ASTM G174-04(2017)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive Loop Contact

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test is useful for screening materials for use in tools that are subjected to abrasion from the material that is being machined, worked, or formed. It has been used to screen tool steels for punch press dies, hardfacings for earth-moving machinery, and wear coatings. This is simpler to build and use than those used in the Test Method G132 abrasion test which, like this test, uses a fixed abrasive counterface to abrade a test material.  
5.2 The one-hour test is intended for metals and materials that are softer than hardened steel (67 HRC), but may be applied to harder materials (see 7.1.7).
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied to metals.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Jul-2017
• ICS: 25.100.70 - Abrasives
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.30 - Abrasive Wear

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: G174 − 04 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive
1
Loop Contact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope sion Tests (Withdrawn 2016)
G132 Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering ma-
terials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum
3. Terminology
oxide abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be
3.1 Definitions:
tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—wear due to hard particles or hard
coatings applied to metals.
protuberances forced against, and moving along, a solid
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
surface.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard.
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the process of abrasive wear.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Terminology G40 does not define abra-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sion.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 abrasion resistance, n—in tribology, the ability of a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
material to resist damage or attrition by abrasion.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 fixed abrasive tape, n—hard particles or grains bonded
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
(fixed) to one side of a flexible web with a resin or similar
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
binder. The particles can be of any hard material and vary in
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
size. (This abrasive medium is also known as “finishing tape,”
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
“microfinishing tape,” “microfinishing film,” or “finishing
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
film.”)
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.2.4 flexible web, n—plastic, paper, rubber, or other mate-
2. Referenced Documents
rial that is thin enough to conform to a 180° wrap around a
2
16-mm diameter cylinder under a tension of less than
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.8 kg⁄cm width.
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ASTM Test Methods
4. Summary of Test Method
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
4.1 This test involves rubbing an abrasive tape loop initially
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
in line-contact with a solid surface.The tape abrasion produces
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
a groove in the test surface, and the volume of material
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
removed in a designated amount of abrasive rubbing is
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of
measured by mass loss or by calculation from the groove
Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Ero-
geometry. The continuous loop of abrasive is used for the
duration of the test and then discarded.Afresh loop is used for
each one-hour test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive 4.2 The wear volume produced in this test provides a
Wear.
measure of the ability of a surface to resist wear damage from
Current edition approved July 15, 2017. Published August 2017. Originally
abrasive substances. The smaller the wear volume in this test,
ɛ1
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as G174 – 04 (2009) .
the better the abrasion resistance.
DOI: 10.1520/G0174-04R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G174 − 04 (2017)
FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Rig
4.3 The test was developed using 30 µm-mean diameter 7. Test Procedure
aluminum oxide abrasive on a 127 µm-thick polyester support,
7.1 Standard Test for Metals Softer than 67 HRC:
but other commercially available abrasive tapes could be used.
7.1.1 Specimen Preparation—The test surfaces (7.6 by
The test has also been used with
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: G174 − 04 (Reapproved 2009) G174 − 04 (Reapproved 2017)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Abrasion Resistance of Materials by Abrasive
1
Loop Contact
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G174; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Minor editorial changes were made throughout in May 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers ranking rigid engineering materials for abrasion resistance in rubbing against aluminum oxide
abrasive finishing tape. Though most solids can be tested, this test method addresses its use for metals, and coatings applied to
metals.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
G117 Guide for Calculating and Reporting Measures of Precision Using Data from Interlaboratory Wear or Erosion Tests
3
(Withdrawn 2016)
G132 Test Method for Pin Abrasion Testing
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances forced against, and moving along, a solid surface.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 abrasion, n—the process of abrasive wear.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.
Current edition approved May 1, 2009July 15, 2017. Published May 2009August 2017. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20042009 as G174
ɛ1
– 04. 04 (2009) . DOI: 10.1520/G0174-04R09E01. 10.1520/G0174-04R17.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—
Terminology G40 does not define abrasion.
3.2.2 abrasion resistance, n—in tribology, the ability of a material to resist damage or attrition by abrasion.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G174 − 04 (2017)
FIG. 1 Schematic of Test Rig
3.2.3 fixed abrasive tape, n—hard particles or grains bonded (fixed) to one side of a flexible web with a resin or similar binder.
The particles can be of any hard material and vary in size. (This abrasive medium is also known as “finishing tape,” “microfinishing
tape,” “microfinishing film,” or “finishing film.”)
3.2.4 flexible web, n—plastic, paper, rubber, or other material that is thin enough to conform to a 180° wrap around a 16-mm
diameter cylinder under a tension of less than 1.8 kg ⁄cm width.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 This test involves rubbing an abrasive tape loop initially in line-contact with a solid surface. The tape abrasion produces a
groove in the test surface, and the volume of material removed in a designated amount of abrasive rubbing is measured by mass
loss or by calculation from the groove geometry. The continuous loop of abrasive is used for the duration of the test and then
discarded. A fresh loop is used for each one-hour test.
4.2 The wear volume produced in this test provides a measure of the ability of a surface to resist wear damage from abrasive
subst
...