ASTM C114-11be1
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Specific chemical test methods are grouped as reference test methods and alternative test methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements and are also required for referee analysis in those cases where conformance to chemical specification requirements are questioned. Apparatus and materials for the test method include balance, weights, glassware and laboratory containers, desiccators, filter paper, crucibles, and muffle furnace. Standard reagents for the test method shall be used within the limits of the specification. These reagents shall include purity agents, water, repackaged reagents, concentrated acids and ammonium hydroxide, nonstandardized solutions, and indicator solutions. Sample preparation and general test procedures shall be followed according to the specification. General procedures include sample weighing, taring of crucibles, weighing of ignited residues, volatilization of platinum, chemical analyses, and calculation. Reporting of analyses shall be of the following order: major components, minor components, and separate determinations. Reference test methods and procedures include determination of insoluble residue, silicon dioxide, ammonium hydroxide group, ferric oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur, loss on ignition, sodium and potassium oxides, manganic oxide, chloride, chloroform-soluble organic substances. Alternative test methods and procedures include determination of calcium oxide, calcium dioxide, magnesium oxide, loss on ignition, titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganic oxide, and free calcium oxide. The standardization used for qualification and for analysis of each constituent shall be determined by valid curve-fitting procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents:
Section
Subject
2
Referenced Documents
4
Description of Referee Analyses
4.1
Referee Analyses
5
Qualification for Different Analyses
5.1
Certified Reference Materials
5.2
Requirements for Qualification Testing
5.3
Alternative Analyses
5.4
Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
6
General
6.1
Interferences and Limitations
6.2
Apparatus and Materials
6.3
Reagents
6.4
Sample Preparation
6.5
General Procedures
6.6
Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
7
Insoluble Residue
8
Silicon Dioxide
8.2
Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
8.3
Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
9
Ammonium Hydroxide Group
10
Ferric Oxide
11
Phosphorus Pentoxide
12
Titanium Dioxide
13
Zinc Oxide
14
Aluminum Oxide
15
Calcium Oxide
16
Magnesium Oxide
17
Sulfur
17.1
Sulfur Trioxide
17.2
Sulfide
18
Loss On Ignition
18.1
Portland Cement ...
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: C114 − 11b
StandardTest Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Eq 14 was corrected editorially in August 2013.
1. Scope*
6.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of
7 Insoluble Residue
hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated accept- 8 Silicon Dioxide
8.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
able precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic
8.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
cements, including analyses for referee and certification
9 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
purposes, as explained in Section 4. Specific chemical test 10 Ferric Oxide
11 Phosphorus Pentoxide
methodsareprovidedforeaseofreferenceforthosedesiringto
12 Titanium Dioxide
use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and
13 Zinc Oxide
14 Aluminum Oxide
Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long
15 Calcium Oxide
accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a
16 Magnesium Oxide
reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hy-
17 Sulfur
17.1 Sulfur Trioxide
drauliccements.Thealternativetestmethodsgenerallyprovide
17.2 Sulfide
individual determination of specific analytes and may be used
18 Loss On Ignition
alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic
18.1 Portland Cement
18.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the
19 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
individual method.
19.1 Total Alkalis
19.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
1.2 Contents:
20 Manganic Oxide
21 Chloride
22 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
Alternative Test Methods
Section Subject
23 Calcium Oxide
2 Referenced Documents
24 Carbon Dioxide
4 Description of Referee Analyses
25 Magnesium Oxide
4.1 Referee Analyses
26 Loss on Ignition
5 Qualification for Different Analyses
26.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
5.1 Certified Reference Materials
27 Titanium Dioxide
5.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
28 Phosphorus Pentoxide
5.3 Alternative Analyses
29 Manganic Oxide
5.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
30 Free Calcium Oxide
6 General
Appendices Title
6.1 Interferences and Limitations
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
6.2 Apparatus and Materials
for the Chloride Determination
6.3 Reagents
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
6.4 Sample Preparation
6.5 General Procedures
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
CementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositional
Analysis.
standard.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011. Published August 2011. Originally
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C114-11a. DOI:
10.1520/C0114-11B. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
´1
C114 − 11b
A
TABLE 1 Maximum Permissible Variations in Results
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
(Column 3)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Maximum
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 8.3.2.1 and
(Column 2) Difference of
16.4.1 for specific caution statements.
Maximum the
(Column 1)
Difference Average of
Analyte
Between Duplicates from
2. Referenced Documents
B
Duplicates CRM
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: Certificate
C,D,B
Values
C25Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
SiO (silicon dioxide) 0.16 ±0.2
2
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
Al O (aluminum oxide) 0.20 ±0.2
2 3
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
Fe O (ferric oxide) 0.10 ±0.10
2 3
CaO (calcium oxide) 0.20 ±0.3
E29Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
MgO (magnesium oxide) 0.16 ±0.2
Determine Conformance with Specifications
SO (sulfur trioxide) 0.10 ±0.1
3
E275PracticeforDescribingandMeasuringPerformanceof
LOI (loss on ignition) 0.10 ±0.10
Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers Na O (sodium oxide) 0.03 ±0.05
2
K O (potassium oxide) 0.03 ±0.05
2
E350Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,
TiO (titanium dioxide) 0.02 ±0
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.