ASTM D5770-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
Standard Test Method for Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a semiquantitative estimate of the acid number of lubricating oils obtained from laboratory oxidation tests using smaller amounts of sample than Test Methods D 974, D 664, or D 3339. It has specific application in Test Method D 943 and in Test Method D 4871. This test method, therefore, provides a means of monitoring the relative oxidation of lubricating oils by measuring changes in acid number, at different time intervals and under various oxidizing test conditions.
Since this test method is semiquantitative, each laboratory shall develop its own criteria for each oxidation test method for determining when to switch from this semiquantitative test method to a more precise test method for acid number.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 to 1.0 mg of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating oils. Note 1 - This test method is a micro version of Test Method D 974 and it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher precision methods such as Test Methods D 974 or D 664. It shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D5770 − 11
Standard Test Method for
Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of
1
Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3339 Test Method forAcid Number of Petroleum Products
by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method
D4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability
intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents
Test Apparatus
occurring in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the
acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 to 1.0
3. Terminology
mgofpotassiumhydroxidepergramofsample.Itisapplicable
3.1 Definitions:
to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating
3.1.1 acid number, n—the quantity of a specified base,
oils.
expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of
NOTE 1—This test method is a micro version of Test Method D974 and
sample, required to titrate a sample in a specified solvent to a
it produces results similar to that method.
specified endpoint using a specified detection system.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the acid number is
is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher
calculated from the number of drops required to produce a
precisionmethodssuchasTestMethodsD974orD664.Itshall
change in solution color from blue-green to orange, compared
not be used to monitor oils in-service.
to the number of drops required to produce an identical color
change using a reference standard. Because this is a direct
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
comparison method, the acid number value can be reported in
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample.
only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Summary of Test Method
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 A2.0-mLportion of the titration solution is titrated with
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a sample using a dropping pipet. The number of drops of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
sample required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
persistent orange color is noted.
2. Referenced Documents
4.2 A second 2.0-mL portion of the titration solution is
2
titrated with an acid number reference solution of known acid
2.1 ASTM Standards:
number. The number of drops of the reference solution
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a persistent
by Potentiometric Titration
orange color is noted.
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited
Mineral Oils
4.3 The estimated acid number of the sample is calculated
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
using the acid number of the reference solution and the ratio of
Indicator Titration
the number of drops of the reference solution required to effect
the color change to the number of drops of the sample required
for the same change.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5. Significance and Use
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
5.1 Thistestmethodprovidesasemiquantitativeestimateof
Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published July 2011. Originally
the acid number of lubricating oils obtained from laboratory
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D5770–02(2007).
DOI: 10.1520/D5770-11.
oxidation tests using smaller amounts of sample than Test
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Methods D974, D664,or D3339. It has specific application in
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Test Method D943 and in Test Method D4871. This test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. method, therefore, provides a means of monitoring the relative
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5770 − 11
longer available. The Fisher Reagent Solution was the only commercially
oxidation of lubr
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D5770–02 (Reapproved 2007) Designation:D5770–11
Standard Test Method for
Semiquantitative Micro Determination of Acid Number of
1
Lubricating Oils During Oxidation Testing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5770; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method is a semiquantitative micro method intended for monitoring the changes in acidic constituents occurring
in lubricating oils during oxidation testing, when the acid number of such oils falls within the range from 0.02 to 1.0 mg of
potassium hydroxide per gram of sample. It is applicable to such oils as turbine oils, hydraulic oils, and other circulating oils.
NOTE 1—This test method is a micro version of Test Method D974 and it produces results similar to that method.
1.2 This test method is designed for use where sample size is limited. It shall not be used as a replacement for higher precision
methods such as Test Methods D974 or D664. It shall not be used to monitor oils in-service.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D943 Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D3339 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Semi-Micro Color Indicator Titration
D4871 Guide for Universal Oxidation/Thermal Stability Test Apparatus
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 acid number, n—the quantity of a specified base, expressed in milligrams of potassium hydroxide per gram of sample,
that is required to titrate a sample dissolved in a specified solvent to a specified endpoint using a specified detection system.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In this test method, the acid number is calculated from the number of drops required to produce a change
in solution color from blue-green to orange, compared to the number of drops required to produce an identical color change using
areferencestandard.Becausethisisadirectcomparisonmethod,theacidnumbervaluecanbereportedinmilligramsofpotassium
hydroxide per gram of sample.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A 2.0-mL portion of the titration solution is titrated with a sample using a dropping pipet. The number of drops of sample
required to turn the blue-green titration solution to a persistent orange color is noted.
4.2 Asecond 2.0-mL portion of the titration solution is titrated with an acid number reference solution of known acid number.
Thenumberofdropsofthereferencesolutionrequiredtoturntheblue-greentitrationsolutiontoapersistentorangecolorisnoted.
4.3 The estimated acid number of the sample is calculated using the acid number of the reference solution and the ratio of the
number of drops of the reference solution required to effect the color change to the number of drops of the sample required for
the same change.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.06 on
Analysis of Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2007.15, 2011. Published June 2007.July 2011. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D5770–02.D5770–02(2007). DOI: 10.1520/D5770-02R07.10.1520/D5770-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5770–11
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a semiquantitative estimate of the acid number of lu
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