–03
Standard Test Method for
1
Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1505; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
4
1. Scope* tive Density of Noncellular Plastics
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
3. Terminology
of solid plastics.
3.1 Definition:
1.2 This test method is based on observing the level to
3.1.1 density of plastics—the weight per unit volume of
which a test specimen sinks in a liquid column exhibiting a
material at 23°C, expressed as follows:
density gradient, in comparison with standards of known
23C 3
density.
D , g/cm
(1)
NOTE 1—The comparable ISO document is ISO 1183–2. There has not
been any data generated to date comparing the results of the ISO method
NOTE 2—Density is to be distinguished from specific gravity, which is
with this method.
theratiooftheweightofagivenvolumeofthematerialtothatofanequal
volume of water at a stated temperature.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
4. Significance and Use
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 The density of a solid is a conveniently measurable
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
property which is frequently useful as a means of following
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
physical changes in a sample, as an indication of uniformity
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
among samples, and a means of identification.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 This test method is designed to yield results accurate to
better than 0.05 %.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
NOTE 3—Where accuracy of 0.05 % or better is desired, the gradient
tube shall be constructed so that vertical distances of 1 mm shall represent
D941 Test Method for Density and Relative Density (Spe-
3
density differences no greater than 0.0001 g/cm. The sensitivity of the
cific Gravity) of Liquids by Lipkin Bicapillary Pycnom-
3
3 column is then 0.0001 g/cm ·mm. Where less accuracy is needed, the
eter
gradient tube shall be constructed to any required sensitivity.
D2839 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Strand for Deter-
mining Density of Polyethylene
5. Apparatus
D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
5.1 Density-Gradient Tube—A suitable graduate with
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
5
ground-glass stopper.
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath—A means of controlling
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
the temperature of the liquid in the tube at 23 6 0.1°C. A
2.2 ISO Standard:
thermostatted water jacket around the tube is a satisfactory and
ISO 1183-2 Methods for Determining the Density and Rela-
convenient method of achieving this.
5.3 Glass Floats—A number of calibrated glass floats cov-
ering the density range to be studied and approximately evenly
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
distributed throughout this range.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.70 on Analytical Methods
5.4 Pycnometer, for use in determining the densities of the
(Section D20.70.01).
standard floats.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published January 2004. Originally
approved in 1957. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D1505 - 98. DOI:
5.5 Liquids, suitable for the preparation of a density gradi-
10.1520/D1505-03.
ent (Table 1).
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. ForAnnual Book ofASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
3
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
5
on www.astm.org. Tubes similar to those described in Refs (6) and (12) may also be used.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D1505–03
TABLE 1 Liquid Systems for Density-Gradient Tubes
appropriate abrasive. Progress may be followed by dropping
Density Range, the float in the test solution at intervals and noting its change
System
3
g/cm
in rate o
...