ASTM D464-15

Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Pine Chemical Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of the earlier editions of the test method by the inclusion of tall oil and tall oil derived products as test materials and is referenced in Test Methods D803.  
3.2 The saponification number is an important property of tall oil and the products obtained by the fractionation of tall oil. It is the test method widely used to determine the total acid content, both free and combined, of these products.  
3.3 The potentiometric test method should be used when the most reproducible results are required.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the saponification number of tall oil and products obtained by the fractionation of tall oil such as rosin, fatty acids and distilled tall oil as defined in Terminology D804. These test methods are also applicable to gum and wood rosin. Two test methods are covered as follows:  
1.1.1 Test method using a potentiometric method, and  
1.1.2 Test method using an internal indicator method.  
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both light- and dark-colored test samples. It should be considered the referee method. The internal indicator method is suitable for use only with light- and medium-colored test samples. It should be considered the alternate method.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2015
• ICS: 87.060.20 - Binders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.34 - Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D464-05(2010) - Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Naval Store Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Replaced By: ASTM D464-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Saponification Number of Pine Chemical Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2020
• Referred By: ASTM B32-20 - Standard Specification for Solder Metal
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015
• Referred By: ASTM D803-15(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2015

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D464 −15
Standard Test Methods for
Saponification Number of Pine Chemical Products Including
1
Tall Oil and Other Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D464; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Tall Oil and Related Products
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the
Glass Electrode
saponification number of tall oil and products obtained by the
fractionation of tall oil such as rosin, fatty acids and distilled
3. Significance and Use
talloilasdefinedinTerminologyD804.Thesetestmethodsare
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of
also applicable to gum and wood rosin. Two test methods are
theearliereditionsofthetestmethodbytheinclusionoftalloil
covered as follows:
and tall oil derived products as test materials and is referenced
1.1.1 Test method using a potentiometric method, and
in Test Methods D803.
1.1.2 Test method using an internal indicator method.
3.2 The saponification number is an important property of
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both
talloilandtheproductsobtainedbythefractionationoftalloil.
light- and dark-colored test samples. It should be considered
It is the test method widely used to determine the total acid
the referee method. The internal indicator method is suitable
content, both free and combined, of these products.
for use only with light- and medium-colored test samples. It
should be considered the alternate method.
3.3 The potentiometric test method should be used when the
most reproducible results are required.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4. Preparation of Sample
standard.
4.1 If the sample for analysis is rosin, it shall consist of
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
small pieces of rosin chipped from a freshly exposed part of a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
lump or lumps, and thereafter crushed to facilitate weighing
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and dissolution. Prepare the sample the same day on which the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
test is begun in order to avoid changes in properties due to
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
surface oxidation. Changes are very pronounced on ground
rosin that has a large surface area exposed to air. Existing rosin
2. Referenced Documents
dust and powdered rosin must not be used.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.2 If the sample is a nonhomogeneous liquid, heat the
D803 Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
entire sample in a closed container fitted with a capillary vent
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including
or the equivalent. Some kind of agitation, even if done
occasionally by hand, saves much time. Heat by immersion in
1
open steam or hot water bath to avoid overheating. When
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on
Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct dealing with crystallized rosin, a higher temperature of ap-
responsibility of Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon
proximately 160°C may be needed. Remove samples for
Resins.
testing only when the entire sample is homogeneous and has
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2015. Published December 2015. Originally
been well stirred.
approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D464 – 05 (2010).
DOI: 10.1520/D0464-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 5. Purity of Reagents and Water
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1 Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all re-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. agents shall conform to the specifications established by the
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D464−15
Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical ment and techniques as used in the actual saponification
3
Society, wheresuchspecificationsareavailable.Referencesto number determination.
water shall be understood to mean distilled or deionized water.
7.5 Acid, Standard (0.5 N)—Standardize a 0.5 N solution of
HCl to 60.001 N by any accepted procedure.
POTENTIOMETRIC TEST METHOD (Referee Method)
7.6 Borax Buffer, Standard Sol
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D464 − 05 (Reapproved 2010) D464 − 15
Standard Test Methods for
Saponification Number of Naval StorePine Chemical
1
Products Including Tall Oil and Other Related Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D464; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the saponification number of tall oil and products obtained by the
fractionation of tall oil such as rosin, fatty acids and distilled tall oil as defined in Terminology D804. These test methods are also
applicable to gum and wood rosin. Two test methods are covered as follows:
1.1.1 Test method using a potentiometric method, and
1.1.2 Test method using an internal indicator method.
1.2 The potentiometric method is suitable for use with both light- and dark-colored test samples. It should be considered the
referee method. The internal indicator method is suitable for use only with light- and medium-colored test samples. It should be
considered the alternate method.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D803 Test Methods for Testing Tall Oil
D804 Terminology Relating to Pine Chemicals, Including Tall Oil and Related Products
E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These test methods are designed to broaden the scope of the earlier editions of the test method by the inclusion of tall oil
and tall oil derived products as test materials and is referenced in Test Methods D803.
3.2 The saponification number is an important property of tall oil and the products obtained by the fractionation of tall oil. It
is the test method widely used to determine the total acid content, both free and combined, of these products.
3.3 The potentiometric test method should be used when the most reproducible results are required.
4. Preparation of Sample
4.1 If the sample for analysis is rosin, it shall consist of small pieces of rosin chipped from a freshly exposed part of a lump
or lumps, and thereafter crushed to facilitate weighing and dissolution. Prepare the sample the same day on which the test is begun
in order to avoid changes in properties due to surface oxidation. Changes are very pronounced on ground rosin that has a large
surface area exposed to air. Existing rosin dust and powdered rosin must not be used.
4.2 If the sample is a nonhomogeneous liquid, heat the entire sample in a closed container fitted with a capillary vent or the
equivalent. Some kind of agitation, even if done occasionally by hand, saves much time. Heat by immersion in open steam or hot
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and are the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.34 on Pine Chemicals and Hydrocarbon Resins.
Current edition approved June 1, 2010Dec. 1, 2015. Published June 2010December 2015. Originally approved in 1937. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
D464 – 05.D464 – 05 (2010). DOI: 10.1520/D0464-05R10.10.1520/D0464-15.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D464 − 15
water bath to avoid overheating. When dealing with crystallized rosin, a higher temperature of approximately 160°C may be
needed. Remove samples for testing only when the entire sample is homogeneous and has been well stirred.
5. Purity of Reagents and Water
5.1 Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications established by the Committee
3
on Analytic
...