ASTM C114-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Specific chemical test methods are grouped as reference test methods and alternative test methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements and are also required for referee analysis in those cases where conformance to chemical specification requirements are questioned. Apparatus and materials for the test method include balance, weights, glassware and laboratory containers, desiccators, filter paper, crucibles, and muffle furnace. Standard reagents for the test method shall be used within the limits of the specification. These reagents shall include purity agents, water, repackaged reagents, concentrated acids and ammonium hydroxide, nonstandardized solutions, and indicator solutions. Sample preparation and general test procedures shall be followed according to the specification. General procedures include sample weighing, taring of crucibles, weighing of ignited residues, volatilization of platinum, chemical analyses, and calculation. Reporting of analyses shall be of the following order: major components, minor components, and separate determinations. Reference test methods and procedures include determination of insoluble residue, silicon dioxide, ammonium hydroxide group, ferric oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur, loss on ignition, sodium and potassium oxides, manganic oxide, chloride, chloroform-soluble organic substances. Alternative test methods and procedures include determination of calcium oxide, calcium dioxide, magnesium oxide, loss on ignition, titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganic oxide, and free calcium oxide. The standardization used for qualification and for analysis of each constituent shall be determined by valid curve-fitting procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents:
Section
Subject
2
Referenced Documents
4
Description of Referee Analyses
4.1
Referee Analyses
5
Qualification for Different Analyses
5.1
Certified Reference Materials
5.2
Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.3
Alternative Analyses
5.4
Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
6
General
6.1
Interferences and Limitations
6.2
Apparatus and Materials
6.3
Reagents
6.4
Sample Preparation
6.5
General Procedures
6.6
Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
7
Insoluble Residue
8
Silicon Dioxide
8.2
Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
8.3
Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
9
Ammonium Hydroxide Group
10
Ferric Oxide
11
Phosphorus Pentoxide
12
Titanium Dioxide
13
Zinc Oxide
14
Aluminum Oxide
15
Calcium Oxide
16
Magnesium Oxide
17
Sulfur
17.1
Sulfur Trioxide
17.2
Sulfide
18
Loss On Ignition
18.1
Portland Cement
18.2...
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C114 − 13
StandardTest Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
14 Aluminum Oxide
15 Calcium Oxide
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of
16 Magnesium Oxide
hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated accept- 17 Sulfur
17.1 Sulfur Trioxide
able precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic
17.2 Sulfide
cements, including analyses for referee and certification
18 Loss On Ignition
purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test 18.1 Portland Cement
18.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
methodsareprovidedforeaseofreferenceforthosedesiringto
19 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and
19.1 Total Alkalis
19.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long
20 Manganic Oxide
accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a
21 Chloride
reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hy-
22 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
Alternative Test Methods
drauliccements.Thealternativetestmethodsgenerallyprovide
23 Calcium Oxide
individual determination of specific analytes and may be used
24 Carbon Dioxide
alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic
25 Magnesium Oxide
26 Loss on Ignition
scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the
26.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
individual method.
27 Titanium Dioxide
28 Phosphorus Pentoxide
1.2 Contents:
29 Manganic Oxide
Section Subject
30 Free Calcium Oxide
2 Referenced Documents
Appendices Title
4 Description of Referee Analyses
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
4.1 Referee Analyses
for the Chloride Determination
5 Qualification for Different Analyses
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
5.1 Certified Reference Materials
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.3 Alternative Analyses
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
5.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
standard.
6 General
6.1 Interferences and Limitations
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
6.2 Apparatus and Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
6.3 Reagents
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6.4 Sample Preparation
6.5 General Procedures
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.3.2.1 and
Reference Test Methods
16.4.1 for specific caution statements.
7 Insoluble Residue
8 Silicon Dioxide
8.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
2. Referenced Documents
8.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
9 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
10 Ferric Oxide
C25Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
11 Phosphorus Pentoxide
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
12 Titanium Dioxide
13 Zinc Oxide D1193Specification for Reagent Water
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
CementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositional
2
Analysis. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published November 2013. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ε1
approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C114-11b . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0114-13. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 − 13
A
TABLE 1 Maximum Permissible Variations in Results
E275PracticeforDescribingandMeasuringPerformanceof
(Column 3)
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
Maximum
E350Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
(Column 2) Difference of
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
Maximum the
(Column 1)
Difference Average of
Wrought Iron
Analyte
Between Duplicates from
E617Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision B
Duplicates CRM
Mass Standards
Certificate
C,D,B
Values
E832S
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C114 − 11b C114 − 13
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Eq 14 was corrected editorially in August 2013.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable
precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as
explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are
grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical
test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test
methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations
within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents: Contents:
Section Subject
2 Referenced Documents
4 Description of Referee Analyses
4.1 Referee Analyses
5 Qualification for Different Analyses
5.1 Certified Reference Materials
5.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.3 Alternative Analyses
5.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
6 General
6.1 Interferences and Limitations
6.2 Apparatus and Materials
6.3 Reagents
6.4 Sample Preparation
6.5 General Procedures
6.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
7 Insoluble Residue
8 Silicon Dioxide
8.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
8.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
9 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
10 Ferric Oxide
11 Phosphorus Pentoxide
12 Titanium Dioxide
13 Zinc Oxide
14 Aluminum Oxide
15 Calcium Oxide
16 Magnesium Oxide
17 Sulfur
17.1 Sulfur Trioxide
17.2 Sulfide
18 Loss On Ignition
18.1 Portland Cement
18.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
19 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.23 on Compositional Analysis.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011Oct. 1, 2013. Published August 2011November 2013. Originally approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as
ε1
C114 - 11a.C114 - 11b . DOI: 10.1520/C0114-11B.10.1520/C0114-13.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 − 13
19.1 Total Alkalis
19.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
20 Manganic Oxide
21 Chloride
22 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
Alternative Test Methods
23 Calcium Oxide
24 Carbon Dioxide
25 Magnesium Oxide
26 Loss on Ignition
26.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
27 Titanium Dioxide
28 Phosphorus Pentoxide
29 Manganic Oxide
30 Free Calcium Oxide
Appendices Title
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
for the Chloride Determination
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See 8.3.2.1 and 16.4.1 for specific caution statements.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought
Iron
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision Mass Standards
E832 Specificatio
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.