ASTM B846-01
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
Standard Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys
SCOPE
1.1 The terms defined in this terminology standard are applicable to copper and copper alloy products specifications, test methods, practices, and other documents within the jurisdiction of Committee B-5 on Copper and Copper Alloys.
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Designation: B 846 – 01
Standard Terminology for
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Copper and Copper Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 846; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope base metal—the sheet or plate from which the pipe is formed.
billet—refinery shape used for piercing or extrusion into
1.1 The terms defined in this terminology standard are
tubular products or for extrusion into rods, bars, and shapes.
applicable to copper and copper alloy products specifications,
Circular in cross section, usually 3 to 16 in. (76 to 406 mm)
test methods, practices, and other documents within the juris-
in diameter, normally ranging in weight from 100 to 4200 lb
diction of Committee B-5 on Copper and Copper Alloys.
(63 to 28 200 kg).
2. Referenced Documents
blank—a piece of flat product intended for subsequent fabri-
cation by forming, bending, cupping, drawing, hot pressing,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and so forth.
B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper—
2
buckle (centre bulge or oil can)—alternate bulges and hol-
Refinery Shapes
lows recurring along the length of a strip with the edges
B 379 Specification for Phosphorized Coppers—Refinery
2
remaining relatively flat.
Shapes
bus bar—includes material of solid rectangular or square cross
3. Significance and Use
section or a solid section with two plane parallel surfaces and
round or other simple regular-shaped edges.
3.1 This terminology is not intended to apply to any
bus conductor stock—a bar, rod, or shape of high-
standard, test method, practice, or other document not within
conductivity copper used to make bus conductors.
the jurisdiction of Committee B-5 on Copper and Copper
cake—refinery shape used for rolling into plate, sheet, strip, or
Alloys.
shape. Rectangular in cross section and of various sizes,
4. Terminology
normally ranging in weight from 140 to 62 000 lb (63 to
28 200 kg).
anneal (annealing)—a thermal treatment to change the prop-
casting—a general term for a metal object produced at or
erties or grain structure of the product. When applied to a
near-finished shape by pouring or otherwise introducing
cold-worked product having a single phase: to produce
molten metal into a mold and allowing it to solidify.
softening by recrystallization or recrystallization and grain
casting, centrifugal—a casting produced in a cylindrical mold
growth, with the accompanying changes in properties. When
rotating on its axis with the major axis of the product
applied to a product having two or more phases: to produce
coinciding with the axis of rotation. The axis of rotation may
softening by changes in the phase relationship which may
be horizontal, vertical, or any angle in between.
include recrystallization and grain growth.
casting, centrifuged—a casting produced in a mold, a number
arc welding—a group of welding processes wherein coales-
of which may be mounted around a central sprue. The molds
cence is produced by heating with an arc or arcs, with or
are rotated, in a vertical position, about a central axis
without the application of pressure and with or without the
concentric with the central sprue.
use of filler metal.
casting, continuous—a casting produced by the continuous
as-welded condition—a condition created as a result of
pouring and solidification of molten metal through a water-
forming annealed sheet or plate into tubular form and
cooled mold which determines the cross-sectional shape.
welding without subsequent heat treatment or cold work.
The length of the product is not restricted by mold dimen-
average diameter (for round tubes only)— the average of the
sions.
maximum and minimum outside diameters or the maximum
casting, permanent mold—a product produced in a reusable
and minimum inside diameters, whichever is applicable, as
mold constructed of a durable material, usually iron or steel,
determined at any one cross section of the tube.
with the molten metal being introduced by gravity, low-
pressure or vacuum.
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper
casting, sand—a casting produced in a sand mold.
and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.93 on
casting, semicentrifugal—a casting produced in a manner
Terminology.
Current edition approved May 10, 2001. Published September 2001. Originally similar to the centrifugal casting except that a central core is
published as B 846 – 93. Last previous edition B 846 – 99.
used to allow the formation of other than a cylindrical inside
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.
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