ASTM E1107-86(1996)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
SCOPE
1.1 This method is for measuring the throughput, or mass flowrate, of a resource-recovery unit operation, or series of unit operations.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.
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e1
Designation: E 1107 – 86 (Reapproved 1996)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit
Operations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1107; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout in October 1996.
1. Scope function is to alter the physical or physico-chemical properties
of the input feed stream. The mass flow rates of input and
1.1 This test method is for measuring the throughput, or
output streams should be equal unless moisture is lost.
mass flowrate, of a resource-recovery unit operation, or series
3.1.4 throughput—the mass flowrate through a unit opera-
of unit operations.
tion, expressed, preferably, in units of kilograms per hour
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
(kg/h) or alternatively in units of pounds per hour (lb/h).
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 The output streams of a separator or processor are
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
collected over a measured period of time and weighed.
tionary information is given in Section 7.
Collection of the output stream is either in containers or by
2. Referenced Documents stopping, then clearing, portions of conveyor belts or chutes.
For processing equipment in which materials separation is not
2.1 ASTM Standards:
accomplished, the input stream may be sampled if this is more
C 702 Practice for Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to
convenient.
Testing Size
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
5. Significance and Use
E 380 Practice for Use of the International System of Units
4 5.1 This test method is used to document the mass flowrate
(SI) (the Modernized Metric System)
of resource recovery unit operations as a means of document-
E 868 Test Methods for Conducting Performance Tests on
ing the operating of a plant (or portions of a plant) and as a
Mechanical Conveying Equipment Used in Resource Re-
5 means of relating operation to design objectives.
covery Systems
5.2 This test method is also used in conjunction with
3. Terminology measurements of the performance of materials separators
(particularly recovery and purity). As such, throughput should
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
not generally be measured by sampling the feed since this may
3.1.1 binary separator—a mechanical device that separates
change its performance. Processing equipment that does not
single input feed stream into two output feed streams.
perform separations can be sampled at either the feed or
3.1.2 polynary separator—a mechanical device that sepa-
product streams.
rates single input feed stream into three or more output feed
streams.
6. Apparatus
3.1.3 processor—a type of resource recovery unit operation
6.1 Collection Bins— Several size collection bins are re-
with a single input feed stream and single output stream. Its
quired. The size is determined by the size of sample, which in
turn, is determined by the throughput of the plant. Some
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-34 on Waste
streams can be sampled into drums or barrels.
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.06 on Recovery
6.1.1 All containers must be clean and in good mechanical
and Reuse.
condition, and not have rusting, flaking, or mechanically
Current edition approved April 25, 1986. Published June 1986.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
weakened sections. Containers should be cleaned with water or
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
an air hose prior to use. (CAUTION: Air hoses must be used
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5 with appropriate safety equipment to avoid personal injury.)
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
E 1107
6.1.2 The tare weight of the containers should be clearly 9.4 If possible, both binary and polynary separators should
marked with paint and checked periodically. Provision may be normally be sampled at the output sides.
made for bin covers for the sampling and containment of
materials that can be blown or spilled. Covers must be marked 10. Conditioning
to indicate whether or not they are included in the tare weight
10.1 Weigh the samples immediately after they are taken.
of the container.
Take precautions to ensure that they neither gain nor lose
6.2 Scales—The type and size of scales varies with the size
weight from natural drying or drainage or from ambient
of the samples obtained. Containers as small as perhaps a drum
moisture or dirt.
to as large as perhaps a tote bin, roll-off container, or even full
truck may be used. All scales should have a precision and
11. Procedure
accuracy of 60.1% .
11.1 Use separate procedures for sampling conveyors,
6.3 Stopwatch—Flow times are determined with a stop-
chutes, or discharge containers.
watch capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 s.
11.2 Conveyors:
6.4 Miscellaneous— A variety of scoops, shovels, brushes,
11.2.1 Conveyors are most conveniently sampled by catch-
and similar tools are required to transfer materials.
ing the discharge at the end of the conveyor in the tared
container. Take care that the bin is wider than the width of the
7. Precautions
conveyor and the entire contents of the belt width is collected.
7.1 If samples are taken by transferring materials from a
11.2.2 Conveyors can also be sampled by stopping the belt
conveyor belt, it is essential to measure the belt’s speed and use
and removing a portion of the belt load. In this method,
appropriate tools to be certain that all of the material, espe-
determine the belt speed by timing the movement of a mark on
cially including fine particulate materials, are transferred.
the belt as it passes between two marks on the sides of the
7.2 Because the origin of all of the materials in solid waste
conveyor. Measure the distance between the latter two marks
is generally unknown, workers must use proper safety precau-
and use the measurement to calculate the belt speed. Alterna-
tions when handling samples. Workers shall wear gloves and
tively, use a tachometer for determining the speed of the belt.
safety glasses. When appropriate, dust masks shall be worn.
Stop the conveyor and shovel the material lying on a prede-
Workers shall be cautioned to wash their hands thoroughly
termined length of the conveyor int
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