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ASTM D2095-96(2002)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens

Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative tensile strength of adhesives by the use of bar- and rod-shaped butt-joined specimens under defined conditions of preparation, conditioning, and testing. This test method is applicable to the testing of adhesives with various adherend materials in either similar or dissimilar combinations.
Note 1—An alternative test method for determining the tensile strength of adhesives is Test Method D 897.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Sep-1996
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2095-96e1 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996
Replaced By
ASTM D2095-96(2008) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens
Effective Date
01-Apr-2008
Referred By
ASTM D2094-00(2023) - Standard Practice for Preparation of Bar and Rod Specimens for Adhesion Tests
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996
Referred By
ASTM D6465-99(2016) - Standard Guide for Selecting Aerospace and General Purpose Adhesives and Sealants
Effective Date
10-Sep-1996

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ASTM D2095-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod SpecimensASTM D2095-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens
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ASTM D2095-96(2002) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2095–96(Reapproved2002)
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 2095; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative 3.1 Many of the terms in this standard are defined in
tensile strength of adhesives by the use of bar- and rod-shaped Terminology D 907.
butt-joined specimens under defined conditions of preparation, 3.2 Definition of Term Specific to This Standard:
conditioning, and testing. This test method is applicable to the 3.2.1 tensile strength of an adhesive—the maximum tensile
testing of adhesives with various adherend materials in either stress which it is capable of sustaining. Tensile strength is
similar or dissimilar combinations. calculated from the maximum load during a tension test carried
to rupture and the original cross-sectional area of the specimen
NOTE 1—Analternativetestmethodfordeterminingthetensilestrength
(see Terminology E 6).
of adhesives is Test Method D 897.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information
only.
withregardtothetensilestrengthofadhesives.Tensilestrength
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Tension tests are not considered significant for applications
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
5.1 Testing Machine—A testing machine capable of main-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
taining a specified rate of loading, with the error for indicated
D 897 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Adhesive
loads that are to be measured not exceeding 61 % and the
Bonds
load-indicating mechanism essentially free of inertial lag at a
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
specified rate of loading. Verify the accuracy of the testing
D 2094 Practice for Preparation of Bar and Rod Specimens
machine in accordance with Practices E 4. Ensure that the
for Adhesion Tests
testing machine is provided with the following:
E 4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
5.1.1 Fixed Member—A fixed or essentially stationary
E 6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Test-
member carrying one attachment fixture.
ing
5.1.2 Movable Member—A movable member carrying a
E 104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity
second attachment fixture.
by Means of Aqueous Solutions
5.1.3 Attachment Fixtures—Self-aligning type fixtures for
holdingaspecimenbetweenthefixedmemberandthemovable
member. Ensure that the fixtures are attached to the fixed and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
movable members in such a way that they will move into
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal
Bonding Adhesives.
alignmentassoonasloadisapplied,sothatthelongaxisofthe
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published November 1996. Originally
test specimen will coincide with the direction of the applied
published as D 2095 – 62 T. Last previous edition D 2095 – 92.
2 load.Adesign for fixtures that has proven satisfactory is shown
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01. in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D2095–96 (2002)
FIG. 1 Test Specimens and Attachment Fixtures
5.2 Conditioning Room or Desiccators—A conditioning
room capable of maintaining a relative humidity of 50 6 2% at
23 6 1°C (73.4 6 1.8°F) or desiccators containing a saturated
salt solution (Note 2) to give the same relative humidity and
temperature.
NOTE 2—Asaturated salt solution of calcium nitrate will give approxi-
mately 51 % relative humidity at 24.5°C (see Practice E 104).
6. Test Specimens
6.1 Description and Preparation—Bar- or rod-type speci-
mens. Refer to Practice D 2094 for the design of the specimens
and the procedures used in preparing them.
6.2 Number of Specimens—Test a minimum of five speci-
mens for each test condition.
FIG. 2 Test Specimen with Attachment
...

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SCOPE
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5.1 This test method is designed for obtaining a qualitative estimate of the compatibility of plastics and adhesives. Due to the many process variables associated with the fabrication of plastic parts, it is not possible to use this test as a substitute for compatibility tests on actual parts.  
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4.1 Creep data that are obtained over a relatively short period of time in this test method can provide a measure of an adhesive bond's ability to withstand static loading in shear over a relatively long period of time. Creep measurements are made over a range of expected service conditions, including level of stress, temperature, relative humidity, and duration of load. Creep rate, creep strain, and creep modulus are calculated at the various service conditions.  
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ASTM D2095-96(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Tensile Strength of Adhesives by Means of Bar and Rod Specimens

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tension tests provide reasonably accurate information with regard to the tensile strength of adhesives. Tensile strength data may be suitable for specification acceptance, service evaluation, manufacturing control, research, and development. Tension tests are not considered significant for applications differing from the test in rate, direction, and type of loading.
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ABSTRACT
This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.  
1.1.1 The performance of the adhesives is measured in the following tests:    
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1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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ASTM D907-15(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.  
1.2.2 In the text of the standard, the year of publication is shown following each definition. Also, the following codes are included after the year of publication to describe the type change that was made: (A) Addition, (R) Revision, or (E) Edited.  
1.2.3 Deletions are shown in Appendix X1, suitably footnoted. The deleted terms do not appear in the text of the standard.  
1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7966/D7966M-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Creep of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.  
5.2 Test results from the evaluation of adhesive creep resistance, under designated environmental conditions of the test, provide a measure of the adhesive’s ability to withstand constant loading over a relatively long period of time.  
5.3 Creep measured with this test method is normally used in conjunction with specifications such as, but not limited to Specification D2559 and CSA O112.9 to confirm suitability of an adhesive to resist creep under designed loads when subjected to specific levels of stress, load duration and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.  
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.  
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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ASTM D4800-94(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Classifying and Specifying Adhesives

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.  
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of future adhesives.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of adhesives suitable for holding parts or assemblies together. The use of this guide also provides information necessary for the development of standard specifications for adhesives.  
Note 1: This classification system may serve many of the needs of industries using adhesives. This guide is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.  
1.2 Limitations—This classification system is intended to be a means of identifying adhesives. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the adhesives field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the attachment process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.  
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that adhesives can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades.  
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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