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ASTM D2024-65(2003)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants

Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The cloud point temperature is a reproducible characteristic of certain  pure  nonionic surfactants. It is also characteristic of certain nonionic surfactant formulated systems. This test method is appropriate for both systems.
Note 1—If the transition from a distinctly cloudy to a clear solution is not sharp, that is, if it does not take place within a range of 1°C, this test method is not appropriate.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solubility inversion temperature or "cloud point" of nonionic surfactants or detergent systems which are characteristically less soluble in water at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures. It is limited to those surfactants and detergent systems for which the visible solubility change occurs over a range of 1°C or less at concentrations of 0.5 to 1.0 % in water between 30 and 95°C.
1.2 Chemical LimitationsNonionic surfactants that exhibit a characteristic cloud point in general terms consist of a water-in-soluble moiety condensed with 50 to 75 % by weight of ethylene oxide.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Aug-1965
ICS
71.100.40 - Surface active agents
Technical Committee
D12 - Soaps and Other Detergents
Drafting Committee
D12.15 - Physical Testing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2024-65(1997) - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants
Effective Date
31-Aug-1965
Replaced By
ASTM D2024-09 - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants
Effective Date
01-Oct-2009
Referred By
ASTM D4252-89(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Alcohol Ethoxylates and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates
Effective Date
31-Aug-1965
Referred By
ASTM D8179-18 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Detergents for the Cleaning of Clinically-used Medical Devices
Effective Date
31-Aug-1965

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ASTM D2024-65(2003) - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic SurfactantsASTM D2024-65(2003) - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants
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ASTM D2024-65(2003) - Standard Test Method for Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2024–65 (Reapproved 2003)
Standard Test Method for
Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2024; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
NOTE 1—If the transition from a distinctly cloudy to a clear solution is
1. Scope
not sharp, that is, if it does not take place within a range of 1°C, this test
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the solu-
method is not appropriate.
bility inversion temperature or “cloud point” of nonionic
surfactants or detergent systems which are characteristically
4. Interferences
less soluble in water at higher temperatures than at lower
4.1 Ionicsurfactantsordetergentsinconcentrationsdownto
temperatures. It is limited to those surfactants and detergent
1 % or less of the nonionic surfactant drastically raise the
systems for which the visible solubility change occurs over a
characteristiccloudpointofthelatter.Thepresenceofsaltsand
range of 1°C or less at concentrations of 0.5 to 1.0 % in water
bases (that is, non-surface active materials) will lower the
between 30 and 95°C.
characteristic cloud point. Acids tend to raise the cloud point.
1.2 Chemical Limitations—Nonionic surfactants that ex-
hibit a characteristic cloud point in general terms consist of a 5. Apparatus
water-in-soluble moiety condensed with 50 to 75 % by weight
5.1 Thermometer—AnASTMPartialImmersionThermom-
of ethylene oxide.
eter having a range from−20 to+150°C or 0 to 302°F and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
conforming to the requirements for Thermometer 1C or 1F in
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
accordance with Specification E1.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Procedure
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 Prepare a 1.0 % test solution by weighing a 1 6 0.1-g
sample into a 150-mL beaker and add 100 mL of distilled or
2. Referenced Documents
demineralized water which is at a temperature of less than
2.1 ASTM Standards:
30°C.Agitateuntilthesampleisdissolved.Pour50 65mLof
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
test solution into a 25 by 200-mm test tube of borosilicate
glass. While agitating the test solution slowly with the ther-
3. Significance and Use
mometer, heat the test tube with a bunsen burner until the test
3.1 The cloud point temperature is a r
...

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