ASTM D5191-18
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Vapor pressure is a very important physical property of volatile liquids.
5.2 The vapor pressure of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends is regulated by various government agencies.
5.3 Specifications for volatile petroleum products generally include vapor pressure limits to ensure products of suitable volatility performance.
5.4 This test method is more precise than Test Method D4953, uses a small sample size (1 mL to 10 mL), and requires about 7 min to complete the test.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure exerted in vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or without oxygenates and with ethanol blends up to 85 % (volume fraction) (see Note 1). This test method is suitable for testing samples with boiling points above 0 °C (32 °F) that exert a vapor pressure between 7 kPa and 130 kPa (1.0 psi and 18.6 psi) at 37.8 °C (100 °F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1. Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range from 1 mL to 10 mL. No account is made for dissolved water in the sample.
Note 1: The precision (see Section 16) using 1 L containers was determined in a 2003 interlaboratory study (ILS);2 the precision using 250 mL containers was determined in a 2016 ILS.3
Note 2: Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios, temperatures, and pressures, but the precision and bias statements need not apply.
Note 3: The ILS conducted in 1988, 1991, 2003, and 2016 to determine the precision statements in Test Method D5191 did not include any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as IP 481, have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements of crude oils.
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 8.5, it shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 15).
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1 in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the dry vapor pressure that would be obtained on the same material when tested by Test Method D4953.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D5191 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the
dryvaporpressurethatwouldbeobtainedonthesamematerial
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor
when tested by Test Method D4953.
pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure
exerted in vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
without oxygenates and with ethanol blends up to 85 % provided for information only and are not considered standard.
(volume fraction) (see Note 1). This test method is suitable for
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many
testing samples with boiling points above 0 °C (32 °F) that
regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause
exert a vapor pressure between 7 kPa and 130 kPa (1.0 psi and
serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been dem-
18.6 psi) at 37.8 °C (100 °F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1.
onstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.
Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range
Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing
from 1 mL to 10 mL. No account is made for dissolved water
products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS)
in the sample.
for additional information. The potential exists that selling
mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited
NOTE 1—The precision (see Section 16) using 1 L containers was
2
determined in a 2003 interlaboratory study (ILS); the precision using
by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales
3
250 mL containers was determined in a 2016 ILS.
in their location.
NOTE 2—Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios,
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
temperatures,andpressures,buttheprecisionandbiasstatementsneednot
apply. safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 3—The ILS conducted in 1988, 1991, 2003, and 2016 to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
determine the precision statements in Test Method D5191 did not include
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as IP 481,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements of crude
For specific safety warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
oils.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 8.5,it
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
shall be indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
(see Note 15).
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry
vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-
2. Referenced Documents
oxygenate blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1 4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2892 Test Method for Distillation of Crude Petroleum
(15-Theoretical Plate Column)
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Petroleum Products
Current edition approved June 1, 2018. Published September 2018. Originally
D4953 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Gasoline and
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5191 – 15. DOI:
Gasoline-Oxygenate Blends (Dry Method)
10.1520/D5191-18.
2
Supporting data have been filed at ASTM International Headquarters and may
beobtainedbyrequestingResearchReportRR:D02-1619.ContactASTMCustomer
4
Service at service@astm.org. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
Research Report IP 394 (EN 130161) and IP 619 (EN 130163) 2016, contact ASTM
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5191 − 15 D5191 − 18
Standard Test Method for
1
Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5191; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the use of automated vapor pressure instruments to determine the total vapor pressure exerted in
vacuum by air-containing, volatile, liquid petroleum products, including automotive spark-ignition fuels with or without
oxygenates and with ethanol blends up to 85 % (volume fraction) (see Note 1). This test method is suitable for testing samples with
boiling points above 0 °C (32 °F) that exert a vapor pressure between 7 kPa and 130 kPa 130 kPa (1.0 psi and 18.6 psi) at 37.8 °C
(100 °F) at a vapor-to-liquid ratio of 4:1. Measurements are made on liquid sample sizes in the range from 1 mL to 10 mL. 10 mL.
No account is made for dissolved water in the sample.
2
NOTE 1—An The precision (see Section 16interlaboratory study was) using 1 L containers was determined in a 2003 interlaboratory study (ILS);
conducted in 2008 involving 11 different laboratories submitting 15 data sets and 15 different samples of ethanol-fuel blends containing 25 volume %,
50 volume %, and 75 volume % ethanol. The results indicated that the repeatability limits of these samples are with in the published repeatability of this
test method. on this basis, it can be concluded that the precision using 250 mL containers was determined in a 2016 ILS.D5191 is applicable to
ethanol-fuel blends such as Ed75 and Ed85 (Specification D5798) and other ethanol-fuel blends with greater than 10 v% ethanol. See ASTM RR:
3
D02–1694 filed with ASTM for supporting data.
NOTE 2—Samples can also be tested at other vapor-to-liquid ratios, temperatures, and pressures, but the precision and bias statements need not apply.
NOTE 3—The interlaboratory studies ILS conducted in 1988, 1991, 2003, and 20032016 to determine the precision statements in Test Method D5191
did not include any crude oil in the sample sets. Test Method D6377, as well as IP 481, have been shown to be suitable for vapor pressure measurements
of crude oils.
1.1.1 Some gasoline-oxygenate blends may show a haze when cooled to 0 °C to 1 °C. If a haze is observed in 8.5, it shall be
indicated in the reporting of results. The precision and bias statements for hazy samples have not been determined (see Note 15).
1.2 This test method is suitable for calculation of the dry vapor pressure equivalent (DVPE) of gasoline and gasoline-oxygenate
blends by means of a correlation equation (see Eq 1 in 14.2). The calculated DVPE very closely approximates the dry vapor
pressure that would be obtained on the same material when tested by Test Method D4953.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units values given in parentheses after SI units
are provided for information only.only and are not considered standard.
1.4 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous materialsubstance that can cause
central nervous system, kidney and liver damage. serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, may has been demonstrated to be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury
containing mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s
website – http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm - for additional information. Users should be aware (SDS) for additional
information. The potential exists that selling mercury and/or mercury containing products into your state or country may be
prohibited by law. or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality
of sales in their location.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific safety warning statements, see 7.2 through 7.8.
1
This t
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.