ASTM E570-09
(Practice)Standard Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products
Standard Practice for Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular Products
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This practice outlines a procedure for examining ferromagnetic tubular products using the flux leakage method. If properly applied, this method is capable of detecting the presence and location of significant longitudinally or transversely oriented discontinuities such as pits, scabs, slivers, gouges, roll-ins, laps, seams, cracks, holes, and improper welds in ferromagnetic tubes under inspection. In addition, the severity of a discontinuity may be estimated and a rejection level set with respect to the magnitude of the electromagnetic indication produced by the discontinuity.
The response from natural discontinuities can be significantly different from the response for artificial discontinuities such as drilled holes or notches of equivalent depth. For this reason, sufficient work should be done to determine the conditions necessary to detect and mark natural discontinuities whose characteristics will adversely affect the serviceability of the tube, in order to establish acceptance criteria between the supplier and purchaser.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the application and standardization of equipment using the flux leakage test method for detection of outer surface, inner surface, and subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic steel tubular products (Note 1) of uniform cross section such as seamless and welded tubing.
Note 1—The term “tube” or “tubular product” will be used to refer to both pipe and tubing.
1.2 This practice is intended for use on tubular products having outside diameters from approximately ½ to 24 in. (12.7 to 610 mm) with wall thicknesses to ½ in (12.7 mm). These techniques have been used for other sizes, however, and may be so specified upon contractual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E570 − 09
StandardPractice for
Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 Other Documents:
1.1 This practice covers the application and standardization
SNT-TC-1A Recommended for Personnel Qualification and
of equipment using the flux leakage test method for detection
3
Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
of outer surface, inner surface, and subsurface discontinuities
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and
in ferromagnetic steel tubular products (Note 1) of uniform
3
Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
cross section such as seamless and welded tubing.
NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nonde-
NOTE 1—The term “tube” or “tubular product” will be used to refer to 4
structive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
both pipe and tubing.
1.2 This practice is intended for use on tubular products
3. Terminology
1
having outside diameters from approximately ⁄2 to 24 in. (12.7
3.1 Definitionsoftermsrelatingtofluxleakageexamination
1
to 610 mm) with wall thicknesses to ⁄2 in (12.7 mm). These
are provided in Terminology E1316.
techniques have been used for other sizes, however, and may
be so specified upon contractual agreement between the
4. Summary of Practice
purchaser and the supplier.
4.1 This method consists of the following steps:
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they
4.1.1 The tube wall is magnetized at the area under exami-
must be specified by the using parties.
nation to a proper level approaching magnetic saturation.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
NOTE 2—Tubes subjected to magnetic inspections can retain various
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
strengthsandconfigurationofresidualmagneticfieldsdependinguponthe
cal conversions to SI units that are provided for information
magnetization technique. If the residual field resulting from a given
technique can interfere with subsequent applications of the tube, then a
only and are not considered standard.
supplemental demagnetization process may be required.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety
4.1.2 A flux sensor containing magnetic transducers is
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
placed on or above the outside surface of the tube in the
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
magnetized area.
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
4.1.3 Either the tube or the flux sensor is moved at a
limitations prior to use.
constant speed in the direction of the magnetic field so that the
sensor scans the entire surface of the tube.
2. Referenced Documents
4.1.4 Each magnetic transducer in the flux sensor is con-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
nected to an electronic console which amplifies, filters, and
E543 Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
electronically processes the signals such that significant dis-
Testing
continuities are indicated (visually, audibly), and marked with
paint, or automatically removed from the production line, or
1
both.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on
4.1.5 Asuitablemeansforassuringnearmagneticsaturation
Electromagnetic Method.
oftheproduct(subjecttoperiodiccheckorcalibration)mustbe
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
ε1
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E570 - 97(2004) .
DOI: 10.1520/E0570-09.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye
the ASTM website. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E570 − 09
provided as part of the examination to verify the capability of obscure signals related to inner surfac
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:E570–97 (Reapproved 2004) Designation: E 570 – 09
Standard Practice for
Flux Leakage Examination of Ferromagnetic Steel Tubular
1
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 570; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
´ NOTE—Editorial changes were made throughout the standard in January 2004.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the application and standardization of equipment using the flux leakage test method for detection of
outer surface, inner surface, and subsurface discontinuities in ferromagnetic steel tubular products (Note 1) of uniform cross
section such as seamless and welded tubing.
NOTE 1—The term “tube” or “tubular product” will be used to refer to both pipe and tubing.
1
1.2 This practice is intended for use on tubular products having outside diameters from approximately ⁄2 to 24 in. (12.7 to 610
1
mm) with wall thicknesses to ⁄2 in (12.7 mm). These techniques have been used for other sizes, however, and may be so specified
upon contractual agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.
1.3 This practice does not establish acceptance criteria; they must be specified by the using parties.
1.4
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the
user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E 543 Practice for Evaluating Agencies that Perform Nondestructive Testing Specification for Agencies Performing Nonde-
structive Testing
E 1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
2.2 Other Documents:
3
SNT-TC-1A Recommended for Personnel Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
3
ANSI/ASNT CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel
4
NAS-410 NAS Certification and Qualification of Nondestructive Personnel (Quality Assurance Committee)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of terms relating to flux leakage examination are provided in Terminology E 1316.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 This method consists of the following steps:
4.1.1 The tube wall is magnetized at the area under examination to a proper level approaching magnetic saturation.
NOTE 2—Tubes subjected to magnetic inspections can retain various strengths and configuration of residual magnetic fields depending upon the
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E07 on Nondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.07 on Electromagnetic
Method.
Current edition approved January 1, 2004. Published February 2004. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as E570-97.
´1
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as E 570 - 97(2004) .
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT), P.O. Box 28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org.
4
Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc., 1250 Eye St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E570–09
magnetization technique. If the residual field resulting from a given technique can interfere with subsequent applications of the tube, then a supplemental
demagnetization process may be required.
4.1.2 Aflux sensor containing magnetic transducers is placed on or above the outside surface of the tube in the magnetized area.
4.1.3 Either the tube or the flux sensor is moved at a constant speed i
...
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