ASTM D4683-04

Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity at High Shear Rate and High Temperature by Tapered Bearing Simulator

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Viscosity at the shear rate and temperature of this test method is thought to be representative of the condition encountered in the bearings of automotive engines in severe service.
The importance of viscosity at these conditions to engine lubrication has been addressed in many publications.4
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of the viscosity of engine oils at 150C and 1 10 6 s1 shear rate using a tapered bearing simulator-viscometer (TBS Viscometer) equipped with a refined thermoregulator system. Older TBS units not so equipped must use Test Method D 4683-87.
1.2 The Newtonian calibration oils used to establish this test method cover the range from approximately 1.5 to 5.6 cP (mPas) at 150°C.
1.3 The non-Newtonian reference oil used to establish this test method has a viscosity of approximately 3.5 cP (mPas) at 150C and a shear rate of 1 x 106 s 1.
1.4 Applicability to petroleum products other than engine oils has not been determined in preparing this test method.
1.5 This test method uses the centipoise (cP) as the unit of viscosity. For information on the equivalent SI unit, the millipascal second (mPas) is shown in parentheses.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2004
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.07 - Flow Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4683-96 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity at High Shear Rate and High Temperature by Tapered Bearing Simulator
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4485-22e1 - Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D8185-18 - Standard Guide for In-Service Lubricant Viscosity Measurement
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6616-21 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity at High Shear Rate by Tapered Bearing Simulator Viscometer at 100 °C
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D8074-22 - Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in DD13 Diesel Engine
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D5481-21 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity at High-Temperature and High-Shear Rate by Multicell Capillary Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D4741-21 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Viscosity at High Temperature and High Shear Rate by Tapered-Plug Viscometer
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4683–04
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Viscosity at High Shear Rate and High
1
Temperature by Tapered Bearing Simulator
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4683; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D4741 Test Method for Measuring Viscosity at High Tem-
peratureandHighShearRatebyTapered-PlugViscometer
1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination of
6 −1
D5481 Test Method for Measuring Apparent Viscosity at
theviscosityofengineoilsat150°Cand1 310 s shearrate
High-Temperature and High-Shear Rate by Multicell Cap-
using a tapered bearing simulator-viscometer (TBS Viscom-
2
illary Viscometer
eter) equipped with a refined thermoregulator system. Older
TBS units not so equipped must use Test Method D4683–87.
3. Terminology
1.2 TheNewtoniancalibrationoilsusedtoestablishthistest
3.1 Definitions:
method cover the range from approximately 1.5 to 5.6 cP
3.1.1 density—the mass per unit volume. In the SI, the unit
(mPa·s) at 150°C.
ofdensityisthekilogrampercubicmetre,butforpracticaluse
1.3 The non-Newtonian reference oil used to establish this
a submultiple is more convenient. The gram per cubic centi-
test method has a viscosity of approximately 3.5 cP(mPa·s) at
3 3
6 −1
metre is 10 kg/m and is customarily used.
150°C and a shear rate of 1 310 s .
3.1.2 Newtonian oil or fluid—an oil or fluid that at a given
1.4 Applicability to petroleum products other than engine
temperature exhibits a constant viscosity at all shear rates or
oils has not been determined in preparing this test method.
shear stresses.
1.5 This test method uses the centipoise (cP) as the unit of
3.1.3 non-Newtonian oil or fluid—an oil or fluid that exhib-
viscosity. For information on the equivalent SI unit, the
its a viscosity that varies with changing shear stress or shear
millipascal second (mPa·s) is shown in parentheses.
rate.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 shear rate—the velocity gradient in fluid flow. The SI
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
unit for shear rate is the reciprocal second (s-1).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.5 shear stress—the motivating force per unit area for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
fluid flow. The area is the area under shear.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.6 viscosity—the ratio between the applied shear stress
2. Referenced Documents and rate of shear. It is sometimes called the coefficient of
3
dynamic viscosity. This coefficient is thus a measure of the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
resistance to flow of the liquid. In the SI the unit of viscosity
is the pascal second; for practical use, a submultiple, millipas-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
cal second, is more convenient. The centipoise is 1 mPa·s and
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
is customarily used.
D02.07 on Flow Properties.
3.1.6.1 apparent viscosity—the determined viscosity ob-
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2004. Published March 2004. Originally
approved in 1987. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D4683–96. DOI:
tained by this test method.
10.1520/D4683-04.
3.1.6.2 kinematic viscosity—the ratio of the viscosity to the
2
The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
densityoftheliquid.Itisameasureoftheresistancetoflowof
is Tannas Co., 4800 James Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642. If you are aware of
a liquid under gravity. In the SI the unit of kinematic viscosity
alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
isthemetresquaredpersecond;forpracticaluse,asubmultiple
1
responsible technical committee , which you may attend.
(millimetre squared per second) is more convenient. The
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
2
centistoke (cSt) is 1 mm /s and is customarily used.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
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