ASTM C191-04

Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle

SCOPE
1.1 These methods determine the time of setting of hydraulic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test methods are given; Method A is the Reference Test Method using the manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Method B permits the use of an automatic Vicat machine that has, in accordance with the qualification requirements of this method, demonstrated acceptable performance.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a specific warning statement.
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing, and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material. Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
Note 1—For the method for determining the time of setting by Gillmore needles, see Test Method C266.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Dec-2003
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.30 - Time of Set

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C191-03 - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Replaced By: ASTM C191-04a - Standard Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C10/C10M-19 - Standard Specification for Natural Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D8030/D8030M-23 - Standard Practice for Sample Preparation for GCCM
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1708/C1708M-19 - Standard Test Methods for Self-leveling Mortars Containing Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1857/C1857M-19 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Adhesion (Pull-Off) Strength of Concrete Repair and Overlay Mortar
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C595/C595M-23 - Standard Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1157/C1157M-23 - Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C150/C150M-22 - Standard Specification for Portland Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C141/C141M-14(2022) - Standard Specification for Hydrated Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D5759-12(2020) - Standard Guide for Characterization of Coal Fly Ash and Clean Coal Combustion Fly Ash for Potential Uses
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C465-23 - Standard Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture<brk/> of Hydraulic Cements
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C887-20 - Standard Specification for Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Surface Bonding Mortar
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C1222-23 - Standard Practice for Evaluation of Laboratories Testing Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004
• Referred By: ASTM C226-22 - Standard Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2004

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
American Association State
Designation: C 191 – 04 Highway and Transportation Officials Standard
AASHTO No.: T131
Standard Test Method for
1
Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat Needle
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C 183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
Hydraulic Cement
1.1 These methods determine the time of setting of hydrau-
C 187 Test Method for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic
lic cement by means of the Vicat needle. Two test methods are
Cement
given; Method A is the Reference Test Method using the
C 219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
manually operated standard Vicat apparatus, while Method B
C 266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-
permits the use of an automatic Vicat machine that has, in
Cement Paste by Gillmore Needles
accordance with the qualification requirements of this method,
C 305 Practice for Mechanical Mixing of Hydraulic Cement
demonstrated acceptable performance.
Pastes and Mortars of Plastic Consistency
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
C 511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,
standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Testing of Hydraulic Cements and Concretes
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
C 1005 Specification for Reference Masses and Devices for
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Determining Mass and Volume for Use in the Physical
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 1.4 for a
Testing of Hydraulic Cements
specific warning statement.
C 1157 Performance Specification for Blended Hydraulic
1.4 Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are
Cement
caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
prolonged exposure. The use of gloves, protective clothing,
and eye protection is recommended. Wash contact area with
3. Terminology
copious amounts of water after contact. Wash eyes for a
3.1 Definitions—The terms used in this test method are
minimum of 15 min. Avoid exposure of the body to clothing
defined in accordance with Terminology C 219.
saturated with the liquid phase of the unhardened material.
2
Remove contaminated clothing immediately after exposure.
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—For the method for determining the time of setting by
4.1 A paste that is proportioned and mixed to normal
Gillmore needles, see Test Method C 266.
consistency, as described in the Test Method C 187, is molded
and placed in a moist cabinet and allowed to start setting.
2. Referenced Documents
Periodic penetration tests are performed on this paste by
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
allowing a 1-mm Vicat needle to settle into this paste. The
C 150 Specification for Portland Cement
Vicat initial time of setting is calculated as the time elapsed
C 151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Portland
between the initial contact of cement and water and the time
Cement
when the penetration is at 25 mm. The Vicat final time of
setting is calculated as the time elapsed between initial contact
of cement and water and the time when the needle does not
1
This method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and
sink visibly into the paste.
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.30 on Time of Set.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2004. Published February 2004. Originally
5. Significance and Use
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as C 191 – 03.
2
5.1 This test method provides a means of determining
Section on Safety, Manual of Cement Testing, Annual Book of ASTM
Standards, Vol 04.01.
compliance with a specification limit for Vicat time of setting.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Refer to the appropriate specification for the cement to
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
determine if this test method is used for specification compli-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ance.
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C191–04
5.2 The measured time of setting is affected by the percent- 9. Conditioning
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