ASTM D69-96
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Friction Tapes
Standard Test Methods for Friction Tapes
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the methods and procedures for testing friction tapes. Such tapes consist of a woven fabric sheeting that has been impregnated with an adhesive insulating compound and cut into rolls of narrow width. These tapes are commonly used for protecting and binding in place, insulation applied to joints of electrical wires and cables, and for other mechanical purposes.
Note 1—The material specifications formerly included in these test methods are now contained in Specification D 4514.
1.2 The test methods included in this standard are as follows:SectionsAdhesion6-11 Aged Adhesion 12-17 Breaking Strength18-22 Dielectric Breakdown Voltage23-28 Dimensions 29-34 Discoloration of Copper 35-39Parallelism 40-44 Tackiness45-51
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard. The SI units in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 2—There is no equivalent IEC standard.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 69 – 96 An American National Standard
Standard Test Methods for
Friction Tapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 69; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope Insulating Materials for Testing
D 4514 Specification for Friction Tape
1.1 These test methods cover the methods and procedures
D 5423 Specification for Forced-Convection Laboratory
for testing friction tapes. Such tapes consist of a woven fabric
Ovens for Evaluation of Electrical Insulation
sheeting that has been impregnated with an adhesive insulating
compound and cut into rolls of narrow width. These tapes are
3. Sampling
commonly used for protecting and binding in place, insulation
3.1 Select sample rolls at random from each shipment in
applied to joints of electrical wires and cables, and for other
accordance with the following table:
mechanical purposes.
Number of Rolls in Shipment Number of Rolls in Sample
NOTE 1—The material specifications formerly included in these test
50 to 200 2
methods are now contained in Specification D 4514. 201 to 500 3
501 to 1000 4
1.2 The test methods included in this standard are as
1001 to 5000 5
follows:
For shipments in excess of 5000 rolls, take one additional
Sections
roll for each additional 1000 rolls or fraction thereof.
Adhesion 5-10
3.2 A shipment shall consist of material shipped or intended
Aged Adhesion 11-16
Breaking Strength 17-21
for shipment to a customer and covered by one bill of lading.
Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 22-27
3.3 Test each sample roll for conformance to all the require-
Dimensions 28-33
Discoloration of Copper 34-38 ments of the specification.
Parallelism 39-43
3.4 Remove and discard at least 24 in. (610 mm) of the outer
Tackiness 44-50
layer of each sample roll before taking test specimens.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard
3.5 Unwind the test specimen from the roll at a slow,
except in cases where SI units are more appropriate. The values
uniform rate without jerking.
in parentheses are for information only.
4. Conditioning
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 Unless otherwise specified, condition the rolls for 16 h
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
in a standard laboratory atmosphere as specified in Practice
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D 618.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 Unless otherwise specified, condition the test specimens
for1hina standard laboratory atmosphere as specified in
2. Referenced Documents
Practice D 618.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ADHESION TEST
D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and
Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials
5. Significance and Use
at Commercial Power Frequencies
5.1 In most applications, a friction tape must have adequate
D 412 Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-
adhesion to remain in place and function properly.
plastic Rubbers and Thermostatic Elastomers—Tension
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
6. Apparatus
6.1 Adhesion Tester—An assembly similar to that shown in
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-9 on
Fig. 1, consisting of a mandrel mounted in a level position in
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility of
ball bearings. The mandrel shall be 0.25 in. (6.4 mm) in
Subcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 1996. Published January 1997. Originally
published as D 69 – 20T. Last previous edition D 69 – 95.
2 4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
3 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D69
FIG. 1 Tester for Adhesion Test of Friction Tape
diameter with a slot approximately 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) in mined. This procedure has no bias because the value of
width and long enough to accommodate the full width of tape. adhesion is defined in terms of the test method.
The mandrel shall turn freely under a force of 0.25 ozf (0.07 N)
AGED ADHESION
suspended from a thread wound in a single layer on the center
of the mandrel. This assembly is mounted on a wall or other
11. Significance and Use
vertical surface to which a vertical scale has been affixed. This
11.1 The adhesion of a friction tape must remain adequate
scale shall begin 2 in. (51 mm) below the mandrel and
after the tape has aged. Exposure in a dry oven is an attempt to
extended downward for a distance of 36 in. (915 mm). The
simulate such long-term aging.
scale shall be readable to ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm).
6.2 Weights—Two sets of weights and a device suitable for
12. Apparatus
clamping the weights to the end of a tape sample, such that a
12.1 Oven—An oven conforming to the requirements of
total load of 4.0 lbf/in. (17.8 N/25 mm) and 10 lbf/in. (44.5
Specification D 5423.
N/25 mm) can be achieved.
12.2 Adhesion Tester, in accordance with 6.1.
12.3 Weights, in accordance with 6.2, except that a total load
7. Test Specimen
of 3 lbf/in. (13.3 N/25 mm) instead of 4 lbf/in. (17.8 N/25 mm)
7.1 Cut a test specimen 23 in. (580 mm) in length of tape
can be achieved.
removed from the sample roll, with care being taken not to
touch the adhesive surfaces to be tested.
13. Test Specimen
8. Procedure 13.1 Prepare the test specimen as described in Section 7.
8.1 Insert one end of the specimen into the slot of the
14. Procedure
mandrel and wind 2 in. (51 mm) onto the mandrel.
14.1 Expose the specimen to dry air in an oven at a
8.2 Attach a total weight of 10 lbf/in. (44.5 N/25 mm) to the
temperature of 212 6 2°F (100 6 1°C) for a period of 16 h.
end of the specimen and wind the remaining 19 in. (480 mm)
Support the specimen in the oven by clips or other suitable
of the specimen onto the mandrel at an approximate rate of 12
devices, in such a way that the adhesion test portion hangs free
in./min (300 mm/min).
and out of contact with oven parts or other tape specimens.
8.3 Allow the tape to remain for 3 min with the weight
14.2 After aging, allow the specimens to condition at a
attached, after which substitute a weight of 4.0 lbf/in. (17.8
temperature of 73.4 6 2°F (23 6 1°C) and 50 6 2 % relative
N/25 mm) and allow the tape to unwind.
humidity for a period of not less than 4 h nor more than 8 h,
8.4 After the first 2 in. (51 mm) have unwound, start a timer.
during which the adhesive surface shall be protected from
Stop the unwinding process after 60 s have elapsed, and
contact with foreign material.
measure the length which has unwound in that time.
14.3 Test the specimen for adhesion following the proce-
9. Report
dure of Section 8, except that the load applied to unwind the
tape shall be 3 lbf/in. (13.3 N/25 mm) and not 4 lbf/in. (17.8
9.1 For each sample roll, report the adhesion as the length
N/25 mm).
unwound in one minute.
10. Precision and Bias 15. Report
10.1 The precision of this test method has not been deter- 15.1 For each sample roll, report the aged adhesion as the
D69
length unwound in one minute. 25. Procedure
25.1 Determine the dielectric breakdown voltage in accor-
16. Precision and Bias
dance with Test Method D 149 using the short time test. Start
16.1 The precision of this test method has not been deter-
the test with an applied voltage that is less than 100 V, and raise
mined. This procedure has no bias because the value of aged
it at a rate of 100 V/s until dielectric breakdown occurs.
adhesion is defined in terms of the test method.
26. Report
BREAKING STRENGTH
26.1 Report the dielectric breakdown voltage in volts for
each sample roll.
17. Significance and Use
17.1 The breaking strength of the tape is an indicator of
27. Precision and Bias
uniform quality and the ability to withstand mechanical load in
27.1 The precision of this test method has not been deter-
service.
mined. This procedure has no bias because the value of
dielectric breakdown voltage is defined in terms of the test
18. Test Specimen
method.
18.1 Test specimens shall consist of a single layer of tape 16
in. (400 mm) in length and the width of the tape as received. DIMENSIONS—LENGTH, WIDTH, AND
THICKNESS
19. Procedure
28. Significance and Use
19.1 Measure the width of the specimen in accordance with
Section 31. 28.1 Measurements of length, width, and thickness are
19.2 Perform the test for breaking strength in accordance
necessary to ensure receiving the correct quantity of tape. The
with Test Methods D 412. thickness measurement is of particular value in controlling
19.3 Set the initial distance between the jaws of the testing
uniformity and m
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