ASTM D4304-13
(Specification)Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral lubricating oils used in steam and gas turbine lubricating systems where the performance requirements demand a highly refined mineral base oil compounded with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This specification is intended to define the properties of new mineral oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible with most existing machinery components, and with appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their functional characteristics. The lubricating oils shall meet the functional property limits specified for each type, as follows: ISO-viscosity grade; ASTM color; specific gravity, flash point, and pour point; water content and viscosity; visual examination; total acid number; emulsion characteristics; foaming characteristics; air release; rust preventing characteristics; copper corrosion; oxidation stability; 1000-h TOST sludge and total acid number; and cleanliness at the delivery stage.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mineral and synthetic (API group I, II, III, or IV) oils used in steam and gas turbine lubrication systems where the performance requirements demand highly refined mineral or synthetic base oils compounded with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This standard may also be applied to “combined cycle” turbine systems, where a single lubricant circulating system is used to supply oil to a steam and gas turbine configured in tandem either on a single or separate shaft for enhanced energy efficiency.
1.2 This specification is intended to define the properties of mineral and synthetic oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible with most existing machinery components, and with appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their functional characteristics.
1.3 This specification is intended to define only new lubricating oil before it is installed in the machinery.
1.4 This specification is intended to be used as a guide. It is possible that oils that do not meet this specification may perform satisfactorily in some turbines.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
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Designation:D4304 −13
Standard Specification for
Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas
1
Turbines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
1.1 This specification covers mineral and synthetic (API
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
group I, II, III, or IV) oils used in steam and gas turbine
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
lubrication systems where the performance requirements de-
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
mandhighlyrefinedmineralorsyntheticbaseoilscompounded
ity)
with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This
by Potentiometric Titration
standard may also be applied to “combined cycle” turbine
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
systems, where a single lubricant circulating system is used to
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
supply oil to a steam and gas turbine configured in tandem
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-
either on a single or separate shaft for enhanced energy
efficiency. ing Oils
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
1.2 This specification is intended to define the properties of
Mineral Oils
mineral and synthetic oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are
Indicator Titration
compatible with most existing machinery components, and
D1401 TestMethodforWaterSeparabilityofPetroleumOils
with appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their func-
and Synthetic Fluids
tional characteristics.
D1500 Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
1.3 This specification is intended to define only new lubri-
(ASTM Color Scale)
cating oil before it is installed in the machinery.
D2272 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Tur-
1.4 This specification is intended to be used as a guide. It is
bine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
possible that oils that do not meet this specification may
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
perform satisfactorily in some turbines.
cosity System
D3339 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D3427 Test Method forAir Release Properties of Petroleum
standard.
Oils
2. Referenced Documents
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
2
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Petroleum Products
Open Cup Tester
D4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and
Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
1
D5182 Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Ca-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
pacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)
Subcommittee D02.C0.01 on Turbine Oil Monitoring, Problems and Systems.
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Cou-
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4304 – 06a. DOI:
10.1520/D4304-06A.
lometric Karl Fischer Titration
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D6439 Guide for Cleaning, Flushing, and Purification of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Steam, Gas, and Hydroelectric Turbine Lubrication Sys-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. tems
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4304−13
D7155 Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of 3.1.3 Type III mineral or synthetic oils, n—oils for heavy
Turbine Lubricating Oils duty gas or combined cycle turbine lubricating systems where
D7546 Test Method for Determination of Moisture
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4304 − 06a D4304 − 13
Standard Specification for
Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas
1
Turbines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers mineral and synthetic (API group I, II, III, or IV) oils used in steam and gas turbine lubrication
systems where the performance requirements demand a highly refined mineral or synthetic base oiloils compounded with rust and
oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This standard may also
be applied to “combined cycle” turbine systems, where a single lubricant circulating system is used to supply oil to a steam and
gas turbine configured in tandem either on a single or separate shaft for enhanced energy efficiency.
1.2 This specification is intended to define the properties of mineral and synthetic oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are
functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible with most existing machinery components, and with
appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their functional characteristics.
1.3 This specification is intended to define only new lubricating oil before it is installed in the machinery.
1.4 This specification is intended to be used as a guide. It is possible that oils that do not meet this specification may perform
satisfactorily in some turbines.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricating Oils
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D1401 Test Method for Water Separability of Petroleum Oils and Synthetic Fluids
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D2272 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Viscosity System
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
D3427 Test Method for Air Release Properties of Petroleum Oils
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D5182 Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Capacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.C0.01 on Turbine Oil Monitoring, Problems and Systems.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006Oct. 1, 2013. Published July 2006 October 2013. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as
D4304D4304 – 06a.–06. DOI: 10.1520/D4304-06A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4304 − 13
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl
Fischer Titration
D6439 Guide for Cleaning, Flushi
...
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