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ASTM D4304-06a

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines

Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines

ABSTRACT
This specification covers mineral lubricating oils used in steam and gas turbine lubricating systems where the performance requirements demand a highly refined mineral base oil compounded with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This specification is intended to define the properties of new mineral oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible with most existing machinery components, and with appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their functional characteristics. The lubricating oils shall meet the functional property limits specified for each type, as follows: ISO-viscosity grade; ASTM color; specific gravity, flash point, and pour point; water content and viscosity; visual examination; total acid number; emulsion characteristics; foaming characteristics; air release; rust preventing characteristics; copper corrosion; oxidation stability; 1000-h TOST sludge and total acid number; and cleanliness at the delivery stage.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in steam and gas turbine lubrication systems where the performance requirements demand a highly refined mineral base oil compounded with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This standard may also be applied to "combined cycle" turbine systems, where a single lubricant circulating system is used to supply oil to a steam and gas turbine configured in tandem either on a single or separate shaft for enhanced energy efficiency.
1.2 This specification is intended to define the properties of mineral oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are functionally interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible with most existing machinery components, and with appropriate field maintenance, will maintain their functional characteristics.
1.3 This specification is intended to define only new lubricating oil before it is installed in the machinery.
1.4 This specification is intended to be used as a guide. It is possible that oils that do not meet this specification may perform satisfactorily in some turbines.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2006
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.C0.01 - Turbine Oil Monitoring, Problems and Systems
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D4304-06 - Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D4304-13 - Standard Specification for Mineral and Synthetic Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
Effective Date
01-Oct-2013
Referred By
ASTM D7155-20 - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Mixtures of Turbine Lubricating Oils
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Referred By
ASTM D8506-23 - Standard Guide for Microbial Contamination and Biodeterioration in Turbine Oils and Turbine Oil Systems
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006

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ASTM D4304-06a - Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas TurbinesASTM D4304-06a - Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
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ASTM D4304-06a - Standard Specification for Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4304 −06a
StandardSpecification for
1
Mineral Lubricating Oil Used in Steam or Gas Turbines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1.1 This specification covers mineral oils used in steam and
ity)
gasturbinelubricationsystemswheretheperformancerequire-
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
ments demand a highly refined mineral base oil compounded
by Potentiometric Titration
with rust and oxidation inhibitors plus selected additives as
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of
needed to control foam, wear, demulsibility, and so forth. This
Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
standard may also be applied to “combined cycle” turbine
D892 Test Method for Foaming Characteristics of Lubricat-
systems, where a single lubricant circulating system is used to
ing Oils
supply oil to a steam and gas turbine configured in tandem
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
either on a single or separate shaft for enhanced energy
Mineral Oils
efficiency.
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
1.2 This specification is intended to define the properties of
Indicator Titration
mineral oil-based turbine lubricating oils that are functionally
D1401 TestMethodforWaterSeparabilityofPetroleumOils
interchangeable with existing oils of this type, are compatible
and Synthetic Fluids
with most existing machinery components, and with appropri-
D1500 Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
ate field maintenance, will maintain their functional character-
(ASTM Color Scale)
istics.
D2272 Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Tur-
1.3 This specification is intended to define only new lubri- bine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
D2422 Classification of Industrial Fluid Lubricants by Vis-
cating oil before it is installed in the machinery.
cosity System
1.4 This specification is intended to be used as a guide. It is
D3339 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
possible that oils that do not meet this specification may
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
perform satisfactorily in some turbines.
D3427 Test Method forAir Release Properties of Petroleum
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Oils
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
standard.
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
2. Referenced Documents
Petroleum Products
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4310 Test Method for Determination of Sludging and
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Corrosion Tendencies of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Open Cup Tester
D5182 Test Method for Evaluating the Scuffing Load Ca-
D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
pacity of Oils (FZG Visual Method)
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petro-
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petro-
leum Products by Copper Strip Test
leum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Cou-
lometric Karl Fischer Titration
3
2.2 ISO Standards:
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee ISO 4406 Particle Count Analysis
D02.C0.01 on Turbine Oil Monitoring, Problems and Systems.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published July 2006. Originally approved
in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D4304–06. DOI: 10.1520/
D4304-06A.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
the ASTM website. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4304−06a
3. Terminology inhibitors in addition to other additives as needed to meet
specified performance characteristics. Type III oils are formu-
3.1 Definitions:
lated for use in turbine sets where bearing temperatures may
3.1.1 Type I mineral oils, n—oils for steam and gas turbine
exceed 110°C. The turbine lub
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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1.3 Spectra and distribution profiles presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as representing or establishing lubricant or machinery guidelines.  
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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
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1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
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ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    8 pages
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  • Standard
    8 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off