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ASTM D5770-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing

Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing

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1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 to 1.0 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating oils.
Note 1—This test method is a micro version of Test Method D 974 and it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher precision methods such as Test Methods D 974 or D 664. It shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Dec-2002
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.06 - Analysis of Liquid Fuels and Lubricants
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5770-96 - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D5770-02(2007) - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
Effective Date
01-May-2007
Referred By
ASTM D5846-07(2017) - Standard Test Method for Universal Oxidation Test for Hydraulic and Turbine Oils Using the Universal Oxidation Test Apparatus
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D4871-11(2022) - Standard Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability Test Apparatus
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002
Referred By
ASTM D943-20 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
Effective Date
10-Dec-2002

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ASTM D5770-02 - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation TestingASTM D5770-02 - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
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ASTM D5770-02 - Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Please
contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation:D5770–02
Standard Test Method for
Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of
1
Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability
3
Test Apparatus
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method
intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents
3. Terminology
occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the
3.1 Definitions:
acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 to 1.0
3.1.1 acid number, n—the quantity of base, expressed in
mgofpotassiumhydroxidepergramofsample.Itisapplicable
milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample, that is
to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating
required to titrate a sample dissolved in a specified solvent to
oils.
a specified endpoint.
NOTE 1—ThistestmethodisamicroversionofTestMethodD 974and
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the acid number is
it produces results similar to that method.
calculated from the number of drops required to produce a
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size
change in solution color from blue-green to orange, compared
is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher
to the number of drops required to produce an identical color
precision methods such as Test Methods D 974 or D 664.It
change using a reference standard. Because this is a direct
shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
comparison method, the acid number value can be reported in
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample.
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Test Method
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 A2.0-mLportion of the titration solution is titrated with
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the a sample using a dropping pipet. The number of drops of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- sample required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
persistent orange color is noted.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.2 A second 2.0-mL portion of the titration solution is
titrated with an acid number reference solution of known acid
2. Referenced Documents
number. The number of drops of the reference solution
2.1 ASTM Standards:
required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a persistent
D 664 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
orange color is noted.
2
by Potentiometric Titration
4.3 The estimated acid number of the sample is calculated
D 943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhib-
using the acid number of the reference solution and the ratio of
2
ited Mineral Oils
the number of drops of the reference solution required to effect
D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
the color change to the number of drops of the sample required
2
Indicator Titration
for the same change.
D 3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Prod-
3
5. Significance and Use
ucts by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
5.1 Thistestmethodprovidesasemiquantitativeestimateof
the acid number of lubricating oils obtained from laboratory
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
oxidation tests using smaller amounts of sample than Test
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
MethodsD 974,D 664,orD 3339.Ithasspecificapplicationin
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved Dec. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. Originally Test Method D 943 and in Test Method D 4871. This test
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 1996 as D 5770–96.
method, therefore, provides a means of monitoring the relative
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Please
contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D5770–02
oxidation of lubricating oils by measuring changes in acid 7.6 Propanol-2-ol
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
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