ASTM C650-04(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances
Standard Test Method for Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This test method is intended for testing ceramic tile that are to be used for food counters, lavatories, and similar residential, medical, and commercial installations, where they may come in contact with food, chemical, and waste substances and for tile in areas where they may be exposed to contact with strong cleaning agents.
3.2 The specification of 10 % hydrochloric acid solution and 10 % potassium hydroxide solution as normal testing fluids, and the length of exposure time and temperature are based on experimental laboratory work and interlaboratory tests, where it was indicated that resistance to these two substances probably assures resistance also to any other acidic or alkaline substance coming in contact with tile, except hydrofluoric acid.
3.3 The validity of using color difference as means of determining the degree to which tile surfaces are affected by acids and alkalies has been established by interlaboratory test and was found to be more reliable than the determination of loss of gloss, particularly for unglazed tile and mat or semimat glazed surfaces. Lack of coordination between instrumental value and visual effect was noted only in the case of minute surface changes, detectable only by oblique viewing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining whether, and to what degree, ceramic tiles are affected by prolonged exposure to chemical substances that are commonly used in the household or for cleaning purposes as well as other more severe conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 The units used for concentration in this standard are v/v which refers to the volume of reagent/1 L of solution and g/L which refers to the weight of reagent, in g, to be dissolved in 1 L of water.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C650 − 04 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
1
Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C650; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope stances and for tile in areas where they may be exposed to
contact with strong cleaning agents.
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining
whether, and to what degree, ceramic tiles are affected by
3.2 The specification of 10 % hydrochloric acid solution
prolonged exposure to chemical substances that are commonly
and 10 % potassium hydroxide solution as normal testing
used in the household or for cleaning purposes as well as other
fluids, and the length of exposure time and temperature are
more severe conditions.
based on experimental laboratory work and interlaboratory
tests, where it was indicated that resistance to these two
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
substances probably assures resistance also to any other acidic
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
or alkaline substance coming in contact with tile, except
standard.
hydrofluoric acid.
1.2.1 The units used for concentration in this standard are
v/v which refers to the volume of reagent/1 L of solution and
3.3 The validity of using color difference as means of
g/L which refers to the weight of reagent, in g, to be dissolved
determining the degree to which tile surfaces are affected by
in 1 L of water.
acids and alkalies has been established by interlaboratory test
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and was found to be more reliable than the determination of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
loss of gloss, particularly for unglazed tile and mat or semimat
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
glazed surfaces. Lack of coordination between instrumental
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
value and visual effect was noted only in the case of minute
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
surface changes, detectable only by oblique viewing.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Apparatus
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 Test Tubes, plain-end flint glass test tubes with a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
diameter of 20 mm and a length of 150 mm.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.2 Pipets, glass with a volume of at least 50 mL with
gradations in 1-mL increments.
2. Summary of Test Method
4.3 Oven, capable of maintaining a constant temperature of
2.1 This test method calls for one or more tests, each
110 6 5 °C.
consisting of exposing flat pieces of ceramic tile to the action
of a specific chemical substance for a definite period of time at
4.4 Pencil, HB hardness grade.
a prescribed temperature. After exposure, the surfaces of the
4.5 Cloths, a supply of lintless, absorbent cloths or paper
tile are rinsed with water and inspected for effect.
towels.
3. Significance and Use
4.6 Distilled or Deionized Water , for preparation of the
3.1 This test method is intended for testing ceramic tile that
solutions.
are to be used for food counters, lavatories, and similar
4.7 Light Source, standard, that supplies a 300 lux of
residential, medical, and commercial installations, where they
illumination.
may come in contact with food, chemical, and waste sub-
5. Reagents
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic
Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
C21.06 on Ceramic Tile.
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2019. Published August 2019. Originally
all reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee on
approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C650 – 04 (2014).
DOI: 10.1520/C0650-04R19. Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C650 − 04 (2019)
2
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, possible under expected service conditions, or bear some other
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently meaningful relation to expe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C650 − 04 (Reapproved 2014) C650 − 04 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
1
Resistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C650; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining whether, and to what degree, ceramic tiles are affected by prolonged
exposure to chemical substances that are commonly used in the household or for cleaning purposes as well as other more severe
conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 The units used for concentration in this standard are v/v which refers to the volume of reagent/1 L of solution and g/L
which refers to the weight of reagent, in g, to be dissolved in 1 L of water.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Summary of Test Method
2.1 This test method calls for one or more tests, each consisting of exposing flat pieces of ceramic tile to the action of a specific
chemical substance for a definite period of time at a prescribed temperature. After exposure, the surfaces of the tile are rinsed with
water and inspected for effect.
3. Significance and Use
3.1 This test method is intended for testing ceramic tile that are to be used for food counters, lavatories, and similar residential,
medical, and commercial installations, where they may come in contact with food, chemical, and waste substances and for tile in
areas where they may be exposed to contact with strong cleaning agents.
3.2 The specification of 10 % hydrochloric acid solution and 10 % potassium hydroxide solution as normal testing fluids, and
the length of exposure time and temperature are based on experimental laboratory work and interlaboratory tests, where it was
indicated that resistance to these two substances probably assures resistance also to any other acidic or alkaline substance coming
in contact with tile, except hydrofluoric acid.
3.3 The validity of using color difference as means of determining the degree to which tile surfaces are affected by acids and
alkalies has been established by interlaboratory test and was found to be more reliable than the determination of loss of gloss,
particularly for unglazed tile and mat or semimat glazed surfaces. Lack of coordination between instrumental value and visual
effect was noted only in the case of minute surface changes, detectable only by oblique viewing.
4. Apparatus
4.1 Test Tubes, plain-end flint glass test tubes with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 150 mm.
4.2 Pipets, glass with a volume of at least 50 mL with gradations in 1-mL increments.
4.3 Oven, capable of maintaining a constant temperature of 110 6 5°C.5 °C.
4.4 Pencil, HB hardness grade.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C21 on Ceramic Whitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C21.06
on Ceramic Tile.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2014Aug. 1, 2019. Published December 2014August 2019. Originally approved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as C650 – 04 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/C0650-04R14.10.1520/C0650-04R19.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C650 − 04 (2019)
4.5 Cloths, a supply of lintless, absorbent cloths or paper towels.
4.6 Distilled or Deionized Water , for preparation of the solutions.
4.7 Light Source, standard, that supplies a 300 lux of illumination.
5. Reagents
5.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise ind
...
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