ASTM C173/C173M-10
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates, air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.
This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.
The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete specimen is taken; uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate, whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
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Designation:C173/C173M–10
Standard Test Method for
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C173/C173M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly
Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
1.1 This test method covers determination of the air content
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Con-
of freshly mixed concrete containing any type of aggregate,
crete by the Pressure Method
whether it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are
showninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemmaynotbe
3. Significance and Use
exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used inde-
3.1 This test method covers the determination of the air
pendentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystems
contentoffreshlymixedconcrete.Itmeasurestheaircontained
may result in non-conformance with the standard.
in the mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggre-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh
gates.
hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause
2 3.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient
chemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with
2. Referenced Documents water, so that after the first or subsequent rollings little or no
3 foam collects in the neck of the top section of the meter. If
2.1 ASTM Standards:
more foam is present than that equivalent to 2 % air above the
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated
and Voids in Aggregate
using a larger quantity of alcohol.Addition of alcohol to dispel
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test
foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero
Specimens in the Field
mark is not permitted.
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight),
3.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either
Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement
depends upon the methods and amounts of consolidation effort
Concrete
applied to the concrete from which the hardened concrete
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
specimenistaken;uniformityandstabilityoftheairbubblesin
the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on
examination, if used; time of comparison; environmental
Concrete and ConcreteAggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation
C09.60 on Testing Fresh Concrete.
processes at which the air content of the unhardened concrete
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2010. Published March 2010. Originally
approvedin1942.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2009asC173/C173M–09DOI:
is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through
10.1520/C0173_C0173M-10
a pump; and other factors.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
4. Apparatus
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1 Air Meter—An air meter consisting of a bowl and a top
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
section (Fig. 1) conforming to the following requirements:
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C173/C173M–10a Designation:C173/C173M–10b
Standard Test Method for
Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric
1
Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C173/C173M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversdeterminationoftheaircontentoffreshlymixedconcretecontaininganytypeofaggregate,whether
it be dense, cellular, or lightweight.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The SIinch-pound units
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.(Warning—Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to skin and
2
tissue upon prolonged exposure. )
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density (Unit Weight) and Voids in Aggregate
C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field
C138/C138M Test Method for Density (Unit Weight), Yield, and Air Content (Gravimetric) of Concrete
C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-Cement Concrete
C172 Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
C173/C173M Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
C231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method covers the determination of the air content of freshly mixed concrete. It measures the air contained in the
mortar fraction of the concrete, but is not affected by air that may be present inside porous aggregate particles.
3.1.1 Therefore, this is the appropriate test to determine the air content of concretes containing lightweight aggregates,
air-cooled slag, and highly porous or vesicular natural aggregates.
3.2 This test method requires the addition of sufficient isopropyl alcohol, when the meter is initially being filled with water, so
thatafterthefirstorsubsequentrollingslittleornofoamcollectsintheneckofthetopsectionofthemeter.Ifmorefoamispresent
than that equivalent to 2 % air above the water level, the test is declared invalid and must be repeated using a larger quantity of
alcohol. Addition of alcohol to dispel foam any time after the initial filling of the meter to the zero mark is not permitted.
3.3 The air content of hardened concrete may be either higher or lower than that determined by this test method. This depends
uponthemethodsandamountsofconsolidationeffortappliedtotheconcretefromwhichthehardenedconcretespecimenistaken;
uniformity and stability of the air bubbles in the fresh and hardened concrete; accuracy of the microscopic examination, if used;
time of comparison; environmental exposure; stage in the delivery, placement and consolidation processes at which the air content
of the unhardened concrete is determined, that is, before or after the concrete goes through a pump; and other factors.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.60 on
Testing Fresh Concrete.
Current edition approved JulyOct. 1, 2010. PublishedAugustNovember 2010. Originally approved in 1942. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C173/C173M–10a.
DOI: 10.1520/C0173_C0173M-10ab.
2
Section on Safety Precautions, Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing, Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes sec
...
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