ASTM D7594-16

Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method can be used to determine anti-wear properties and coefficient of friction of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high Hertzian contact pressures at selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applications in which induced, high-speed vibrational motions are present for extended periods of time. It has found application as a screening test for grease lubricants used in ball and roller bearings, roller or ball screw (spindle) drives or side shaft systems (Tripode or Rzeppa type) for example, so-called constant velocity (CV) joints. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the lubricating action of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high Hertzian contact pressures under high-frequency linear-oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. By performing additional, nonmandatory extreme-pressure tests in accordance with Test Method D5706, the test grease should be shown to be able to withstand a Hertzian contact pressure of at least 2200 MPa without adhesive failure.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2016
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.G0.04 - Functional Tests - Tribology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D7594-11 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2016
• Replaced By: ASTM D7594-19 - Standard Test Method for Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2019
• Referred By: ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2016

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7594 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating
Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a
1
High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
D6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Prop-
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the
erties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using
lubricating action of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear
SRV Test Machine
under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high
D7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
Hertzian contact pressures under high-frequency linear-
Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency,
oscillation motion using the SRV test machine. By performing
Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
additional, nonmandatory extreme-pressure tests in accordance
D7755 Practice for Determining the Wear Volume on Stan-
withTestMethodD5706,thetestgreaseshouldbeshowntobe
dard Test Pieces Used by High-Frequency, Linear-
able to withstand a Hertzian contact pressure of at least
Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
2200 MPa without adhesive failure.
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Steel
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
standard.
3
2.2 Other Standards:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
DIN 51834-3:2008-12 Testing of Lubricants—Tribological
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Test in Translatory Oscillation Apparatus—Part 3: Deter-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
mination of Tribological Behaviour of Materials in Coop-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
eration with Lubricants
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
DIN 51631:1999 Special-Boiling-Point Spirits—
Requirements and Testing
2. Referenced Documents
DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-Treated Steels, Alloy Steels and
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Free-Cutting Steels—Part 17: Ball and Roller Bearing
A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction
Steels [Replaces DIN 17230-1980]
Bearing Steel
DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifica-
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
tions (GPS)—Surface Texture: Profile Method—Surfaces
Grease
Having Stratified Functional Properties—Part 2: Height
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Characterization Using the Linear Material Ratio Curve
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
[Replaces DIN 4776-1990]
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid
Fuels, and Lubricants
3. Terminology
D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
3.1 Definitions:
Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
both,thatareuncharacteristicofthegiventribologicalsystem’s
Subcommittee D02.G0.04 on Functional Tests - Tribology.
long-term behavior. G40
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published March 2017. Originally
approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as D7594 – 11.
DOI:10.1520/D7594-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
3
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN-- DIN Deutsches
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Institut fur Normung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http://
the ASTM website. www.en.din.de.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7594 − 16
3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, µ or ƒ, n—in tribology, the 3.2.2 fretting wear, n—wear arising as a result of fretting.
dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two Small amplitude oscillatory motion, usually tangential, be-
bodies to the normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. t
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7594 − 11 D7594 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determining Fretting Wear Resistance of Lubricating
Greases Under High Hertzian Contact Pressures Using a
1
High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7594; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the lubricating action of greases in order to prevent “fretting” wear
under linear oscillation with associated low strokes and high Hertzian contact pressures under high-frequency linear-oscillation
motion using the SRV test machine. By performing additional, nonmandatory extreme-pressure tests in accordance with Test
Method D5706, the test grease should be shown to be able to withstand a Hertzian contact pressure of at least 2200 MPa without
adhesive failure.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction Bearing Steel
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating Grease
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-Frequency, Linear-
Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
D6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using SRV Test
Machine
D7421 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure Properties of Lubricating Oils Using High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation
(SRV) Test Machine
D7755 Practice for Determining the Wear Volume on Standard Test Pieces Used by High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV)
Test Machine
E45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
3
2.2 DINOther Standards:
DIN 51834-3:2008-12 Testing of lubricants – Tribological test in translatory oscillation apparatus – Part Lubricants—
Tribological Test in Translatory Oscillation Apparatus—Part 3: Determination of tribological behaviourTribological
Behaviour of materialsMaterials in cooperationCooperation with lubricantsLubricants
DIN 51631:1999 Special-boiling-point spirits - Requirements and testingSpecial-Boiling-Point Spirits—Requirements and
Testing
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.G0.04 on Functional Tests - Tribology.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2016. Published March 2012March 2017. Originally approved in 2010. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as
D7594D7594 – 11.–10. DOI:10.1520/D7594-11. DOI:10.1520/D7594-16.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH (DIN-- DIN Deutsches Institut fur Normung e.V.), Burggrafenstrasse 6, 10787, Berlin, Germany, http://
www.en.din.de.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7594 − 16
DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated steels, alloy steels and free-cutting steels - Part Heat-Treated Steels, Alloy Steels and
Free-Cutting Steels—Part 17: Ball and roller bearing steels (replaces DIN 17230-1980)Roller Bearing Steels [Replaces DIN
17230-1980]
DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - Surface texture: Profile method - Surfaces having
stratified functional properties - Part 2: Height characterization using the linear mater
...