ASTM C859-14
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
Standard Terminology Relating to Nuclear Materials
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard contains terms, definitions, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of acronyms and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle. This terminology may also be applicable to documents not under the jurisdiction of Committee C26, in which case this terminology may be referenced in those documents.
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Designation: C859 − 14
StandardTerminology Relating to
1
Nuclear Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope alteration layer, n—in materials interaction with water,a
layer of alteration phases at the surface of the specimen.
1.1 This terminology standard contains terms, definitions,
DISCUSSION—Several distinct layers may form at the surface and
descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of acro-
within cracks in the material. Layers may be composed of discrete
nyms and symbols specifically associated with standards under
crystallites.
thejurisdictionofCommitteeC26onNuclearFuelCycle.This
alteration mechanism, n—the series of fundamental chemical
terminologymayalsobeapplicabletodocumentsnotunderthe
or physical processes by which alteration occurs.
jurisdiction of Committee C26, in which case this terminology
may be referenced in those documents.
alteration mode, n—for the prediction of long-term behavior
of materials, a particular form of alteration, for example:
2. Terminology
general corrosion, localized corrosion.
2 -2
absorbed dose, D, [L T ], n—absorbed dose is the mean
alteration phase, n—in materials interactions with their
energy imparted by ionizing radiation to a unit mass of
environment, a solid phase formed as a result of material
specified material.
interactions, that replaces some amount of the original
DISCUSSION—The SI unit for absorbed dose is the gray (Gy), defined
as 1 J/kg. phase; may form by precipitation from solution of in-situ
transformation of a chemically altered solid.
abundance sensitivity, n—in methods of chemical analysis,
the ratio of the ion beam intensity of the major isotope, M,
alteration product, n—see alteration phase.
to the background current at the adjacent mass positions.
analysis (physical or chemical), n—the determination of
ion current at mass M
physicalorchemicalpropertiesorcompositionofamaterial.
Abundance sensitivity 5 (1)
ion current at M61
analyte, n—in method of chemical analysis, a sample compo-
accuracy, n—theclosenessofagreementbetweenameasure-
nent whose presence and concentration is of interest.
ment result and an accepted reference. (E170)
analytical sample, n—a portion of a material (solid, liquid, or
–1
activity, A, [T ], n—the measure of the rate of spontaneous
gas) used in chemical, physical, or radiological analysis.
nucleartransformationsofaradioactivematerial.TheSIunit
for activity is the becquerel (Bq), defined as one transfor- back-reaction, n—reaction between dissolved components
mation per second. The original unit for activity was the and a material to re-form bonds that are broken during
10
curie (Ci), defined as 3.7 × 10 transformations per second. dissolution of this material.
–1
alpha radiation, n—is the spontaneous emission of an alpha
becquerel (Bq), [T ], n—the SI unit of measure for activity,
particle, composed of two protons and two neutrons with a
defined as one transformation per second.
positive charge of plus two, during the nuclear transforma-
beta radiation, n—an electron that was generated in the
tion process.
atomic nucleus during decay and has a negative charge of
DISCUSSION—An alpha particle is the same as a helium-4 atom with
one.
no electrons.
bias of a measurement process, n—a consistent or systematic
alteration, n—any change in the form, state, or properties of
materials. difference between a set of test results obtained from the
process when measuring a property, and the accepted refer-
ence value of the property being measured.
1
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC26onNuclear
FuelCycleandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC26.01onEditorialand
canyon, n—in the nuclear industry, a long, narrow, remotely
Terminology.
operated, radiological facility.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2014. Published February 2014. Originally
DISCUSSION—A large, heavily-shielded facility where nuclear mate-
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C859–13a. DOI:
10.1520/C0859-14. rial is processed or stored.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C859 − 14
2 –3
chemical durability, n—in leach tests, the resistance of a dose rate, [L T ], n—aquantityofabsorbeddosereceivedin
material to alteration, dissolution, and release of its a given unit of time.
constituents, under the specific conditions of the test.
effective diffusion coefficient (effective diffusivity), D ,
e
2 1
c
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C859 − 13a C859 − 14
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Nuclear Materials
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C859; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology standard contains terms, definitions, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of acronyms
and symbols specifically associated with standards under the jurisdiction of Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle. This
terminology may also be applicable to documents not under the jurisdiction of Committee C26, in which case this terminology may
be referenced in those documents.
2. Terminology
2 -2
absorbed dose, D, [L T ], n—absorbed dose is the mean energy imparted by ionizing radiation to a unit mass of specified
material.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.01 on Editorial and
Terminology.
Current edition approved June 1, 2013Jan. 15, 2014. Published July 2013February 2014. Originally approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as
C859 – 13.C859 – 13a. DOI: 10.1520/C0859-13a.10.1520/C0859-14.
DISCUSSION—
The SI unit for absorbed dose is the gray (Gy), defined as 1 J/kg.
abundance sensitivity, n—in methods of chemical analysis, the ratio of the ion beam intensity of the major isotope, M, to the
background current at the adjacent mass positions.
ion current at mass M
Abundance sensitivity 5 (1)
ion current at M61
accuracy, n—the closeness of agreement between a measurement result and an accepted reference. (E170)
–1
activity, A, [T ], n—the measure of the rate of spontaneous nuclear transformations of a radioactive material. The SI unit for
activity is the becquerel (Bq), defined as one transformation per second. The original unit for activity was the curie (Ci), defined
10
as 3.7 × 10 transformations per second.
alpha radiation, n—is the spontaneous emission of an alpha particle, composed of two protons and two neutrons with a positive
charge of plus two, during the nuclear transformation process.
DISCUSSION—
An alpha particle is the same as a helium-4 atom with no electrons.
alteration, n—any change in the form, state, or properties of materials.
alteration layer, n—in materials interaction with water, a layer of alteration phases at the surface of the specimen.
DISCUSSION—
Several distinct layers may form at the surface and within cracks in the material. Layers may be composed of discrete crystallites.
alteration mechanism, n—the series of fundamental chemical or physical processes by which alteration occurs.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C859 − 14
alteration mode, n—for the prediction of long-term behavior of materials, a particular form of alteration, for example: general
corrosion, localized corrosion.
alteration phase, n—in materials interactions with their environment, a solid phase formed as a result of material interactions, that
replaces some amount of the original phase; may form by precipitation from solution of in-situ transformation of a chemically
altered solid.
alteration product, n—see alteration phase.
analysis (physical or chemical), n—the determination of physical or chemical properties or composition of a material.
analyte, n—in method of chemical analysis, a sample component whose presence and concentration is of interest.
analytical sample, n—a portion of a material (solid, liquid, or gas) used in chemical, physical, or radiological analysis.
back-reaction, n—reaction between dissolved components and a material to re-form bonds that are broken during dissolution of
this material.
–1
becquerel (Bq), [T ], n—the SI unit of measure for activity, defined as one transformation per second.
beta radiation, n—an electron that was generated in the atomic nucleus during decay and has a negative charge of one.
bias of a measurement process, n—a consistent or systematic difference between a set of test results obtained from the process
when measuring a property, and the accepted reference value of the property being measured.
canyon, n—in the nuclear industry, a long, narrow, remotely operated, radiological facility.
DISCUSSION—
A large
...
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