ASTM D6166-12

Standard Test Method for Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a more precise way of measuring Gardner color than described in Test Method D1544. It is applicable to pine chemical products having colors from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not applicable to materials with colors lighter than 1 or darker than 18.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the color of clear, yellow/brown, liquid materials using color measuring instruments. The results may be invalid if other materials are used. The test uses the Gardner color scale described in Test Method D1544. This test method applies to pine chemical products including tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, rosin, and related products.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2012
• ICS: 87.040 - Paints and varnishes
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.34 - Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D6166-08 - Standard Test Method for Color of Naval Stores and Related Products (Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D4890-18 - Standard Test Methods for Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of Gardner and APHA Color of Polyols
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D233-13(2022) - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Testing Turpentine
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D1981-11(2020)e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Color After Heating of Tall Oil Fatty Acids
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6605-06(2020) - Standard Practice for Determining the Color Stability of Hydrocarbon Resins After Heating
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM E805-22 - Standard Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D801-02(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Dipentene
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D1544-04(2023) - Standard Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D803-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D802-02(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Pine Oils
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D509-20 - Standard Test Methods of Sampling and Grading Rosin
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6166 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Color of Pine Chemicals and Related Products (Instrumental
1
Determination of Gardner Color)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6166; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination 4.1 This test method provides a more precise way of
ofthecolorofclear,yellow/brown,liquidmaterialsusingcolor measuring Gardner color than described in Test Method
measuring instruments. The results may be invalid if other D1544. It is applicable to pine chemical products having colors
materials are used. The test uses the Gardner color scale from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not
described in Test Method D1544. This test method applies to applicable to materials with colors lighter than 1 or darker than
pine chemical products including tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, 18.
rosin, and related products.
5. Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.1 An instrument capable of measuring transmitted color
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
and reporting the results in the Gardner color scale described in
standard.
Test Method D1544. If such an instrument is not available, one
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
may be used which is capable of measuring transmitted color
safety concerns, if any, problems associated with its use. It is
and reporting in tristimulus values or chromaticity coordinates
the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish
using standard illuminant C and the 2° observer, described in
appropriate safety and health practices and determine the
Practice E308.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.2 Glass Cuvets, 10–mm path length, unless a different
2. Referenced Documents
path length is specified by the manufacturer, or
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 GlassTubes, clear. Standard Gardner tubes, as described
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gard-
in Test Method D1544, or other glass tubes designed for a
ner Color Scale)
specific instrument may be used. Gardner tubes may provide
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
less accuracy than glass cuvets and should be used only when
ASTM Test Methods
a decrease in accuracy is acceptable. Glass cuvets should be
E308 PracticeforComputingtheColorsofObjectsbyUsing
used for referee situations.
the CIE System
6. Calibration and Standardization
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
6.1 Calibrate the instrument following the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
3. Summary of Test Method
6.1.1 Test sample preparation for rosin and rosin deriva-
3.1 The color of a liquid sample is measured using an
tives.
instrument capable of measuring transmitted color and report-
6.1.1.1 As most rosins and rosin derivatives are solids it is
inginGardnercolorsorinacolorsystemthatcanbeconverted
necessary to introduce a molten sample into the tube or cuvet.
to Gardner colors.
6.1.1.2 If the sample is available in molten form the test
sample should be poured into the cuvet or tube and the color
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and
measured while the rosin is still molten.
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
6.1.1.3 If the sample is in solid form it has to be melted in
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
order to be introduced into the tube or cuvet. The sample to be
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originally
testedshallconsistoffreshlybrokenlumpsandfreeofdustand
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6166 – 08. DOI:
10.1520/D6166-12.
finely divided material. Select a quantity at least twice that
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
necessary required to fill the test tubes or cuvets and melt it in
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
a clean container using an oven, hot plate, heat gun, sand bath
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. or oil bath taking care to avoid overheating. Stir slowly
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6166 − 12
avoidingtheformationofbubbles.Meltthesamplecompletely, laboratories tested eac
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6166 − 08 D6166 − 12
Standard Test Method for
Color of Naval StoresPine Chemicals and Related Products
1
(Instrumental Determination of Gardner Color)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6166; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of the color of clear, yellow/brown, liquid materials using color
measuring instruments. The results may be invalid if other materials are used. The test uses the Gardner color scale described in
Test Method D1544. This test method applies to naval storespine chemical products including tall oil, tall oil fatty acids, rosin, and
related products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, problems associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1544 Test Method for Color of Transparent Liquids (Gardner Color Scale)
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 The color of a liquid sample is measured using an instrument capable of measuring transmitted color and reporting in
Gardner colors or in a color system that can be converted to Gardner colors.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method provides a more precise way of measuring Gardner color than described in Test Method D1544. It is
applicable to naval storespine chemical products having colors from Gardner 1 to Gardner 18. The Gardner scale is not applicable
to materials with colors lighter than 1 or darker than 18.
5. Apparatus
5.1 An instrument capable of measuring transmitted color and reporting the results in the Gardner color scale described in Test
Method D1544. If such an instrument is not available, one may be used which is capable of measuring transmitted color and
reporting in tristimulus values or chromaticity coordinates using standard illuminant C and the 2° observer, described in Practice
E308.
5.2 Glass Cuvets, 10–mm path length, unless a different path length is specified by the manufacturer, or
5.3 Glass Tubes, clear. Standard Gardner tubes, as described in Test Method D1544, or other glass tubes designed for a specific
instrument may be used. Gardner tubes may provide less accuracy than glass cuvets and should be used only when a decrease in
accuracy is acceptable. Glass cuvets should be used for referee situations.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008Nov. 1, 2012. Published July 2008December 2012. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20032008 as
D6166 - 97 (2003).D6166 – 08. DOI: 10.1520/D6166-08.10.1520/D6166-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D6166 − 12
6. Calibration and Standardization
6.1 Calibrate the instrument following the manufacturer’s recommendations.
6.1.1 Test sample preparation for rosin and rosin derivatives.
6.1.1.1 As most rosins and rosin derivatives are solids it is necessary to introduce a molten sample into the tube or cuvet.
6.1.1.2 If the sample is available in molten form the test sample should be poured into the cuvet or tube and the color measured
while the rosin is still molten.
6.1.1.3 If the sample is in solid form it has to be melted in order to be introduced into the tube
...